Every writer has a work that is considered highest achievement, the apogee of his work, where his talent is fully revealed, and when the name of the writer is mentioned, an association arises with this particular work, for example: L. N. Tolstoy - “War and Peace”, M. Yu. Lermontov - “Hero of Our Time” , A.S. Griboyedov - “Woe from Wit”, etc. For A.S. Pushkin, such a work is undoubtedly “Eugene Onegin”. According to V.G. Belinsky, this novel is “the most beloved child of his [Pushkin’s] imagination,” “to evaluate such a work means to appreciate the poet himself in the entire scope of his creativity.” Indeed, Pushkin’s creation is large in its significance and reality, because in “Eugene Onegin” you can see a historically accurate picture modern poet society, the character of the generation of the period after the war of 1812, to which the poet himself belonged. His idea was to depict the diversity of society of that time, and he succeeded: in the novel we meet both provincial landowners (in the village, “where Eugene was bored”) and the “cream” of secular society (in the first chapter and at the evening in last chapter).
Pushkin's merit lies not only in the fact that he created, to some extent, historical work. As Belinsky notes, the poet was among those few (or rather, according to the critic, there were only two of them - Pushkin and Griboyedov) who moved on to depicting Russian life, before them there were only elements of it - in Krylov, Karamzin, Fonvizin. What was also absolutely new was that in Pushkin we see a special, never before encountered type of novel: if for the reader of the previous generation such a system as superimposing the author’s thoughts on the plot, which is the basis of the work, was acceptable, then in “Eugene Onegin”, on the contrary, the main ones are the reasoning into which the plot is woven. In fact, the author is present in the novel in two capacities: he is both the narrator and the hero. The world depicted in the work is fictional, the characters too, but the Author is “familiar” with them and, thus, becomes one of the main (if not the main) characters. He does not directly participate in the events occurring in the work, but constantly reminds himself of himself, addressing the reader and, as it were, conducting a dialogue with him. He “bursts” into the narrative, disrupts the flow of events with his remarks, or, as they are also called, author’s digressions. Sometimes he really “steps back” from the plot, going into his own memories and philosophical reasoning. Based on them, an idea of ​​the image of the Author is formed. This is a man who has seen a lot in life and is wise with experience; he shares his observations, assessments of high society, people belonging to it, especially women - “inaccessible beauties”; it touches on global issues:
He who lived and thought cannot
Don't despise people in your heart...
...We all look at Napoleons...
There are numerous digressions on the topic of love (“Oh, legs, legs! Where are you now?”), which suggests that the Author experienced it too. As a poet, he talks about art, poetry, its purpose, and even polemicizes with his contemporaries. The author appears before us as a person with formed convictions, therefore he allows himself to be ironic over the opinions of people alien to him, decrying their vulgarity and hypocrisy; he openly ridicules the “county young lady’s album”, false friends who are ready to betray at any moment, etc. The author is confident in his life values and based on them evaluates the other heroes.
There are many opinions on the question of which character Pushkin “reincarnated” as. Some believe that this is Tatyana, but most say: Pushkin speaks in the words of the Author. Both are mistaken: undoubtedly, Tatyana is a sweet, beloved image of Pushkin, and the novel is built on the principle of a story (in general, the narration is told in the first person), the narrator is the Author and, in principle, one can mistake Pushkin and the Author for a single whole . But the Author is the image created by the poet. Pushkin never personally met his heroes, unlike the Author, who even compares himself with them and tells stories from his “biography” related to his acquaintance with them. For example, he finds some similarities between himself and Onegin:
...I became friends with him at that time.
...We both knew the game of passion:
Life tormented both of us;
The heat died down in both hearts...
However, he denies the complete coincidence of their characters:
I'm always happy to notice the difference
Between Onegin and me...
The author in the novel acts as the main judge. His direct comparisons of himself with the heroes or individual phrases and words that indirectly express his attitude to this or that incident, for example, about how Onegin “acted nicely” with Tatyana, is his assessment of the characters’ characters. Without it, the reader would hardly be able to deeply understand them. By expressing his opinion, he helps to understand the characters. If, finding himself somewhat similar to Onegin, he nevertheless emphasizes their “difference” and even specifically rejects the slightest suspicion, then he jealously stands up for Tatyana, she is his “sweet ideal.”
To say that the Author is only a judge means to miss his most important function - “acquaintance”, a description of the heroes of the novel. After all, it is from his lips that the reader learns about the life, character, beliefs, behavior, and actions of this or that hero. The author impartially talks about Onegin’s upbringing and education, which was only enough to
No coercion in conversation
Touch everything lightly
With the learned air of a connoisseur
Remain silent in an important dispute
And make the ladies smile
Fire of unexpected epigrams.
From the Author’s words, you can learn a lot about Eugene: Monsieur l’Abbe, assigned to him in childhood, “taught him everything jokingly, did not bother him with strict morals”; Onegin was familiar with the works of Adam Smith and discussed the development of the state; he went to theaters only to yawn absentmindedly and say something loud that would attract attention; Most successfully and most willingly, he studied the “science of tender passion,” achieving significant success in this area. After such a characterization, the reader quite clearly imagines the main character.
In more detail, in order to explain Tatyana’s character, the Author initiates readers into the circumstances and conditions of her life, points out her passion for novels, which is extremely important for understanding the reason for her love for Onegin.
The novel uses especially widely the technique of characterizing the characters through the words of the character of this novel – the Author. But there are also specific techniques. For example, the disclosure of Lensky’s personality, in addition, of course, to the Author’s story about him, is facilitated by the cited poem, allegedly written by him. Reading it, you can understand that Lensky is an incorrigible romantic, thinking and acting like romantic hero.
A special characteristic is also introduced for Tatyana. The author compares her appearance with nature:
Tatiana…
With her cold beauty
I loved Russian winter...
Another important detail of Onegin’s image is that he has an incredible number of nail care tools. From here the reader draws a conclusion about such a trait as his desire to always look perfect.
So, we can say that every appearance in the novel of the Author, his remarks are caused by the desire to characterize this or that action or character trait of the hero; sometimes discussions turn into memories and statements on other topics. The question arises: why did Pushkin need to introduce the image of the Author into the novel? The image attracts with its integrity, completeness, correctness, it emphasizes the imperfection of all other heroes - in it the poet embodied his ideal of a person and a poet.

