Five obligatory prayers of namaz. Learning to perform namaz correctly

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Ablution. Namaz. Performing prayer. How to do namaz?

Many people and even those who were born Muslim do not know how start praying (perform namaz). Some can't start praying- something is bothering them. Some are afraid start praying because they think that over time they will abandon this matter. Only the Almighty knows the future, and these doubts are the tricks of the shaitan.
Leaving prayer- a grave sin that can lead a person into unbelief - the unfaithful will burn forever in hell.
Namaz is second in importance pillar of Islam, after Shagyadata(certificate- "There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is his prophet").
Namaz is the duty of a Muslim.

And so let's get started... Where to start performing prayer?

First of all, this is ablution before prayer. (Small ablution). We do everything in order.

In Arabic we read from right to left.

Intention for ablution: Bismillagyi RahImani RahIim. I intend to perform the obligatory ablution for the sake of Allah Almighty, Allahu Akbar.

1. Then wash your hands, we read the prayer: اَلْحَمْدُ لِلهِ الَّذي جَعَلَ الْماءَ طَهُورًا
"Al-khIamdu lillagyi-llazi jagIalal-maa tagyuraa" - Praise be to Allah, who made water purifying.

2. Face wash, we read the following: اَللّهُمَّ بَيِّضْ وَجْهي بِنُورِكَ يَوْمَ تَبْيَضُّ وُجُوهُ أَوْلِيائِكَ وَلا تُسَوِّدْ وَجْهي بِظُلُماتِكَ يَوْمَ تَسْوَدُّ وُجُوهُ أَعْدائِكَ
"Allagyumma bayyiz vajgyi binurika yavma tabyazzu vujugyu avliyika wa la tusavvid vajgyi bizulumatika yavma tasvaddu vujugyu gidaika" - O Allah! Illuminate my face with Your nour on the day when the faces of Your favorites are illuminated, and do not darken my face with Your darkness on the day when the faces of Your enemies are blackened.

3. We wash our right hand, to the forearm (from the tip of the fingers to just above the elbow). We read the following: اَللّهُمَّ أَعْطِني كِتابي بِيَميني وَحاسِبْني حِسابًا يَسيرًا
"Allagyumma agItIini kitabi biyamini wa hasibni hisaban yasira." - O Allah, offer me my records of earthly deeds on the Day of Judgment on the right side and reprimand me with an easy report.

4. Wash your left hand, up to the forearm (from the tip of the fingers to just above the elbow). We read the following: اَللّهُمَّ لا تُعْطِني كِتابي بِشِمالي وَلا مِنْ وَراءِ ظَهْري
"Allagyumma la tugItIini kitabi bishimali wa la min varai zagri." - O Allah, do not offer me my notes from the left and behind.

5. We wipe our heads (with the moistened palms of both hands, we draw from the forehead to the back of the head (like in shampoo commercials) three times, each time with new water). We read:
اَللّهُمَّ حَرِّمْ شَعْري وَبَشَري عَلَى النّارِ
"Allagyumma hIarram shahIri va bashari gIala-nnar." - O Allah, make my hair and skin prohibited from the fire of Hell.

6. Washing the right foot (I wash my feet with my left hand, although it’s a little inconvenient, but definitely with my left hand). At the same time we read: اَللّهُمَّ ثَبِّتْ قَدَمَيَّ عَلَى الصِّراطِ يَوْمَ تَزِلُّ فيهِ الْأَقْدامُ
"Allagyumma sabbat kadamaya gIala-siratIi yavma tazilu figyil-aqdam." - O Allah, strengthen my feet on the Sirat Bridge on the day when they slide.

7. Washing the left leg (I also wash with my left hand). We read the same as when washing the right foot.

If you don’t know prayers, then you can read surahs or verses from the Koran. For example suras 112-114. One sura for each arm or leg and of course the face. When wetting the head one can say Allahu Akbar (Allah is great) or Bismillagyi rahImani rahIim(in the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

After ablution, it is advisable to read duqIa (raising my palms to the level of my face, turning my palms to the sky - I read all the arcs in this way). We read: prayer:

أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لآ إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لا شَريكَ لَهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ اَللّهُمَّ اجْعَلْني مِنَ التَّوّابينَ وَاجْعَلْني مِنَ الْمُتَطَهِّرينَ وَاجْعَلْني مِنْ عِبادِكَ الصّالِحينَ سُبْحانَكَ اللّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لآ إِلهَ إِلاّ أَنْتَ أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَأَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ وَصَلَّى اللهُ عَلى سَيِّدِنا مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلى آلِه وَصَحْبِه وَسَلَّمْ

