24.11.16

120 years since the birth of Evgeniy Lvovich Schwartz

" Journeybased on the fairy tales of E. L. Schwartz ""

(portrait, books, books for children, book covers, exhibition of books, crafts and drawings)

1. Biography + portrait:

The great Soviet storyteller Evgeny Schwartz is remembered for his amazingly kind and realistic presentations of famous fairy tales from world classics. From his pen more than 20 fairy-tale plays were produced for puppet and drama theaters. Also, many feature films and one animated film were made based on his scripts. Evgeny Schwartz was born on October 9, 1896 in the city of Kazan into a family of doctors.

A lot of time was devoted to raising children. The mother read aloud to them. Zhenya, listening to fairy tales, was terribly afraid that everything would end badly. If the boy refused to eat the cutlet, then the mother began to tell a fairy tale where all the characters found themselves in a hopeless situation: “Finish your food, otherwise everyone will drown.” And the boy finished everything.
Evgeniy decided to enter the law faculty of Moscow University. However, Schwartz did not receive a law degree; after a couple of years of study, he realized that he had chosen the wrong path. From childhood he was attracted by theater and literature. Schwartz wrote stories and poems for children in the magazines Chizh and Hedgehog.

But Evgeny Schwartz is known not only as a children's writer, but also as a playwright and film screenwriter (Cinderella, Don Quixote, The Snow Queen, etc.). Despite the fact that Schwartz loved and understood children like few adults, and never gave up children's literature, he also wrote “adult” plays. Many of them are based on ready-made plots, for example, he very often used fairy tales by H. H. Andersen for plays that became very famous.

Evgeny Schwartz died on January 15, 1958. Many years have passed since Evgeny Schwartz passed away, time has changed, people have changed, but Schwartz’s plays have not left the stage. And not only in Russia.

2. Discussion of fairy tales read by children:

3. Discussion "Fairy taleOlosttime":

Often fairy tales end with the words: “A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it...” What did Evgeniy Schwartz hint to you? (About the need to take care of your time, fill your leisure time with content).

What do you think can happen to a person who spends his time meaninglessly, mediocrely, who simply loses it? ( He will not learn to read and write. He won't know anything)

QUIZ:

1. “What a lonely, unhappy old man I am. No mother, no children, no grandchildren, no friends... And most importantly, I didn’t have time to learn anything. Real old people are either doctors, or masters, or academics, or teachers. Who needs me when I’m just a 3rd grade student?”

2. The situation Petya found himself in was unpleasant. He even cried. He wiped away his tears... (beard)

3.He liked to repeat at the end of each school term…. (I'll have time)

4. Where did Petya find the answer to magic? (in the forest)

5. Whom did Petya meet in the forest house, how did they address each other and why? (evil wizards and sorceresses)

6. How can the guys become the same? (if the guys who were turned into old people find each other tomorrow, come exactly at twelve o’clock at night to the forest house and turn the clock hands seventy-seven times back, then they will become children again)

I would like to end our literary lesson with the words of E. L. Schwartz: “Thoughts can be educated. They can be made to wise up. And from smart thoughts there will be smart, correct actions.”

24.10.2016

October 21 V Library-branch No. 6 took place literary hour “Good old tales of Schwartz”, which was held with the 3b class of school No. 24 and dedicated to the writer’s anniversary. At the beginning of the event, librarian N.V. Levykina introduced the children to an exhibition of the writer’s books. She drew attention to the portrait of E. Schwartz: what a kind, sincere person he is with a friendly look.

Then the librarian told the children how Schwartz came to literature, about his acquaintance with K. Chukovsky, for whom he worked as a secretary, with S.Ya. Marshak, who helped him publish in the magazines “Chizh” and “Hedgehog”. The librarian listed the writer’s most famous fairy tales: “Two Maples”, “Marya the Mistress”, “Shadow”, “Dragon”, “An Ordinary Miracle”, “The Tale of Lost Time”. An unusual feature was noted in the fairy tales of E. Schwartz: the storyteller mixes up time, includes new heroes in well-known fairy tales, and invents new scenes. So in “Cinderella” the Page appears with the now well-known statement: “I’m not a wizard, I’m just learning.” And the king turns to us and says: “No connections will make a small leg, a big soul, or a fair heart.” The children learned that many of Schwartz's fairy tales were filmed. Then Nadezhda Vladimirovna invited the children to guess riddles. And they all turned out to be about Time! Students were asked to think about the meaning of the proverb: “Time for business is time for fun.” Does it fit in with “The Tale of Lost Time” they were required to read for the event?

The children also worked on the text:

— What was the name of the clock that amused the house of evil wizards (watches, clocks?)
- Walkers - what kind of watch?
— Choose synonyms for the word “gloomy.”
— Antonyms for the words “to grow old”, “to work”.

The children enjoyed listening to excerpts from the fairy tale. And then we watched a cartoon based on it. At the end of the event, the children pointed out the difference between E. Schwartz’s work and the cartoon. We came to the conclusion that the book turned out to be more interesting and complete than the cartoon, and, therefore, you need to not only watch movies, but also read in order to become smarter. And the main conclusion from what we heard and learned is that you cannot waste precious time on trifles, stupidity and idleness.

