Features of the depiction of the inner world of heroes of the 19th century. The inner world of man in literature

The most characteristic feature of Russian literature of the 19th century is its detailed depiction of the human soul. It was this feature that made the works of Russian classics famous and popular.

Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Chekhov are great analysts of human souls. Reading their works, the reader becomes an involuntary witness not only of the events and storyline, but also of the spiritual content of a person. The reader gets acquainted with the most intimate thoughts and feelings. This turns him from an outside observer into an accomplice who empathizes with the characters; the reader plunges so deeply into the inner world of the characters that he begins to feel joy, shame, jealousy, resentment, and despair with them.

Let's look at the heroes of A.P. Chekhov. They are convex and speak eloquently about the problems of man and society. Their appearance ridicules vices, reveals a person’s shortcomings, and this effect is achieved through the author’s painstaking work on a detailed description of the inner world of each character and observation of the evolution of feelings.

Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy is a great writer who analyzes the human soul, human relationships and the spirituality of society as a whole. More than one generation of readers has been thinking about the value of family and family relationships, empathizing with the characters in the novels “War and Peace” and “Anna Karenina”. He, an elderly count, was able to describe all the experiences of a young girl’s soul, drawing on the pages the image of Natasha Rostova. It is the description of the inner world that makes Natasha so close and understandable to every reader.

Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky is the greatest master of psychological analysis. The writer without hesitation exposes all the dirt and insignificance of a person, shows without pretense all the worst qualities and basest desires. Watching his heroes, it is impossible not to think about the meaning of human existence, about crime, punishment and the cost of human life.

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essay on the topic: what are the features of the depiction of the inner world of heroes of Russian literature of the 19th century, please give me the link and I received the best answer

Answer from KILLER[newbie]
One of the important features of Russian literature of the 19th century is its close attention to the human soul. It can be rightly stated that the main hero of this century was the human personality in all the diversity of its facets.
A person with his actions and thoughts, feelings and desires was constantly in the center of attention of the masters of words. Writers of different times tried to look into the most secret corners of the human soul, to find the true reasons for many of his actions. In depicting the inner world of a person’s personality, Russian realist writers such as Chekhov, Tolstoy, Ostrovsky, Dostoevsky, Turgenev and others reached unprecedented heights. They were able to open other dimensions in a person’s soul and truthfully describe his innermost thoughts. It is precisely because of their sincere interest in the inner world of the hero that the works of such writers are quite rightly called psychological.
Classic writers created artistic images so different from each other that you can’t help but think about how multifaceted and varied the fate of people is.
Dostoevsky is a writer who explores man in detail, step by step. Thus, the hero of the novel “White Nights” by Makar Devushkin can be classified as a lone dreamer. Even to his beloved, Nastenka, he does not hide, he says that he will always be alone, on his own. And he further admits that in his thoughts he creates grandiose stories, lives a busy life, but in reality he is burdened by service and tries to hide in an “impregnable corner.”
True love in Dostoevsky allows the characters to open up and allows the writer to fully express the inner world of his characters. Thus, Makar already appears as a noble and valiant hero, but still as weak-willed, immersed in the world of his imagination.
Tolstoy in his story “Youth” shows to the smallest detail the inner world of a young man exploring his life path and going through the stage of formation. The writer masterfully uses methods of introspection and internal self-talk to broadly reflect this difficult time in a person’s life.
Chekhov is another one of the professionals in “dissecting” the human soul. Here is the hero of his story “Tosca” - a simple village man Jonah, who by the will of fate was thrown into the city. But he is capable of deeply feeling, experiencing, suffering from grief and loneliness, from the aimlessness of his existence.
His son died after a serious illness. Jonah is looking for sympathy and understanding in his grief, but none of those around him are able to even imagine that the cab driver has a soul. Neither the gentlemen, nor even his comrades in position pay any attention to his attempts to speak out. As a result, the unfortunate man pours out his soul to his old horse, since this is the only living creature that is ready to listen to him.
Chekhov mercilessly reveals the most hidden negative qualities of people - hypocrisy, deceit, envy and flattery. His short, but right on target stories seem to open the door to the real world.
The worldwide fame of Chekhov, the doctor of human souls, is associated with the image of the Russian intelligentsia, immersed in itself. People unadapted to the new life, who are burdened by the soulless and mundane world of profit.
The peculiarity of the reflection of the inner world of the characters of Russian fiction of the 19th century can definitely be called the uncertainty, soul-searching, helplessness, hesitation, as well as vanity and arrogance characteristic of the intelligentsia of that time. However, all these qualities have not lost their relevance today.