"Ashgyadu alla illagya illallag wahIdagyu la sharika lie down, wa ashgyadu anna Muhammadan gIabdugyu wa rasulugyu. Allagyumma-jgIalni min-tavvabina vajgIalni minal-mutatIagirina, vajgIalni min gibadika-s -salihIina, subhIanaqallashgumma wa bihIamdika, ashgyadu allya ilyagya illya anta, astagIfiruka wa atubu Ilayka, wa sallallagu gIala sayyidina Muhammadiv-va gIala aligyi wa sahbigyi wa sallam." - I I testify with my tongue, I acknowledge and believe in my heart that there is nothing worthy of worship except Allah alone, Who has no partner, and I testify again, I acknowledge and believe in my heart that, truly, Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. O Allah, make me of those who repent of their sins, and make me of those who maintain purity, and make me of Your pious servants who serve You well. You are pure from all shortcomings, praise be to You. I testify that there is nothing worthy of worship except You. I ask You for forgiveness and repent before You. And the blessings of Allah be upon our master Muhammad, his family and companions, peace and prosperity to them.

Namaz: Performing namaz. How to do namaz?

After performing ablution, the Muslim can begin prayer. Exists five obligatory prayers which a Muslim is obliged to perform every day.
Five obligatory prayers these are: 1. Morning, 2. Midday (dining) 3. Afternoon (afternoon), 4. Evening, 5. Night.
Morning prayer consists of 2 rak'ahs; Evening prayer consists of 3 rak'ahs; Midday, Afternoon and Night consist of 4 rak'ahs. We will describe what rakats are below.

And so, let's start performing prayer.

Standing on the prayer mat (we will consider the mat as a place for prayer). Lay out the rug so that when you stand up you look at it towards the Kaaba(Qibla). Any prayer is performed facing the Kaaba.

Making an intention(for example, for an evening prayer of 3 rakats): Bismillagyi RahImani RahIim. I intend to perform the obligatory evening prayer of three rak'ahs, for the sake of Allah, Allahu akbar ( at the moment when we say Allahu Akbar, we raise our hands with open palms, lightly touching our earlobes with our thumbs). Then we lower our palms to the area under the heart, first place the left palm and the right one on top of it. And now you are already in prayer.

Let's make the first rak'ah.

1. In this position we read Surah Al-FatihIa:

1 بِسْمِ اللّهِ الرَّحْمـَنِ الرَّحِيم
"Bismillagy rahImani rahIim"- in the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful.

2 الْحَمْدُ للّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِين
"AlhIamdulillahyi rabbil gyalamin" - Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.

3 الرَّحْمـنِ الرَّحِيم
"Ar-RahImani-r-RahIim" - The Gracious, the Merciful.

4 مَـالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّين
"Maliki Yaumiddin" - Lord of the Day of Retribution.

5 إِيَّاك نَعْبُدُ وإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِين
"Iyyaka nagIbud wa iyaka nastagIin" - Only to You is our worship, only to You is our prayer for salvation.

6 اهدِنَــــا الصِّرَاطَ المُستَقِيمَ
"Igydina siratial mustakim" - Lead us on the straight path.

7 صِرَاطَ الَّذِينَ أَنعَمتَ عَلَيهِمْ غَيرِ المَغضُوبِ عَلَيهِمْ وَلاَ الضَّالِّين
"SiratIal lyaziina angIamta gIalaigyim, gairil magzubi alyaigyim va lyazooalin"- The path of those to whom You have bestowed Your mercy, not those on whom Your wrath has fallen, and not those who have fallen into error.

Amen! (Amen Rabb-al gIalamin).

2. After Surahs Al-FatihIa, Pronounce Alahu Akbar and bend forward and place our palms on our knees (become the letter "G" -bow from the waist). We pronounce:
سبحان ربي العظيم
"SubhIana Rabbi-l-Giazim" - My Great Lord is impeccable! 3 times.

3. We straighten up, saying:
سمع الله لمن حمده
"SamigIa-Llagyu li-man xIamida" - May Allah hear the one who praises Him!

4. After this, saying Allahu Akbar let's go to prostration (judging). First, place your palms on the mat (if your health allows it, if it doesn’t work out, then you can fall to your knees and only then put your palms down), then we touch the rest of the mat, these are: knees, face. In general, seven parts of the body should touch the mat: your face (forehead, nose), palms, knees and the balls of your toes. Palms should be directed in the same direction as the person praying (to the sideKaabas- Necessarily), put them at shoulder level.
In this situation we read:
سبحان ربي الأعلى
"Subhana Rabbi-l-Gial" - Impeccable is my Supreme Lord! 3 times.

5. Before lifting your forehead from the mat, you should say Allahu Akbar and only then sit down. We sit down so that our buttocks rest on our heels. We place our palms on our knees. This moment is called "sitting between judgments" We freeze in this position for 2-3 seconds.