An hour of good literature

(scenario of the event for the anniversary of E. Schwartz)

Design, equipment: exhibition of one author “Ready Portrait. Evgeny Schwartz”, computer, TV, video: “Once upon a time there was a storyteller”

Scenario

Presenter 1: You know that 2016 in Russia is dedicated to cinema. But it’s impossible to imagine cinema without wonderful adaptations of Evgeniy Schwartz’s fairy tales! In addition, in October we celebrated the writer’s 120th birthday.

(video presentation: “Once upon a time there was a storyteller”)

The name of Evgeniy Lvovich Schwartz is surrounded by legend. The legend doesn’t lie, but it doesn’t tell the whole truth either. The legend is simple - life is complex, and “everything in it is wonderful and magnificently mixed up.” Schwartz entered literature as a children's writer; in the 20s he worked for the magazine "Hedgehog and Chizh", and then became a playwright and dramatized many fairy tales. Therefore, our acquaintance with the work of this writer sometimes begins not with books, but with films. Having seen the good old film “Cinderella” in childhood (it was filmed according to Schwartz’s script), we remember for the rest of our lives the amazing words of the little page: “I’m not a wizard, I’m just learning.” And in our youth, like a prayer, we repeat: “Only once in a lifetime does a lover get a day when they succeed in everything.” These are words from another amazing fairy tale by Schwartz, “An Ordinary Miracle.” Truly, Evgeny Lvovich can be called the ruler of the Fairytale Kingdom. What a variety of fairy tales : “The Snow Queen”, “The Naked King”, “Two Maples”, “The Tale of Lost Time”, “Cinderella” and many others.

Presenter 2:

“The Lord blessed me to go,

He ordered to wander without thinking about the goal.

He blessed me to sing along the way.

So that my companions may have fun...", -

This is what the writer said about himself.

Presenter 1: Evgeniy Lvovich Schwartz (1896 - 1958), writer and playwright.

Born on October 21, 1896 in Kazan in the family of a doctor. From Schwartz’s memoirs: “I learned to read early. How and when, I can’t remember. The first book I remember is fairy tales published by Stupin.” I remember my mother reading the book “The Prince and the Pauper.” And then I read it, first in pieces, then the whole thing many times in a row.” My mother really wanted me to become an engineer. “Who will you be?” - she once asked. I answered in a half-whisper: “A novelist.” In my confusion, I simply forgot that there was a simpler word “writer”.

Schwartz spent his teenage years in Maykop. He studied at the Faculty of Law of Moscow University (1914-1916).

First appeared in print in 1923; collaborated in children's humor magazines "Hedgehog" and "Chizh". Since 1926 he kept diaries. In the late 20s - 30s. worked in Leningrad as the head of the children's editorial office of the State Publishing House and the Raduga publishing house, and prepared radio broadcasts. For some time he was K.I. Chukovsky’s secretary. Schwartz’s stories “The Adventures of Shura and Marusya,” “Alien Girl” (both 1937), and “First-Grader” (1948) are marked by a subtle understanding of child psychology, humor, and a lively sense of the poetry of early life.

Presenter 2: Eccentric fiction and witty play with words appeared in Schwartz's first plays ("Underwood" - typewriter staged in 1929, published in 1930; "Treasure", staged in 1933, published in 1934; satirical comedy "The Adventures of Hohenstaufen", 1934). The writer used the plots of folk tales, as well as the fairy tales of H. C. Andersen to create his own artistic world (the plays “The Naked King”, “Little Red Riding Hood”, “The Snow Queen”, “Shadow”). During the Great Patriotic War, Schwartz created the anti-fascist pamphlet play “Dragon” (1944, staged in 1962 by director M. N. P. Akimov at the Leningrad Comedy Theater). In the post-war years, his dramaturgy increased attention to the psychological and everyday details of the life of a modern person (the plays “An Ordinary Miracle”, 1956; “The Tale of Young Spouses”, 1958). The films “Cinderella” (1947), “Don Quixote” (1957; based on the novel by M. de Cervantes), etc. were shot based on Schwartz’s scripts.

Presenter 1:And now, after viewing the slides and getting acquainted with the biography and work of the writer, I invite you to guess from the proposed titles of fairy tales, plays and film scripts which ones belong to the pen of the storyteller:

· Two maples

· Adventures of Dunno

· A Tale of Lost Time

· Cunning Hunter

· Frog traveler

· New adventures of Puss in Boots

· Tale of a Witch

· Naked King

· Khavroshechka

· Snow Queen

· Two brothers

· Tsar Maiden

· Cinderella

· Doctor Aibolit

· Shabarsha

· An ordinary miracle

· Marya the Mistress

Presenter 2: Now remember the film based on the script by Evgeniy Schwartz: “Cinderella”. I will read phrases from a movie fairy tale, and you must say which character said them.