Answer from Yergey Gurin[expert]
The focus of 19th century writers is on a person with a rich spiritual life and a changeable inner world. The new hero reflects the state of the individual in an era of social transformation. The authors do not ignore the complex conditioning of the development of the human psyche by the external material environment. The main feature of the depiction of the world of heroes of Russian literature is psychologism, that is, the ability to show a change in the hero’s soul
In the center of various works we see “extra people”: Chatsky, Onegin, Pechorin, Oblomov, Rudin.
Each writer had his own favorite methods and techniques - Tolstoy - “dialectics of the soul”, Turgenev - internal and external psychologism, Dostoevsky portrayed the hero through an idea
Russian literature includes psychologism as a way of characterizing a hero; the first, rightfully, can be called Lermontov (“Hero of Our Time”), although in Pushkin’s “Tales of Belkin” there are already signs of psychologism. These traditions will be developed and continued by Gogol and Dostoevsky, the soul of the hero will become the main object of research. Everything in the work of these writers is subordinated to the indicated goals: a psychologized portrait, a landscape. Tolstoy will show in his books the “dialectics of the soul” of the heroes. In addition, the voices of revolutionary democrats are beginning to sound very loudly.
Chekhov reveals the least favorite qualities of people, such as hypocrisy and flattery. And through it all, he remains concise in his prose. He rather does not tell the whole story, but rather opens the door to reality. His characters are often more negative than positive, not because of their anger, but because of how they try to survive in this world.
Chekhov's worldwide fame is associated with the images of Russian intellectuals - self-absorbed. People unadapted to life, oppressed by the soulless, uncultured world of profit.
The peculiarity of the depiction of the inner world of the heroes of Russian literature of the 19th century is that the intelligentsia of that time, which most often were the heroes, were characterized by soul-searching, hesitation, uncertainty and helplessness, vanity and intellectual arrogance. All the same things that are largely characteristic of the modern intelligentsia.

Answer from Elena Dubova[newbie]
Russian literature is a literature of deep psychological analysis.
One of the traditions of Russian classical literature is attention to the inner life of a person, to his thoughts and feelings.
F. M. Dostoevsky is a writer who thoroughly studied man.
Thus, the main character of "White Nights" Makar Devushkin belongs to the type of lonely "dreamers".
He says to his beloved, Nastenka: “I am on my own, that is, alone, completely alone.”
And he admits that in his imagination he creates entire novels, lives a rich life, but in reality he is only burdened by service and tries to hide from life in an “impregnable corner.”
Dostoevsky's feeling of love helps the heroes to open up and allows the writer to fully reflect the inner world of his heroes. Thus, Makar Devushkin in love appears as a noble and selfless hero, but, unfortunately, weak-willed, living in a world of his own illusions.
L. N. Tolstoy in the story “Youth” analyzes the inner world of a young man experiencing the path of formation.
The writer widely uses the technique of introspection and internal monologue to fully reflect this difficult stage in a person’s life.
A.P. Chekhov is another master of “internal analysis.”
The hero of his story “Tosca” (1886) - the village peasant Jonah - is endowed with the ability to deeply feel, suffer, suffer from grief and a feeling of loneliness, from the meaninglessness of his existence.
We learn that Jonah's son died after a serious illness.
As a result, he pours out his soul to his horse - the only close creature and reliable friend who is always ready, albeit silently, to listen.
Thus, attention to the inner life of a person is one of the distinctive features of Russian literature of the 19th century.
Writers strive to show that every person is capable of deeply feeling, that he is endowed with a living soul, that he can suffer and rejoice.
Love and grief are the two strongest emotions through which Russian writers reveal the inner world of their heroes and show the peculiarities of their worldview and worldview.

One of the important features of Russian literature of the 19th century is its close attention to the human soul. It can be rightly stated that the main hero of this century was the human personality in all the diversity of its facets.

Russian realist writers such as: Chekhov, Tolstoy, Ostrovsky, Dostoevsky, Turgenev and others. They were able to open other dimensions in a person’s soul and truthfully describe his innermost thoughts. It is precisely because of their sincere interest in the inner world of the hero that the works of such writers are quite rightly called psychological.

Classic writers created artistic images so different from each other that you can’t help but think about how multifaceted and varied the fate of people is.

Dostoevsky is a writer who explores man in detail, step by step. Thus, the hero of the novel “White Nights” by Makar Devushkin can be classified as a lone dreamer. Even to his beloved, Nastenka, he does not hide, he says that he will always be alone, on his own. And he further admits that in his thoughts he creates grandiose stories, lives a busy life, but in reality he is burdened by service and tries to hide in an “impregnable corner.”
True love in Dostoevsky allows the characters to open up and allows the writer to fully express the inner world of his characters. Thus, Makar already appears as a noble and valiant hero, but still as weak-willed, immersed in the world of his imagination.
Tolstoy in his story “Youth” shows to the smallest detail the inner world of a young man exploring his life path and going through the stage of formation. The writer masterfully uses methods of introspection and internal self-talk to broadly reflect this difficult time in a person’s life.