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1. The image of the author in the novel “Eugene Onegin” has three facets: the author-character; author-narrator; author - lyrical hero, telling about yourself, your experiences, views, life. Of the many lyrical digressions(“dreamy part”, according to Bestuzhev) one gets an idea of ​​the Author’s character, his way of thinking, experiences, Read More ......
2. V. G. Belinsky wrote about Pushkin’s “Eugene Onegin”: “... one can point to too few works in which the poet’s personality would be reflected with such completeness, light and clarity, as Pushkin’s personality was reflected in “Onegin.” Belinsky thus emphasizes that in the poem Read More ......
3. Fates best heroes the novel is tragic. Is Tatyana right when she says that in the village “happiness was so possible, so close”? Why didn't Lensky's dreams of happiness come true? Lensky dies because he cannot accept living conditions and see the world soberly, he cannot Read More......
4. you are reading work of art, get to know its characters. What next? Learn “images”: “the image of Onegin”, “the image of Lensky”, “the image of Tatyana Larina”? Tell me, you also judge your comrades by “ school characteristics"? Hardly: judgments about a person are formed primarily on the basis of personal Read More ......
5. Author Characteristics literary hero The image of the Author is manifested in numerous “lyrical digressions” of the novel, which are built into a special storyline. Already from chapter 1, the reader understands that A. is persecuted and, possibly, exiled. A. talks about his native St. Petersburg through the sad haze of separation. We Read More......
6. “Eugene Onegin” is one of best works Russian literature of the nineteenth century. In this novel, I was struck by the image of Tatyana Larina. Tatyana's sensitivity, sentimentality, her spiritual sublimity, purity, ability to empathize and understand what others do not see, attracts one to her. Exactly thin Read More......
7. “Eugene Onegin” is perhaps the most difficult work of Russian literature to understand. You can’t say about him in the words of Tvardovsky: “Here are the poems, but everything is clear, everything is in Russian.” The language of this novel (in in a broad sense, not only linguistic) is very difficult for modern reader. Not Read More......
8. Genre originality A. S. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin”: “not a novel, but a novel in verse - a devilish difference.” The predominance of the lyrical principle in the novel narrative. The leading role of the author in the novel. The author as the lyrical center of the narrative. Lyrical digressions present the author as the hero of his own Read More ......

Author and hero in A. S. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin”

Artistic originality The novel "Eugene Onegin" is that one of its characters is the author himself. The novel is full of the poet’s thoughts and reasoning, his feelings, memories of his youth, friends, etc. As S. G. Bocharov notes, “in Onegin we are not allowed to forget about the author... and the objectivity of the novel is constantly turned into an image consciousness, imaginary reality."

In his lyrical digressions, Pushkin touches on literally all sides modern life- education and upbringing, literature and history, theater and actors, fashion, gastronomic delights. He reflects on family relationships, friendship and love, female psychology, different stages human life etc.