Quests:

1. And he also put on a crown (stepmother)

2. It’s a pity the kingdom is too small, I have nowhere to roam. It’s okay, I’ll quarrel with my neighbors - I can do that (stepmother)

3. Good people, where are you? Good people, and good people? (Cinderella)

4. I'm leaving! To hell, to hell, to the monastery! Live as you please (King)

5. I'm not a wizard, I'm just learning, but friendship helps us do real miracles (page boy)

6. My little ones, follow me! (stepmother)

7. Connections are connections, but in the end she must have a conscience (king)

8. It's terribly harmful not to go to balls when you deserve it (fairy)

Presenter 1: Next task based on the fairy tale: “Two Brothers”

1. What were the names of the brothers in the fairy tale? (Senior and Junior)

2. What did the boys' father do? (forester)

3. What phrase did the Elder say when he pushed the Younger out into the yard and locked the door behind him? ("Leave me alone")

4. In which room of the hall was Great-Grandfather Frost's Younger Brother locked? (49)

5. Who helped the boys escape from Great-Grandfather Frost's house (squirrels and birds)

"The Tale of Lost Time"

Now I will show you pictures from another wonderful fairy tale, and you will tell me what it is called. There is a famous film by Alexander Ptushko, shot in 1964 based on the play of the same name by E. Schwartz. Who watched the movie or cartoon, or read it? Which one of you can easily answer our questions:

Quiz based on the book by E. Schwartz "The Tale of Lost Time"

1. “What a lonely, unhappy old man I am. No mother, no children, no grandchildren, no friends... And most importantly, I didn’t have time to learn anything. Real old people are either doctors, or masters, or academics, or teachers. Who needs me when I’m just a 3rd grade student?”

When using materials from this site - and placing a banner is MANDATORY!!!

Script for school "The Tale of Lost Time" (E. Schwartz)

Script developed and sent to: Galina

Characters:

Wizards:

• Vasily Perfirievich-( V.P.)
• Mikhail Mikhailovich-( MM. )
• Maria Ivanovna-( M.I.)

Children:

• 1 boy-( 1m. )
• 2 boy-( 2m. )
• girl-( D.)

Other:

• Policeman-( Mil. )
• Woman-(F.)
• Grandfather-( Grandfather.)
• Tanya-(Tanya)
• Kolya-(Kolya)

Action 1.

(Fairytale forest. Wizards follow each other and sing a song.)

Song of the Wizards.

Here and there someone with some kind of briefcase One day walked somehow to some school, One day walked somehow and caught a crow, And behind him - tick-tock, tick-tock - time train! Chorus: And we kill time all the time, We waste time, we waste time. Where do we get all this time - We won’t tell anyone about this! And while someone with a briefcase was catching crows, Someone with a beard stole the carriage with something, And he gave him the beard as a souvenir, So that someone would have something to catch crows with! Chorus.

(The wizards whisper.)

V.P. - Let's set the watches. Went!

(They disperse in different directions.)

Action 2.

Before school. The bell rings for class. Students run to school.

1 m. - The bison ran!

(1m. and the girl go in different directions. The girl plays hopscotch.)

M.I. spying on the girl.

2 m appears and breaks the glass with a slingshot. Old Man ( MM. ) peeps.

1m. grimaces in front of the shop window. approaches him V.P.

V.P. - What are you doing here?

1 m. - I? Nothing.

V.P. - Nothing at all?

1 m. - At all.

V.P. - Not doing anything at all, at all, at all?

1 m. - Yes, I don’t do anything.

V.P. - That's good. That's great. Thank you boy, thank you very much.

V.P. shakes hands 1 m. and they turn into each other.

1 m. - Wow! Uncle, are you a magician?

V.P. - Magician, magician. Well, close your eyes - you won’t see it yet!

(1 m. closes his eyes. V.P. leaves.)

1 m. - Is it time? Uncle, is it time?

It's time - not time, I open my eyes! (notices the beard)

Oh! What is this? Oh!

(Runs to the policeman)

1 m.- Uncle, who am I?

Policeman- Sorry, grandfather, don’t you understand?

(1 m. turns around and leaves, crying. Sits on the bench. approaches himM.I. - girl.)

M.I.- What, did you jump?

1 m.- Uncle, is that you?

M.I.- Uncle? Who worked with you?

1 m.- Where is he, the thin one?

M.I.- Listen to me. How lazy are you? I ask - how did you waste your time?

1m. - Yes, I didn’t do anything! I played with the reflection.

M.I.- What are you talking about! What?

1m.- Everything. He stuck his tongue out at her.

M.I.- Wow! Talented! And my mediocrity was jumping on one leg.

(A girl runs, turned into an old woman.)

D.- Well, hold her! Hold on, who am I telling?

(M.I. from around the corner)

M.I.- Hello grandma!

D.- Burdock! Bungler!

1m.- What are you doing?

D.-I got upset! They shouted at you - hold it.

1m.- Why did she do this?

D.- Nothing for you, but nothing for me. What am I? Do you see?

1m.- Nasty.

D.- What?

1m.- Which one?

D.- Old. Which one was it?

1m.- How do I know?

D.- Normal - young. What was she like?

1m.- How do I know?

D.- Old! What did you become?

1m.- Listen! Mine was also an old man. And he also became young. What about me?

D.- I? I? Come on - follow me!

(Leave)

D.- How smart they are to turn children into old people! Such tricks will not work with me!

1m.- Exactly! And I had a magician.

(They approach the fence. Behind it is a construction site. They look through the hole in the fence. The glass breaks. He runsMM. with a slingshot. A policeman is behind him.MM. crawls through the fence.)

Mil. - Where is the boy?

1m.- There. In the forest.