Chekhov is another one of the professionals in “dissecting” the human soul. Here is the hero of his story “Tosca” - a simple village man Jonah, who by the will of fate was thrown into the city. But he is capable of deeply feeling, experiencing, suffering from grief and loneliness, from the aimlessness of his existence.
His son died after a serious illness. Jonah is looking for sympathy and understanding in his grief, but none of those around him are able to even imagine that the cab driver has a soul. Neither the gentlemen, nor even his comrades in position pay any attention to his attempts to speak out. As a result, the unfortunate man pours out his soul to his old horse, since this is the only living creature that is ready to listen to him.

Chekhov mercilessly reveals the most hidden negative qualities of people - hypocrisy, deceit, envy and flattery. His short, but right on target stories seem to open the door to the real world.
The worldwide fame of Chekhov, the doctor of human souls, is associated with the image of the Russian intelligentsia, immersed in itself. People unadapted to the new life, who are burdened by the soulless and mundane world of profit.

The peculiarity of the reflection of the inner world of the characters of Russian fiction of the 19th century can definitely be called the uncertainty, soul-searching, helplessness, hesitation, as well as vanity and arrogance characteristic of the intelligentsia of that time. However, all these qualities have not lost their relevance today.

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At all times, the greatest works of literature have paid great attention to the inner world of the heroes, their feelings, their experiences, their emotions. But, in my opinion, this is especially noticeable in the literature of the nineteenth century. After all, the heritage of Russian literature is the works of such wonderful and great writers as Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Chekhov, Ostrovsky, Turgenev, it is interesting to read in any century and in any country. The stories and novels of these writers have been translated into a huge number of languages. They are still used to make films and stage plays. How can one explain such immortality?

First of all, by the fact that in the works of these writers, the human soul, with its individuality, worries and experiences, comes first. The soul and inner world at all times represent the main value for a person. The opportunity to look into the soul of literary heroes, to find out what was most important in the distant nineteenth century, still attracts many. After all, the main thing in the souls of the people of that era were eternal questions, to which each writer gives his own thoughts and comprehensive answers.

At all times, people have been concerned with such questions and feelings as love, devotion, duty, honor, good, evil, immortal soul, self-esteem. Reading the works of writers of the nineteenth century, you understand that no matter what difficult financial situation the characters found themselves in, they did not forget about their honor, about what those closest to them would say about them if they made the wrong choice, and how this could be avoided. In these works there are no people who are ready to “go over their heads” to achieve their own benefit. Unfortunately, in the modern world there are a lot of such people and they have completely forgotten about such concepts as honor and self-esteem.

Previously, in the nineteenth century, noble young men fought duels over minor conflicts. They did not mind giving their lives for the sake of justice. Nowadays you won't see anything like this anymore. Each is ready to insult the other, because he feels complete impunity. This is why it is so interesting to read works of the nineteenth century. There everyone was responsible for their words and actions. In my opinion, there was more sincerity and something real in the world then. There was not so much falsehood in people's actions. Each was ready to help the other. Not many people thought only about their own benefit and enrichment.

The inner world of literary heroes is revealed gradually. On each page you can find a piece of the puzzle, which then creates a whole picture of the character’s inner world. There is no such thing that the character’s characteristics fit into just one line. Every action, every word makes the reader understand how many-sided nature she is, how many experiences and emotions are in her soul. This is very interesting and unusual. But it also cost the writers enormous efforts. After all, it was necessary to carefully think through every word of your characters and the actions of your heroes.

In my opinion, another feature of the depiction of the inner world of heroes in the literature of the nineteenth century is precisely in such fine detail. It is impossible to predict how the main character will behave in a given situation, because he is very unpredictable, and his inner world is diverse. Not that element of predictability when you read a book and immediately understand how it will end and how the main character will behave in a given situation. Therefore, these works can rightfully be called immortal.

A person with his actions and thoughts, feelings and desires was constantly in the center of attention of the masters of words. Writers of different times tried to look into the most secret corners of the human soul, to find the true reasons for many of his actions. In depicting the inner world of a person’s personality, Russian realist writers such as Chekhov, Tolstoy, Ostrovsky, Dostoevsky, Turgenev and others reached unprecedented heights. They were able to open other dimensions in a person’s soul and truthfully describe his innermost thoughts. It is precisely because of their sincere interest in the inner world of the hero that the works of such writers are quite rightly called psychological.

Classic writers created artistic images so different from each other that you can’t help but think about how multifaceted and varied the fate of people is.