However, “Eugene Onegin” is not just “a collection motley chapters", the novel represents an integral harmonious unity. And, as S. G. Bocharov accurately notes, “the unity of the novel is the unity of the author; it is a “novel of the author”, within which lies a “novel of heroes”. Moreover, the author actively intervenes in the action, showing his attitude to what is happening.

All this creates a certain distance between the author and the main character of the novel - Evgeny Onegin. Let's try to see what their similarities and differences are.

What brings the author closer to his hero? First of all, life circumstances. The author and the hero are people of the same circle. Both spent their youth in secular society: balls, theater, friendly parties, novels... “Alas, I have ruined a lot of life for various amusements!” - Pushkin admits artlessly. However, the difference between them is already noticeable here.

From the very beginning of the novel, Onegin appears before us as a secular man, and secular not only in his lifestyle, but also “in spirit”: he feels great in “high” society, he has absorbed secular morality with its hypocrisy, cynicism, false.

From the very beginning, the author sharply separates himself from the secular world. And we notice this thanks to the author’s irony, the subtle intonation of mocking condescension with which the poet describes Onegin’s pastime. Here we guess that this part life path Onegin in in a certain sense has already been “passed” by the author. And the poet himself then confirms this guess. Like Onegin, he became disillusioned with secular pleasures, with the favor of fate, with human generosity:

Life tormented both of us;

The heat died down in both hearts;

Anger awaited both

Blind fortune and people

In the very morning of our days.

Like Onegin, the author perfectly understands how heavy “the conditions of light... are a burden.” The poet describes high society exclusively in ironic tones: the sight of “stately”, “unapproachable” ladies causes a “spleen” in him, their “smart” conversation for him is “unbearable, although innocent nonsense.”

aches”, “inimitable strangeness” and “a sharp, chilled mind”. However, the poet immediately notices the difference: “I was embittered, he was gloomy.” And from this moment on, the differences between them appear more and more clearly and noticeably. Onegin is far from everything Russian and national. He reads European literature, his idols are Byron and Napoleon. He is, in essence, indifferent to Russia; he was raised by a French tutor, instilling in the child European manners, thinking style, and culture. Onegin is a romantic hero of the “European type”. The author is a Russian man in his spirit and attitude, his origins personal development- in Russian culture. He truly loves Russia: both the “night sky over the Neva” and the “ancient chapters” of “white stone Moscow”.

“Not in the Russian way” Onegin is also cynical in the family sphere; family relationships mean practically nothing to him. The novel only mentions his father and uncle, but the hero himself is depicted outside the family. This is how he reacts to the news of his uncle’s imminent death:

Evgeniy on a date right away

Swiftly galloped through the mail

And I already yawned in advance,

Getting ready, for the sake of money,

For sighs, boredom and deception...

Onegin is indifferent to nature: on the third day of his stay in the village, “the grove, the hill and the field no longer occupied Him; Then they induced sleep...” For the author, nature is a source of mental relaxation and “innocent pleasures”:

Flowers, love, village, idleness, Fields! I am devoted to you with my soul. I am always glad to notice the difference between Onegin and me.

The theme of creativity gradually arises here. Onegin is indifferent to poetry: he cannot distinguish “iamb” from “trochee”, he scolds Homer and Theocritus. He tried to read books and write, but “nothing came out of his pen.” However, the theme of creativity is understood here more broadly. The hero is deprived creativity in life in general. “European ideals” are unfruitful; the “philosophy of human consumption of the world” cannot generate anything viable or original. The poet finds an endless source of inspiration in life itself; he is reverently attentive to the voice of his lyre, to the impulses of inspiration that give rise to “creative dreams.”

The author and the hero also differ in their attitude to life. Onegin does not believe in the possibility of happiness. The consequence of his life experience is self-confidence and categoricalness. It is these qualities that manifest themselves in Onegin’s relationship with Tatyana.

But pitiful is the one who foresees everything,

Whose head isn't spinning?

Who is all the movements, all the words

In their translation hates,

Whose heart has been cooled by experience?

And forbade anyone to forget!

“Young inspiration does not allow the poet’s soul to cool down, harden, harden, and finally turn to stone.” The hero is deprived of this life-giving source.

Onegin does not realize how attractive simplicity and naturalness are in a woman, but for Pushkin these traits are the ideal. On the pages of the novel, the poet repeatedly speaks of his preference, contrasting Tatyana with frivolous coquettes:

The coquette judges in cold blood,

Tatiana loves seriously

And he surrenders unconditionally

Love like a sweet child.