D.- What kind of boy is he? He is one of them. Catch him.

(Mil. looks through the fence - construction site.)

Mil.- Where is the forest there? Eh, old age is no joy.

(Children check)

D.- Do you get it now?

1m.- Got it.

D.- But before me - no. Climb behind me.

1m.- Scary!

D.- Well, where are you? Come here quickly. Do you want to remain an old man forever?

(1m. climbs over the fence. They find themselves in a fairy forest)

D.- Do you get it now?

1m.- No.

D.- They live here.

Do you see how littered they are? Do they not have any duty officers?

(Approach the clock, which is going backwards)

Action 3.

(In the wizards' house)

V.P. - You simply surprise me, Mary Ivanna! What frivolity - to come up and blurt out all our secrets.

M.I.- Let it be to you, Vasily Parfirich.

MM. -(sings) And we all the time

Killing time...

V.P. - Michal Mikhalych, finally stop your stupid singing.

Forgive me, Mary Ivana, you only think about yourself. You told him that we stole his time. Moreover, you revealed the very essence to him.

M.I.- Which one is this?

MM. - (sings) And here's what (2 times)

I'm crowing (2 times)…

V.P. - Was it me or did you ask him how lazy he was? Was it me or did you give him the opportunity to guess that only lazy people can steal time?

MM. - (sings) Only for lazy people (2 times)

You can steal some time.

V.P. - Michal Mikhalych, will you stop your singing or not?

MM. - (sings) Patience has run out -

I stop singing. (breaks the glass in the house)

V.P. - I understood your hint, Michal Mikhalych, but by the way, it’s better to smash stelae and shop windows in the forest, and not in the city where you and I work, and where today you put three of us on our trail. What if they show up here? A?

M.I.- What a bore you are, Vasily Parfirich.

V.P. - A. So, in your opinion, I’m a bore?

M.I.- Yes, yes!

V.P. - Do you know that lazy people are now worth their weight in gold? This is not 10 years ago! The other lazy guy went. Why is he sneaking out of class? To shoot at windows with a slingshot? No, dears, no! He is now pursuing a hobby.

M.I.- Ha-ha-ha! Hobby!

V.P.-Can you work with such a lazy person? He won't give you a minute.

M.I.- Come on! For once I talked to the loafer - and I started screaming, screaming! What do you think - they just guessed right away that they needed to find a third, get into some kind of dead end, climb into something, and look somewhere. Find some hut in some forest and set some clocks in some direction. Ugh! You will become a bore yourself.

MM.- And it will strike 12 (2 times)

Their time will be ours forever! (breaks glass)

D.- Get into some kind of dead end.

1m.- We got it.

D.- Climb somewhere.

1m.- On the fence.

D.- Somewhere to jump.

1m.- To the forest.

D.- Find some hut.

1m.- Found.

D.- And move some arrows in some direction. Follow me!

1m.- Where?

D.- Look for a third one.

(run away)

Action 4.

(In the city)

They approach a woman.

1m.- Sorry, grandpa...

J. - Who? Grandfather? What kind of grandfather am I to you? Also say grandma! What impudence.

They approach grandfather.

D.- Grandfather, are you real or did they work with you too?

Grandfather.- Excuse me, what do you mean - real? What kind of wood do you think I am?

1m.- Real.

D.- Yes.

2m. - (in the form of a grandfather) Come on, boy, take me across the road.

Kolya - Please.

2m.- Well done! Go and learn your lessons. You will be an excellent student.

2m.- (laughs) Come on, girl, take me to the other side.

Tanya - Now, grandfather.

2m.- Eh, you don’t respect your elders! You're in a hurry to get somewhere. You lose your footing. Lead back!

(Suitable 1m. And D.)

D.- Grandpa is joking. You go, girl, go. We will translate it ourselves.

2m.- Hey, old people, what are you doing?

(Conversation on the bench)

2m.- No, old people, this is not for me. Some places to go, some things to translate. And for what? Cramming lessons again, writing tests, dictations! Yes, I'm so tired of this. Come on, old people, let’s do it this way - everyone lost their time - let everyone get it back for themselves.

(Everyone is silent)

Are we playing a game of silence?

Well, as you wish.

Well, old people, don’t put pressure on the psyche.

In general, I went, old people. (Gets up, takes 2 steps forward - turns around)

No, I'm serious. I'll leave. Well, why are you seated - sit, but time is running out. Let's go to your place!

Action 5.

(Fairy forest)

In the house of wizards -

V.P. - (into the telephone receiver) Hello! Vasya, it’s me Parfirich.

M.I. -(twists the hoop)

MM. -(runs with a gun) Ta-ta-ta-ta-ta!

Children approach the clock and turn the hands in the opposite direction. Everyone in the house freezes in place. The clock strikes 12 times. Wizards turn into old men, and children into children.

Children - (in unison) HOORAY!

Action 6.

Before school. The bell rings. Schoolchildren run to school. They're coming from behind 2m., D, 1m. 1m. stops in front of the window and begins to grimace out of habit. Suddenly he sees a beard in the reflection.

1m.- Oh! Oh-oh-oh! (runs to school) Waves his hand.

How strange that Evgeniy Schwartz lived in the 20th century. It seemed that he could be friends with Andersen or the Brothers Grimm. And he chose a time for himself when they were especially afraid of fairy tales...