6. Having said Allahu Akbar, place your palms on the mat again and touch your face (forehead and nose) to the mat. Those. we do the same as in the fourth point. After reading
"Subhana Rabbi-l-Gial"- 3 times, we say Allahu Akbar and get up. And we find ourselves in the same situation as in point 1. One rak'ah completed!!!

Second rak'ah- everything is done the same as in the first one. But now after point 6 we don’t get up, but remain in the position "sitting". We also leave the palm of our left hand on our knees, and clench our right palm into a fist, leaving the index finger straight (preferably semi-straight). In this situation we read: AttahIiyatu.

اَلتَّحِيّاتُ الْمُبارَكاتُ الصَّلَواتُ الطَّيِّباتُ لِلهِ، اَلسَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكاتُهُ، اَلسَّلامُ عَلَيْنا وَعَلى عِبادِ اللهِ الصّالِحينَ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لآ إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ الله،ِ اَللّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَما صَلَّيْتَ عَلى إِبْراهيمَ وَعَلى آلِ إِبْراهيمَ، وَبارِكْ عَلى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَما بارَكْتَ عَلى إِبْراهيمَ وَعَلى آلِ إِبْراهيمَ، فِي الْعالَمينَ، إِنَّكَ حَميدٌ مَجيد

"At-TahIyyyatu-mubarakatu-salyawatu-ttIayyibatu lillag. As-Salamu gIalaika ayyugya-nnabiyyu va rahImatullagyi va barakatugy. As-Salamu gIalaina wa gIala giibadillagyi-ssalihiin. Ashgadu alla Ilyagya illallag wa ashgyadu anna Muhammad-rrasulullah Allahyumma sally gIala MukhIammad, wa Giala Ali MukhIammad, kama sallayta Giala Ibrahim wa Giala Ali Ibrahim. Wa barik Giala Muhammad, wa Giala Ali MukhIammad, kama barakta Giala Ibrahim wa Giala Ali Ibrahim, fil-Alamina, innaka hiamidu-mmajid" . - All greetings, blessings, prayers and good deeds belong to Allah. Prophet, peace be upon you, the mercy of Allah and His blessing. Peace be upon us and the God-fearing, pious servants of Allah. I testify with my tongue, acknowledge and believe in my heart that there is nothing worthy of worship except Allah, and I once again testify, acknowledge and believe in my heart that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
O Allah! Grant more honor and greatness to Prophet Muhammad and his family, just as You gave honor and greatness to Prophet Ibrahim and his family. O Allah! Give more blessings to Prophet Muhammad and his family, just as you gave blessings to Prophet Ibrahim and his family - in all the worlds. Verily, You are the Praised One and We praise You.

In this case, the salavat is given: "As-Salat al-Ibrahimiyya"(because we can’t find the salavat we need yet)

When you read Shagyadat(testimony) in the first part ( Ashgyadu allya ilyagya illallag) tear off the index finger from the knee by 3-4 centimeters, in the second ( va ashgyadu anna Muhammad-rrasulullah) lower to a level of 1-2 cm. Do not lower your finger or pull (this is important!). We say Akbar to Allah and stand up, as in point 1 - two rak'ahs are done.

Let's do one more rak'ah and read again AttahIiyatu to finish the prayer because this is the last third rak'ah, turn your head to the right and say: "As-salamu gIalaikum va RahImatul-lag", then turn left and say the same thing.

So you have performed the evening three rak'ah prayer.

This prayer performed according to Shafi'i mazgyab.

I would like to draw your attention to the fact that this is the easiest way to perform prayer for beginners. Over time, when you become more knowledgeable, you can add short surahs and verses from the Koran to your prayer, read dugIa, etc.
Namaz is performed only in Arabic.

If you notice any mistakes, please correct me, I am not an alim and I could be wrong. If there is a text of Attukhiyatu in Arabic and a transcription, please show me.

(Persian نماز‎) or salat (Arabic: صلاة‎) is a canonical prayer, one of the five pillars of Islam. The prayers of the first Muslims consisted of loudly pronouncing together the formulas of monotheism and the exaltation of Allah. There are no clear instructions in the Koran for performing prayers, although there are many indications of such particulars as prayer times, prayer formulas, certain movements, etc. The entire order of performing prayers developed as an imitation of the prayer postures and movements of the Prophet Muhammad and is enshrined in the memory of the first Muslims. The uniformity of prayer was practiced over almost a century and a half and was recorded in writing by the Hanafi jurist Muhammad al-Shaybani (d. 805).

1. While standing, express your sincere intention (niyat) to commit namaz:

"For the sake of Allah, I intend to make fard* of this morning namaz A".