For Onegin, “freedom and peace are a substitute for happiness.” For the author, happiness is “clarity of soul”, “for the good pure love"", "young inspiration", "unceremonious friends" and "stormy love desires", "home circle", "walks, reading, deep sleep, forest shade, the murmuring of streams" - all the variety of feelings, thoughts and activities that gives a person life.

Suffering from endless boredom, Onegin, in essence, does not think about the meaning of human existence. The author reflects on this deeply and seriously:

Without an inconspicuous trace

I would be sad to leave the world.

I live and write not for praise;

But I think I would like

To glorify your sad lot,

So that about me, like a faithful friend,

I remembered at least a single sound.

...Evgeniy,

Loving the young man with all my heart,

Had to prove myself

Not a ball of prejudice,

Not an ardent boy, a fighter,

But a husband with honor and intelligence.

He could discover feelings

And don’t bristle like an animal;

He had to disarm

Young heart...

The author lives in harmony with his natural rhythm, with his age - every time of his life is marked by the conformity of feelings, emotions and actions, filled deep meaning in a universal human context, was perceived by him as an invaluable spiritual experience:

So, my noon has come, and I need

I have to admit it, I see.

Well, so be it: let's say goodbye together,

Oh my easy youth!

Thank you for the pleasures

For sadness, for sweet torment,

For the noise, for the storms, for the feasts,

For everything, for all your gifts;

Thank you. by you,

Among anxiety and in silence,

I enjoyed it... and completely;

Enough! With a clear soul

I am now setting out on a new path

Take a break from your past life.

Onegin never existed in harmony with his natural rhythm. At the beginning of the novel, in his youth, he is a “spiritual old man”; at the end of the novel, having become a mature man, he gains the “hope of youth.” “Blessed is he who was young from his youth, Blessed is he who matured in time,” says Pushkin. It is this natural-reasonable harmony that Onegin is deprived of, trying to deceive nature, betraying youth, love, and “fresh dreams.” Onegin's youth, the spring of his life, as M. Lazukova notes, turned into a “rotten autumn.” And nature seems to be taking revenge on the hero for neglecting her laws: he passes by his happiness, by love, by all that was his salvation, which was the key to the restoration of spiritual and natural harmony.

Both the image of the author and the image of Onegin change in the process of narration and undergo a certain evolution. At the beginning of the novel we see the author as a young man, lively, natural, free, cheerful and cheerful, almost an epicurean. The poet talks about his love for the theater, admires the splendor and festive bustle of balls, recalls past romances, admires feminine beauty. Calling on humor and irony to help, the author conducts a frank conversation with the reader, even introducing him to the “form of the plan.”

At the end of the novel, after eight years, the poet appears before us as a mature man who has acquired life experience, wisdom, new look on things.

No matter what feelings are hidden

Then in me - now they are not:

They have passed or changed...

Peace to you, worries of past years!

Onegin’s spiritual appearance also changes in the novel. At the beginning of the novel, he is an ordinary socialite, but at the end, he is a man capable of lively and strong feelings.

Pushkin ends his novel with an address to the reader:

God grant that in this book you

For fun, for dreams,

For the heart, for journal errors

Although I could find a grain,

We'll part ways for this, sorry!

Thus, Pushkin’s hero differs in many ways from the author, whose worldview is calm and harmonious, whose life is inspired by creative search, poetic work, and communication with friends. Onegin's life is empty, he is an eternal wanderer in the Russian land. Pushkin leaves him the opportunity spiritual rebirth, the ability to find love, but happiness is forever lost for him. Onegin's tragedy is not in his life circumstances, but, above all, in his worldview.