Evgeniy Lvovich Schwartz- Russian Soviet prose writer, playwright, poet, journalist, screenwriter. A famous and beloved storyteller who has captivated even adult readers. Author of more than twenty plays, as well as film scripts. A thinker who in his plays managed to convey the tragedy of the times he was living through and at the same time believed in the inevitability of the triumph of good.

Read in the liters library*

Biography of Evgeny Schwartz

Early in life

The future writer was born on October 9 (21), 1896 in Kazan in the family of an Orthodox Jewish doctor Lev Schwartz and Maria Shelkova, who worked as a midwife. Both parents came from wealthy and intelligent families. Little Zhenya did not remember life in Kazan; in early childhood, he and his parents often moved from one city to another, finally settling in Maykop. The future storyteller spent his childhood there. These moves can be safely considered as a kind of exile of his father, who was often accused of revolutionary activities and was persecuted.

The early life of Evgeny Schwartz

After graduating from the Maikop real school in 1914, Evgeny Schwartz went to Moscow, where he became a student at the Faculty of Law of Moscow University. However, Schwartz did not receive a law degree - after a couple of years of study, he realized that he had chosen the wrong path. Gradually he came to realize his other calling. He was fascinated by the theater.

In 1917, Evgeny Schwartz was drafted into the army. After the October Revolution, he entered the Volunteer Army of L. Kornilov. During one of the assaults, Warrant Officer Schwartz received a concussion from which he suffered for the rest of his life.

After the injury, Evgeniy was demobilized. He entered the university in Rostov-on-Don and firmly decided to connect his future with creativity. He began to play in studio theaters - first in Rostov-on-Don, and from 1921 in Petrograd, in the Theater Workshop. Critics spoke very favorably of the acting of young Evgeniy Schwartz and predicted a brilliant future for him in the theater. However, after two years of acting, Evgeniy left the stage, not seeing much success in his attempts.

Literary creativity
First steps in literature

Starting as a secretary for Korney Chukovsky, Schwartz joined the literary environment of Petrograd, began collaborating with children’s magazines, became friends with members of the literary group “Serapion Brothers”, attracted by their experimentation, often attended their meetings, participated in discussions, but in the “brotherhood” never joined. Like many Oberiuts, he wrote children's stories and poems for the magazines "Chizh" and "Hedgehog", and published children's books. Perhaps it was this communication that prompted Schwartz to become an active writer. At first it was satirical poems and feuilletons in the newspaper “Stoker”, then in tandem with M. Slonimsky - his own magazine “Zaboi”. In 1925, Schwartz’s first collection of poems, “The Story of the Old Balalaika,” was published, which had some success with readers and critics. Then a children's fairy tale for the Underwood Theater and the play “Treasure” were written. Recalling the social situation of those years, Schwartz wrote: “Opponents of the anthropomorphism of fairy tales argued that even without fairy tales a child has difficulty comprehending the world. They managed to capture key positions in pedagogy. All children's literature was placed under suspicion...” It was in such an atmosphere that Schwartz’s dramaturgy was born.

In 1934, director N. Akimov persuaded the playwright to try his hand at comedy drama for adults. The result was the play "The Adventures of Hohenstaufen" - a satirical work with fairy-tale elements, in which the struggle between good and evil forces took place in a realistically described Soviet institution.

Based on famous fairy tales

Schwartz found his true and unique face as a playwright-storyteller when he began writing plays based on the famous stories of fairy tales by Hans Christian Andersen and Charles Perrault: “The Snow Queen,” “The Princess and the Swineherd,” “Little Red Riding Hood,” “Cinderella” and others. The heroes of his updated fairy tales, lively, spontaneous, funny, easily fit into children's ideas about life and are consistent with their limited experience of human relationships. Imperceptibly, he changed fairy-tale cliches, making the life, actions and words of the heroes close, understandable, as if not fairy-tale at all. Among other things, it all looked very funny, witty, with subtle subtext. Actress Elena Proklova: “During this difficult time, he kept goodness in his heart and passed it on to other people. For me, Gerda was distant when I read her from Andersen, and became close when I played her from Schwartz.” Children laugh at the funny problems of his fairy tales, and adults can discern a deeper meaning in them. The famous trilogy “The Naked King”, “Shadow” and “Dragon” was also written based on Andersen’s fairy tales. Many see in it a reaction to the emergence of fascism, although perhaps it was another adaptation of the plots of famous fairy tales. One thing is certain: these plays became a timely anti-dictatorship response to a world problem. The play “The Shadow” was removed from the repertoire immediately after the premiere, since the fairy tale in it was too obviously close to political satire.