Bocharov S. G. Decree. op. P. 118. 5-4904

Dostoevsky F. M. Pushkin. Essay. - In the book: Bright name

Who main character novel "Eugene Onegin"? The answer to this question seems quite clear: of course, the one whose name Pushkin named his book; Of course, Evgeniy - who else? Even Tatyana, even Lensky play less in the novel important role, and even more so Olga, the old Larins, landowner neighbors, secular dandies, peasants... And in school textbooks we read: the main character of the novel is Eugene Onegin, a typical young nobleman of the early 19th century. This, of course, is correct: without Onegin the novel would not have existed.
The entire first chapter, it would seem, talks about Onegin: his childhood, youth, habits, entertainment, friends. The epigraph to this chapter - “And he is in a hurry to live and in a hurry to feel” - is also about Onegin. But, if we read the chapter more carefully, we will see that there is not one, but two heroes: Onegin and the author. Not only are they given almost an equal number of stanzas, we learn a lot about each of them - almost as much about the author as about the hero.
They are similar in many ways; it is not for nothing that Pushkin will immediately say about Onegin: “my good friend.” But they also have a lot of different things. It is difficult, of course, to compare a great man who actually lived with another created by his imagination, and yet the author looks brighter, smarter, more significant than a person which we call " typical representative"of his era!
IN early XIX century was supposed to begin a great poetic work with a solemn introduction, addressing the gods, higher powers. As Homer began his Iliad:
Wrath, goddess, sing to Achilles, son of Peleus...
Or as Pushkin himself began his ode “Liberty”:
Run, hide from sight,
Cytheras are a weak queen!
Where are you, where are you, thunderstorm of kings,
Freedom's proud singer?..
That's how it was supposed to be. But Pushkin begins his novel in verse in a completely different way. He takes a line from Krylov’s fable “The Donkey and the Peasant,” familiar to every one of his contemporaries: “The donkey was the most fair rules..." - and reworks this line in his own way. Immediately, from the very first line, he boldly opposes what is outdated, what hinders the development of literature, what he hates: against the rules and laws that constrain the writer - for freedom of thought, freedom of creativity. He is not afraid of anyone: neither critics, nor scientists, nor even some of his writer friends, who, of course, will not approve of such a beginning.
So, the novel begins almost without any introduction - with the hero’s thoughts about his deceased uncle. After all, the expression “forced to respect oneself” in those days meant “died” (now we say, for example, “ordered to live long”). At the same time, Onegin complains about how burdensome the presence of a seriously ill person is for loved ones, because they have to:
Adjust the pillows for him.
It's sad to bring medicine,
Sigh and think to yourself:
When will the devil take you!
Does Pushkin himself approve of Onegin’s behavior and thoughts? We cannot yet answer this question. But further, reading the novel, we still learn what Pushkin thinks about Onegin, and how he looks at family relationships accepted in the world, and what kind of people he likes, who he hates and why, what he laughs at, what loves with whom he fights... The poet finds the most precise, most convincing words to explain how Eugene was raised incorrectly: he does not know how to feel, suffer, or rejoice. But he knows how to “be a hypocrite, appear, appear”; but like many secular people, knows how to get bored, languish...
This is how Pushkin and Onegin perceive theater differently, for example. For Pushkin, the St. Petersburg theater is “ magical land", about which he dreams in exile:
Will I hear your choirs again?
Will I see the Russian Terpsichore
Soul-filled flight?
And Onegin “enters, walks between the chairs along the legs, the double lorgnette, slanting, points at the boxes of unfamiliar ladies...”, barely looking at the stage “in great absent-mindedness,” he has already “turned away and yawned.”
Or, for example, the attitude towards the Russian language. There are a lot of foreign words in the first chapter: Madame, Monsieur, dandy, vale and so on. And the words are from different languages: French, English, Latin... Maybe it’s difficult for Pushkin to do without them? In stanza XXVI he himself writes:
And I see, I apologize to you,
Well, my poor syllable is already
I could have been much less colorful
In foreign words...
Reading the second, third and other chapters, we are convinced: Pushkin the poet does not really need “foreign words” at all; he gets along perfectly well without them. But Onegin needs it. Pushkin can speak Russian brilliantly, witty, richly, but his hero speaks in a secular “mixed” language, where English is intertwined with French and where you won’t understand what kind of native language your interlocutor.
Evgeny Onegin - a certain stage in the development of Russian public consciousness. He is the embodiment of European consciousness: European culture, education, rationalism. The author emphasizes the hero's alienation from national life, but appreciates in Onegin strengths, first of all, the need to comprehend oneself as a person.
While working on the second chapter, Pushkin did not yet know that soon - not even a year would pass - he would be forced to settle in this “lovely corner”, exiled, under surveillance. But he had long known that the Russian village was not nearly as beautiful as it seemed to the uninitiated eye. Back in 1819, having arrived in Mikhailovskoye for the second time in his life, twenty-year-old Pushkin saw not only the beauty of Russian nature (poem “Village”, 1819):
But a terrible thought here darkens the soul:
Among flowering fields and mountains
A friend of humanity sadly remarks
Everywhere ignorance is a disastrous shame.
Without seeing the tears, without listening to the groan,
Chosen by fate for the destruction of people,
Here the nobility is wild, without feeling, without law,
Appropriated by a violent vine
And labor, and property, and the time of the farmer...
Such a Russian village of the 19th century was preserved in the mind and heart of the poet. Pushkin describes the village with irony in Eugene Onegin. Thus, Uncle Onegin’s house is called a “venerable castle,” although it is furnished very modestly: “two wardrobes, a table, a down sofa...”.
Onegin is a stranger in the village. He is from another life, lives by different rules:
“Our neighbor is ignorant; crazy;
He is a pharmacist; he drinks one
A glass of red wine;
He doesn't suit ladies' arms;
Everything is yes and no; won't say yes
Or no, sir.” That was the general voice.
These accusations are familiar to us: “I was drinking glasses of champagne. - Bottles, sir, and big ones. “No, sir, in barrels of forties,” this is how Famusov’s guests talked about Chatsky. In “Woe from Wit,” the deaf old woman Countess Grandmother did not hear a sound from what Zagoretsky told her about Chatsky, but she found the same words as Onegin’s neighbors: “What? To the pharmacists for bread? Has he become a Basurman? During his southern exile, Pushkin himself joined the Chisinau Masonic organization. Among the Freemasons there were many progressive people, future Decembrists, which is why Famusov’s guests and Onegin’s neighbors hated them so much.
One can compare Onegin with Pushkin, Chaadaev, Kaverin - with the smartest, outstanding people of his era. But Eugene is not like these people, their knowledge, their talents, their ability to understand life and act are inaccessible to him, although he is much higher than the average person in his circle - we are convinced of this by reading the second chapter. And this is something his circle does not forgive him for.