Great Patriotic War

At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, Schwartz, in collaboration with Zoshchenko, wrote a grotesque anti-fascist play “Under the Linden Trees of Berlin,” staged in 1941 at the Leningrad Comedy Theater. Evgeny Schwartz survived the most difficult months of the Leningrad blockade. During the war years, he created several lyrical plays, including “One Night” - about the defenders of besieged Leningrad; “The Distant Land” is about evacuated children. From besieged Leningrad, Schwartz was evacuated to Kirov (Vyatka) and Stalinabad (Dushanbe). Worked on the play "Dragon" which was installed after the war. The play was withdrawn from the repertoire immediately after its premiere at the Leningrad Comedy Theater. The play remained banned until 1962. Having familiarized himself with the director’s exposition of “Dragon” made by Akimov, Schwartz expressed in a letter to the director one of the main principles of his dramaturgy: “Miracles are beautifully invented. But in their very abundance there is a tinge of mistrust of the play... If a miracle follows from what is said in the play, it works for the play. If a miracle causes bewilderment even for a moment and requires additional explanation, the viewer will be distracted from very important events. Entertained, but distracted."

Post-war years

After the war, the playwright's social position was not easy. This is evidenced by his Autobiography, written in 1949, published only in 1982 in Paris. During Stalin's lifetime, Schwartz's plays were not staged. Olga Berggolts spoke out for their return to the stage in 1954, calling Schwartz at a writers' congress an original, unique and humane talent. In 1956, the first collection of his plays was published, and performances began to be staged based on them again, both in the USSR and abroad.

During this period, his dramaturgy was enriched with new motives; the lyrical element and attention to the psychological and everyday details of the life of modern man intensified. These trends were embodied in his new plays, including the play "An Ordinary Miracle"(1956), which became, according to critics, Schwartz's strongest, most brilliant work. He wrote the play for a long time and painfully, changed the titles, redid the dialogues, achieving their depth and aphorism. The theaters at this performance were sold out and a constant success. Because the play is about eternal human values, about fair laws, according to which good triumphs and evil is destroyed.

In 1955-1956 Schwartz kept diary entries that became the basis of his “Phone Book,” a unique form of memoir invented by himself. The Phone Book (first published in full in 1997) contains miniature portraits of contemporaries with whom Schwartz’s creative destiny brought him together, as well as apt characteristics of various Soviet institutions - creative unions, publishing houses, theaters, train stations and other things... The purpose of maintaining the “Phone Book” “Schwartz defined it himself: “I write about living people, whom I examine to the best of my ability in detail and accurately, like a natural phenomenon. I’ve been scared recently that the people of the most difficult times, who under its pressure took or did not take the most complex forms, who changed imperceptibly for themselves or who stubbornly did not notice the changes around them, will disappear...”

His main work in the last years of his life was the script for Don Quixote. Based on this scenario, an excellent film was made, filmed in the vicinity of Koktebel. He received worldwide recognition...

Evgeniy Lvovich Schwartz was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1956), as well as the medals “For the Defense of Leningrad” and “For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War.”

About the writer's work

It is impossible to imagine a complete collection of the writer’s works. Of course, everyone knows Schwartz's fairy tale plays. But they are only a hundredth part of what he created. “I write everything except poetry and denunciations,” said Chekhov, Schwartz’s favorite writer. Schwartz made an exception only for denunciations.

Evgeny Schwartz was a writer who “found himself” very late. The first ten years of his life in literature were filled with trials, attempts, dreams, homemade rhymes, and editorial work. This was not yet a literary, but a literary life - a time of searching for oneself, searching for one’s way into literature. For a long time he did not realize that this path lay through the theater. He groped, he searched, almost without trying to type. After a long search, I found my place in the theater, in drama. Schwartz began his work as a playwright with fairy tales for children's theater. Then he began to write plays for adults, but his plays for adults are also fairy tales. He expressed his thoughts about reality in the conventional language of fairy tales. Schwartz gravitated towards fairy tales because he felt the fabulousness of reality, and this feeling did not leave him throughout his life.

Schwartz treated his own plays without any aspiration. At the age of fifty, he assured his friends that he was only just maturing for real literature. In response to praise for his humor and style, he admitted that he was still learning to write. And Schwartz considered his best work not “Shadow” or “Dragon”, although he loved them, but the drama “One Night” - about how the most ordinary, simple Leningraders experienced the blockade. During Schwartz’s lifetime, it was never staged: it lacked a “heroic element”, so the theater censors did not like it, and Schwartz - who had not shown anyone how difficult it was for him to ban his favorite play - frivolously joked with a friend who was a Zavlit: “We should probably write a play about Ivan the Terrible. I'll call her "Uncle Vanya"...

Frivolity always saved him. What this frivolity cost him - he never told, and perhaps he did not admit to himself. He had an excellent defense of his inner life from prying eyes - humor.

Personal life Evgenia Schwartz.

According to the memoirs of contemporaries, the best proof that Schwartz was a good person was that he was adored by women, children and pets. As one of his friends recalls, he knew how to talk to animals.

And he knew how to play with children, without putting pressure or humiliating them, he was simply equal to them...

As for women, they really adored Schwartz. No one knew how to give compliments and cheer up like he did. Composing silly serenades and delighting with unexpected gifts...

Evgeniy Lvovich’s first love was the petite Armenian beauty Gayane Khalaydzhieva, an actress at the same theater in Rostov-on-Don in which Schwartz played. He was madly in love with the beauty, but she was in no hurry to give him consent to marriage. Schwartz sought it for a long time and achieved it thanks to his extravagant act - in November he jumped into the icy Don in front of his beloved. Evgeniy and Gayane got married, and soon their daughter Natalya was born.

In 1927, second love happened in Eugene’s life. At one of the literary meetings, Schwartz met the brother of his friend Veniamin Kaverin, Alexander. He was with his beautiful wife Ekaterina, who at first sight won the storyteller’s heart. At first, their romance was a secret, but over time, Evgeniy and Catherine found the strength to confess everything to their other halves, freed themselves from their previous marriages and united. They lived in perfect harmony for 30 years - until Schwartz's very last breath. Katerina Ivanovna loved him all her life and did not love him for his plays - and this, oddly enough, Schwartz especially appreciated.

The last years of the writer’s life and death

In 1956, in Leningrad, at the Mayakovsky House, the writer’s sixtieth birthday was celebrated. Actors and writers said all sorts of nice things to him - as always at all anniversaries. And as those present recall, Schwartz was cheerful, lively, active, very friendly with everyone, modest and, it seems, pleased. But soon after that evening he began to feel ill, and then it got worse and worse.

Evgeny Schwartz died on January 15, 1958 in Leningrad from a heart attack at the age of 62. He was buried at the Bogoslovskoye Cemetery in St. Petersburg. The earthly life of the storyteller is over, but the fairy tale of his life continues. His tales are read and watched by both children and adults. They are still relevant, and at the same time truly human.

“Glory to the brave who dare to love, knowing that all this will come to an end. Glory to the madmen who live as if they were immortal - death sometimes retreats from them,” wrote Evgeniy Schwartz in “An Ordinary Miracle.” And indeed, the love embodied in his fairy tales turned out to be endless!

Quotes and aphorisms from Evgeny Schwartz

Let's accept life as it comes.

There is something alive in every person. You have to touch him to the quick - and that’s it.

I beg you, be silent. You are so innocent that you can say absolutely terrible things.

It is easiest to eat a person when he is sick or has gone on vacation.

The only way to get rid of dragons is to have your own.

Children need to be pampered - then they grow up to be real robbers.

When they strangled his wife, he stood nearby and kept repeating: “Well, be patient, maybe it will work out!”

It's such a royal position that it spoils one's character.

The best decoration for a girl is modesty and a transparent dress.

When you lose one of your friends, you temporarily forgive everything to the rest...

Not trusting anything or anyone is death. To understand everything is also death. And indifference is worse than death.

Every dog ​​jumps like crazy when you let it off the chain, and then runs to the kennel.

People do not know the shadow side of things, namely, in the shadows, in the twilight, in the depths, that which gives acuteness to our feelings lurks.

Statements of contemporaries about E. Schwartz

Zhenya Schwartz was a thoughtful artist, with the heart of a poet, he heard and saw more, kinder than many of us. In those years, he was not yet a wizard, he was still just “learning,” but even then we saw and understood how beautifully his talent would unfold.

His lively and subtle wit and mocking mind were combined with kindness, gentleness, humanity and won everyone’s sympathy... We loved Zhenya not just the way we usually love cheerful, easy-going people. He wanted to “raise the culture of jokes to artistic heights,” as he himself said, while putting on an important, significant face.

Olga Forsh, writer

At first glance, this may seem surprising: after all, what Schwartz did was so different, so far from Chekhov’s traditions. And yet, Chekhov was his favorite writer. He read Chekhov's stories, plays, letters, and notebooks many times... Chekhov was for him, as indeed for many of us, a model not only as an artist, but also as a person.

Leonid Panteleev, writer

The plays of Evgeniy Schwartz, no matter in which theater they are staged, have the same fate as flowers, sea surf and other gifts of nature: everyone loves them, regardless of age. When Schwartz wrote his fairy tale for children, “Two Maples,” it turned out that adults also wanted to watch it. When he composed “An Ordinary Miracle” for adults, it turned out that this play, which was a great success at evening performances, should be staged in the morning, because children certainly want to go to it. I think that the secret of the success of Schwartz's fairy tales lies in the fact that, telling about wizards, princesses, talking cats, about a young man turned into a bear, he expresses our thoughts about justice, our idea of ​​happiness, our views on good and evil. The fact is that his fairy tales are real modern, relevant plays.

Nikolai Akimov, theater director

During perestroika, I decided to return to “Dragon,” which I had once staged at the student theater of Moscow State University, back at the end of the thaw. This is a great play. Schwartz, with his pamphlet, wedged himself so deeply into the Nazi consciousness that he found himself on adjacent territory - Bolshevik, communist... In his play, he touched on almost all of our (and not only our) sores and chimeras. When you live under a dragon for a long time, your brain chemistry changes, people are zombified for many years to come. But if you look at it more broadly, the dragon is not only totalitarianism. Every society has its dragons.

Mark Zakharov, theater director

A wonderful writer, gentle towards people and angry towards everything that prevents him from living.

Ilya Erenburg, writer

A personality exceptional in irony, intelligence, kindness and nobility.