The most favorite piece Pushkin's novel "Eugene Onegin", on which he worked for many years, Belinsky called "an encyclopedia of Russian life." According to the poet, the novel was the fruit of “a mind of cold observations and a heart of sorrowful notes”; it, indeed, gives a picture of all layers of Russian society.

In Pushkin's work, the novel "Eugene Onegin" occupies central place. This is the largest work of art by A.S. Pushkin. It is rich in content, one of the most popular works poet, which had the most strong influence on the fate of all Russian literature.

Main character novel - the young landowner Evgeny Onegin - a man with a very complex and contradictory nature. It is not so easy to establish how the author himself feels about him. The tone of Pushkin's story about him is ironic almost until the very end of the novel. Maybe because the author also talks about himself. The poet does not hide his shortcomings and does not try to justify them. Already in the epigraph to the novel, Pushkin expresses doubt about the justice of the feeling of superiority with which Onegin treated those around him. And at the same time, we learn in the first chapter that Pushkin himself became friends with Onegin, that the poet “liked his features,” that he spent nights with Onegin on the Neva embankment, remembering his youth, his former love, listening to the singing of the rowers of a boat floating along the river ... Having cited in the eighth chapter sharply unkind reviews of Onegin from some secular acquaintance of his, the poet decisively stands up for his hero, emphasizes his ardent and careless soul, his intelligence and almost identifies him with himself when he says:

"But it's sad to think that it's in vain
youth was given to us,
that they cheated on her all the time,
that she deceived us..."

The images of the main character and the author in the novel create lyrical digressions. If you read more carefully, you can see that there is not one main character, but two: Onegin and Pushkin. We learn almost as much about the author as we do about Eugene Onegin. They are similar in many ways; it is not for nothing that Pushkin immediately said about Evgeniy that he is “my good friend.” Pushkin writes about himself and Onegin:

We both knew the game of passion;
Life tormented both of us;
The heat in both hearts has faded...

The author, like the hero, tired of the bustle, cannot help but despise people of the world in his soul, tormented by memories of his bright, carefree youth. Pushkin likes Onegin’s “sharp, chilled mind” and his dissatisfaction with himself. The author and his hero are people of the same generation and approximately the same type of upbringing: both had French tutors, both spent their youth in St. Petersburg society, they have common acquaintances and friends. Even their parents have similarities: Pushkin’s father, like Onegin’s father, “lived in debt...”. Summarizing, Pushkin writes:

"We all learned a little,
something and somehow
but education, thank God,
It’s no wonder to shine here.”

The poet also notes his difference from Onegin. Onegin does not understand nature, but the author dreams of a quiet, calm life in paradise where he could enjoy nature. Pushkin knows how to rejoice in what Onegin is so bored and disgusted with. For Onegin, love is “the science of tender passion”, Pushkin has a different attitude towards women, it is accessible to him real passion and love. The world of Onegin and Pushkin is a world of social dinners, luxurious entertainment, and balls. The author sharply criticizes the St. Petersburg high society. It is not easy for Pushkin to live, much more difficult than for Onegin. Onegin is disappointed in life, he has no friends, no creativity, no love, no joy, Pushkin has all this, but no freedom - he is expelled from St. Petersburg, he does not belong to himself. Onegin doesn’t need anything, and that’s his tragedy.