Veniamin Kaverin, writer

List of plays and film scripts by Evgeny Schwartz

1928 - Underwood, play in 3 d.
1932 - Trifles, play for puppet theater
1934 - Treasure, play in 3 d.
1934 - The Naked King, a fairy tale in 2 d.
1934 - The Adventures of Hohenstaufen, play
1934 - Wake up Helen, film script, co-author. with N. Oleinikov
1934 - Helen and the Grapes, film script, co-author. with N. Oleinikov
1936 - Little Red Riding Hood, a fairy tale in 3 days.
1938 - Doctor Aibolit, film script
1939 - The Snow Queen, a fairy tale in 4 days.
1939 - Puppet City, play for puppet theater
1940 - Shadow, a fairy tale in 3 days.
1940 - The Tale of Lost Time, a tale in 3 days.
1940 - Brother and Sister, play
1941 - Our Hospitality, play
1941 - Under the Linden Trees of Berlin, play, co-authored. with M. Zoshchenko
1942 - The Far Land, play
1943 - One night, a play in 3 days.
1944 - Dragon, play in 3 d.
1945 - Cinderella, film script
1945 - A Winter's Tale, film script
1946 - The Tale of a Brave Soldier, a play for the puppet theater
1947 - First-grader, film script
1947 - Cain XVIII, film script
1948 - One Hundred Friends, a play for the puppet theater
1953 - Two maples, a play in 3 d.
1953 - Marya the Mistress, film script
1954 - An Ordinary Miracle, a play in 3 d.
1957 - The Tale of Young Spouses, also known as The First Year, a play in 3 d.
1957 - Don Quixote, film script

Read in Public!

Schwartz, E. L. Plays. Fairy tales. Film scripts / E. L. Schwartz; comp. R.V. Grishchenkov. - St. Petersburg: Crystal, 2001. - 575 p. : portrait - (Library of World Literature. Masters of Prose of the 20th Century). Storage location KH; Inv. K-529058

Screen adaptation of works by Evgeny Schwartz

Don Quixote.Scene E. Schwartz. Dir. G. Kozintsev. Comp. K. Karaev. USSR, 1957. Starring: N. Cherkasov, Y. Tolubeev, S. Birman, G. Vitsin, B. Freundlich, L. Vertinskaya, G. Volchek and others.

Cinderella. Scene E. Schwartz. Dir. N. Kosheverova, M. Shapiro. Comp. A. Spadavecchia. USSR, 1947. Starring: Y. Zheimo, A. Konsovsky, E. Garin, V. Merkuryev, F. Ranevskaya, E. Junger and others.

Cain XVIII. Scene E. Schwartz, N. Erdman. Dir. N. Kosheverova, M. Shapiro. Comp. A. Spadavecchia. USSR, 1963. Starring: E. Garin, L. Sukharevskaya, Y. Lyubimov, M. Zharov, A. Demyanenko, R. Zelenaya, B. Freundlich, M. Gluzsky, G. Vitsin, B. Chirkov and others.

Marya the Mistress. Based on the play "Tsar-Vodokrut". Scene E. Schwartz. Dir. A. Rowe. Comp. A. Volkonsky. USSR, 1959. Starring: M. Kuznetsov, N. Myshkova, Vitya Perevalov, A. Kubatsky, G. Millyar and others.

First grader. Dir. I. Fraz. USSR, 1948. Cast: Natasha Zashchipina, T. Makarova and others.

An ordinary miracle. Auto. scenes and director E. Garin, H. Lokshina. Comp. B. Tchaikovsky, L. Rapoport. USSR, 1964. Starring: E. Garin, A. Konsovsky, O. Vidov, G. Georgiu, V. Karavaeva, E. Vesnik, G. Millyar and others.

An ordinary miracle. TV movie. In 2 sir. Auto. scenes and director M. Zakharov. Comp. G. Gladkov. USSR, 1978. Cast: O. Yankovsky, E. Leonov, A. Mironov, I. Kupchenko, E. Simonova, A. Abdulov, V. Larionov, Y. Solomin, E. Vasilyeva and others.

A Tale of Lost Time. Dir. A. Ptushko. Comp. I. Morozov. USSR, 1964. Cast: O. Anofriev, L. Shagalova, R. Zelenaya, S. Kramarov, S. Martinson, G. Vitsin, I. Murzaeva, V. Telegina and others.

A Tale of Lost Time. Musical puppet film-performance. Dir. D. Gendenstein. USSR, 1990.

Snow Queen. Scene E. Schwartz. Dir. G. Kazansky. Comp. N. Simonyan. USSR, 1966. Cast: V. Nikitenko, Lena Proklova, Slava Tsyupa, E. Melnikova, E. Leonov, N. Boyarsky, O. Wiklandt and others.

Shadow. Dir. N. Kosheverova. Comp. A. Eshpai. USSR, 1971. Starring: O. Dal, M. Neelova, A. Vertinskaya, L. Gurchenko, A. Mironov, V. Etush, Z. Gerdt, S. Filippov, G. Vitsin and others.

Shadow, or Maybe everything will be okay. Dir. M. Kozakov. Comp. V. Dashkevich. USSR, 1991. Starring: K. Raikin, M. Neelova, M. Dyuzheva, A. Lazarev, V. Nevinny, S. Mishulin, Yu. Volyntsev, M. Kozakov and others.

Kill the dragon. Scene M. Zakharova, G. Gorina. Dir. M. Zakharov. Comp. G. Gladkov. USSR-Germany, 1988. Cast: A. Abdulov, O. Yankovsky, E. Leonov, V. Tikhonov, A. Zakharova A. Zbruev, S. Farada and others.

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The material was prepared by V. Ilyina, bibliographer of the IBO