No matter how different Pushkin and Onegin are, they are united by dissatisfaction with the way Russian reality is structured. The smart, mocking poet was a real citizen, a man who was not indifferent to the fate of his country. Pushkin dreamed of making Onegin a Decembrist, and this reflected all his respect for his hero.

Despite these obvious similarities, there is also a noticeable difference between them. The difference between them is that Pushkin is a poet, and Onegin “could not distinguish an iambic from a trochee.” Even “the village where Eugene was bored...” Pushkin really likes, he says that “the village was a lovely corner...”. To Onegin, “in the wilderness, everything is boring in the village,” and the author says:

I was born for a peaceful life
For village silence...

With this comparison, Pushkin is still trying to “separate” himself from Onegin. Throughout the novel, the author compares his views and Onegin's. Yes, in the work the author and his hero are friends, but a very large gulf separates them. We see how Pushkin, with his hot, life-loving nature, wholeheartedly denies the coldness and indifference of Onegin. The author understands that Onegin was infected with such coldness secular society, however, Pushkin also comes from the same environment, but has his spirit weakened, has his heart cooled?

The contrast of characters manifests itself not only in attitude towards life, but also in attitude towards people. For Pushkin, Tatyana is a sweet, “true ideal,” and Onegin considers her nothing more than a “naive girl.” In response to her reverent declaration of love, Tatyana hears from the “callous” Onegin only a sermon and nothing else. Pushkin sympathizes with Tatyana, he writes:

I love you so much
My dear Tatiana!

It is because of her that Pushkin enters into an argument with public opinion. The author reveals to us in one of the lyrical digressions his ideal of a woman. Pushkin's woman "is gifted from heaven with a rebellious imagination, a lively mind and will, a wayward head, and a fiery and tender heart." The poet devoted many lyrical digressions cultural life Russia.

Onegin's character, it must be kept in mind, does not remain unchanged; it changes under the influence of the events described by Pushkin in the novel. Significant changes take place in him, and Onegin is no longer at all the same as we see him in six chapters, in the eighth and last chapter of the novel. IN recent years Throughout the life of the poet himself, numerous changes also occurred in his character. Throughout the entire novel, the author is close to Onegin: he experiences what is happening together with him, and sometimes tries to condemn or understand him. They are like one whole. While Pushkin was writing the novel “Eugene Onegin”, he became very accustomed to it:

First Onegin's language
I was embarrassed; but I'm used to it -
To his caustic argument,
And as a joke, with bile in half,
And the anger of gloomy epigrams.

At the end of the novel, Pushkin again turns his gaze to those whom he loved in his youth and to whom he remained faithful in heart throughout his short but fruitful life. Therefore, having finished the novel, the poet felt a sense of pride from the perfect literary feat - the creation of the first Russian realistic novel. But, missing his usual, long-term occupation and feeling lonely without it, the poet was sad, like a day laborer who finished his job and did not receive a new one. After all, Pushkin spent whole days and nights in this difficult and joyful work, without leaving home.

Pushkin’s most favorite work is the novel “Eugene Onegin,” which he worked on for many years; Belinsky called it “an encyclopedia of Russian life.” According to the poet, the novel was the fruit of “a mind of cold observations and a heart of sorrowful notes”; it, indeed, gives a picture of all layers of Russian society.

In Pushkin’s work, the novel “Eugene Onegin” occupies a central place. This is the largest work of art by A.S. Pushkin. It is rich in content, one of the poet’s most popular works, which had the strongest influence on the fate of all Russian literature.

The main character of the novel is the young landowner Evgeny Onegin - a man with a very complex and contradictory character. It is not so easy to establish how the author himself feels about him. The tone of Pushkin's story about him is ironic almost until the very end of the novel. Maybe because the author also talks about himself. The poet does not hide his shortcomings and does not try to justify them. Already in the epigraph to the novel, Pushkin expresses doubt about the justice of the feeling of superiority with which Onegin treated those around him. And at the same time, we learn in the first chapter that Pushkin himself became friends with Onegin, that the poet “liked his features,” that he spent nights with Onegin on the Neva embankment, remembering his youth, his former love, listening to the singing of the rowers of a boat floating along the river ... Having cited in the eighth chapter sharply unkind reviews of Onegin from some secular acquaintance of his, the poet decisively stands up for his hero, emphasizes his ardent and careless soul, his intelligence and almost identifies him with himself when he says:

“But it’s sad to think that it’s in vain

youth was given to us,

that they cheated on her all the time,

that she deceived us...”

The images of the main character and the author in the novel create lyrical digressions. If you read more carefully, you can see that there is not one main character, but two: Onegin and Pushkin. We learn almost as much about the author as we do about Eugene Onegin. They are similar in many ways; it is not for nothing that Pushkin immediately said about Evgeniy that he is “my good friend.” Pushkin writes about himself and Onegin:

We both knew the game of passion;

Life tormented both of us;

The heat died down in both hearts...

The author, like the hero, tired of the bustle, cannot help but despise people of the world in his soul, tormented by memories of his bright, carefree youth. Pushkin likes Onegin’s “sharp, chilled mind”, his dissatisfaction with himself. The author and his hero are people of the same generation and approximately the same type of upbringing: both had French tutors, both spent their youth in St. Petersburg society, they have common acquaintances and friends. Even their parents have similarities: Pushkin’s father, like Onegin’s father, “lived in debt...”. Summarizing, Pushkin writes:

“We all learned a little,

something and somehow

but education, thank God,

It’s no wonder to shine here.”

The poet also notes his difference from Onegin. Onegin does not understand nature, but the author dreams of a quiet, calm life in a corner of paradise where he could enjoy nature. Pushkin knows how to rejoice in what Onegin is so bored and disgusted with. For Onegin, love is “the science of tender passion”; Pushkin has a different attitude towards women; real passion and love are available to him. The world of Onegin and Pushkin is a world of social dinners, luxurious entertainment, and balls. The author sharply criticizes the St. Petersburg high society. It is not easy for Pushkin to live, much more difficult than for Onegin. Onegin is disappointed in life, he has no friends, no creativity, no love, no joy, Pushkin has all this, but no freedom - he is expelled from St. Petersburg, he does not belong to himself. Onegin doesn’t need anything, and that’s his tragedy.

No matter how different Pushkin and Onegin are, they are united by dissatisfaction with the way Russian reality is structured. The smart, mocking poet was a real citizen, a man who was not indifferent to the fate of his country. Pushkin dreamed of making Onegin a Decembrist, and this reflected all his respect for his hero.

Despite these obvious similarities, there is also a noticeable difference between them. The difference between them is that Pushkin is a poet, and Onegin “could not distinguish an iambic from a trochee.” Even “the village where Eugene was bored...” Pushkin really likes, he says that “the village was a lovely corner...”. Onegin “in the wilderness, everything is boring in the village,” and the author says:

I was born for a peaceful life

For village silence...

With this comparison, Pushkin is still trying to “separate” himself from Onegin. Throughout the novel, the author compares his views and Onegin's. Yes, in the work the author and his hero are friends, but a very large gulf separates them. We see how Pushkin, with his hot, life-loving nature, wholeheartedly denies the coldness and indifference of Onegin. The author understands that secular society infected Onegin with such coldness, however, Pushkin also comes from the same environment, but has his spirit weakened, has his heart cooled?

The contrast of characters manifests itself not only in attitude towards life, but also in attitude towards people. For Pushkin, Tatyana is a sweet, “true ideal,” and Onegin considers her nothing more than a “naive girl.” In response to her reverent declaration of love, Tatyana hears from the “callous” Onegin only a sermon and nothing else. Pushkin sympathizes with Tatyana, he writes:

...I love you so much

My dear Tatiana!

It is because of her that Pushkin comes into conflict with public opinion. The author reveals to us in one of the lyrical digressions his ideal of a woman. Pushkin’s woman “is gifted from heaven with a rebellious imagination, a living mind and will, and a wayward head, and a fiery and tender heart.” The poet devoted many lyrical digressions to the cultural life of Russia.

Onegin's character, it must be kept in mind, does not remain unchanged; it changes under the influence of the events described by Pushkin in the novel. Significant changes take place in him, and Onegin is no longer at all the same as we see him in six chapters, in the eighth and last chapter of the novel. In the last years of his life, the poet himself also underwent numerous changes in his character. Throughout the entire novel, the author is close to Onegin: he experiences what is happening together with him, and sometimes tries to condemn or understand him. They are like one whole. While Pushkin was writing the novel “Eugene Onegin,” he became very accustomed to it:

First Onegin's language

I was embarrassed; but I'm used to it -

To his caustic argument,

And as a joke, with bile in half,

And the anger of gloomy epigrams.

At the end of the novel, Pushkin again turns his gaze to those whom he loved in his youth and to whom he remained faithful in heart throughout his short but fruitful life. Therefore, having finished the novel, the poet felt a sense of pride from the accomplished literary feat - the creation of the first Russian realistic novel. But, missing his usual, long-term occupation and feeling lonely without it, the poet was sad, like a day laborer who finished his job and did not receive a new one. After all, Pushkin spent whole days and nights in this difficult and joyful work, without leaving home.