Important Notes:
*Fard is obligatory in Islam. Failure to perform fard is considered a sin.

In this case, we give a simplified example of performing the morning namaz a, in which there are 2 cancers (cycles of body movements).

Remember that everyone namaz includes a certain number of cancers of the sunnah (desirable) and fard (obligatory).

Morning - 2 sunnahs, 2 fards
Daytime - 4 sunnahs, 4 fards, 2 sunnahs
Afternoon - 4 fards
Evening - 3 fard, 2 sunnah
Night - 4 fard, 2 sunnah

2. Raise both hands so that your fingertips are at shoulder level, palms facing the Qibla, and say takbir iftitah (initial takbir): “Allahu akbar.”

Takbir. The gaze is turned to the place of soot (the place that the head touches when bowing to the ground). Hands are placed on the chest, fingertips are at shoulder level, but not higher. Feet are parallel to each other. There is a distance of four fingers between them.

3. Then fold your arms across your chest, placing your right hand on top of your left, and read:

"Suru Fatiha"

"Auzu billahi minashshaytaani r-rajim
Bismillahi r-rahmaani r-rahim
Alhamdu lillahi rabbil 'alamin
Arrahmaani r-rahim
Maaliki Yaumiddin
Iyyakya na´budu wa iyayakya nasta´iin
Ikhdina s-syraatal mystakyim
Syraatallyazina an'amta aleikhim
Gairil Magdubi Aleikhim Valad-Doolliin..."
Aamin!.. (Pronounced to oneself)

But you, as a beginner performing your first prayers in your life, can limit yourself to only reading Surah Fatiha.

Qiyam. The gaze is turned to the place of soot. The arms are folded on the chest, the right hand is on the left (the wrist is not clasped). Feet are parallel to each other. There is a distance of four fingers between them.

4. Having lowered your hands, say: “Allahu Akbar” and make a hand” (waist bow).

Hand." The gaze is directed to the tips of the toes. The bow is not as deep as that of men: the head is higher than the back. The hands with closed fingers lie freely, without clasping the knees.

5. After the hand, straighten your body to a vertical position.

6. With the words “Allahu akbar” perform prostration (soot). During sooting, you must first kneel down, then lean on both hands, and only after that touch the sooting area with your forehead and nose.

Soot. The head is between the hands. The forehead and nose touch the floor. The fingers are pointed towards the Qibla, the toes are not bent towards the Qibla. Elbows touch the floor and are pressed to the body, touching the hips. The stomach is pressed to the thighs.

7. After this, with the words “Allahu Akbar,” rise from the soot to a sitting position

8. After pausing in this position long enough to say “Subhanallah”, with the words “Allahu Akbar”, lower yourself into soot again.

Soot. Head between hands. The forehead and nose touch the floor. The fingers are pointed towards the Qibla, the toes are not bent towards the Qibla. Elbows touch the floor and are pressed to the body, touching the hips. The stomach is pressed to the thighs.

9. Then, with the words “Allahu Akbar,” stand up to perform the second rak’ata. Hands are folded on the chest.

II rak'at

First, as in the first rak'ah, read Surah "Fatiha", an additional surah, for example "Ikhlas" (although for beginners you can limit yourself to only reading Surah "Fatiha" - see above), perform ruku and soot.

10. After the second soot of the second rak'at, sit on your feet and read the prayer (du'a) "Attahiyyat":

"Attahiyaty lillaahi vassalavaty vatayibyatu
Assalaam aleyke ayuhannabiyu wa rahmatyllahi wa baraka'atyh
Assalaam aleyna wa ala ibadillahi s-salihiin
Ashhad alla illaha illallah
Wa ashkhady Anna Muhammadan "abduhu wa rasylyukh"

Attention! When pronouncing the words “la illaha,” the index finger of the right hand rises, and when saying “illa illaha,” it goes down.

Ka´da (sitting). The gaze is turned to the knees. Hands are on your knees, fingers in a free position. Both legs are slightly shifted to the right. You should sit not on your left leg, but on the floor.

11. Say the greeting: “Assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullah” with your head turned first towards the right shoulder and then towards the left.

Salam (greeting) to the right side. Hands are on your knees, fingers in a free position. Both legs are shifted to the right. The head is turned to the right, looking at the shoulder.

Salam to the left. Hands are on your knees, fingers in a free position. Both legs are shifted to the right. The head is turned to the left, looking at the shoulder.

12. In conclusion, you can turn to the Almighty Creator with your /personal/ du´a (requests).

Du´a. The hands are joined and raised, the fingertips are at shoulder level. The palms are open upward and placed at an angle (approximately 45°) to the face. The thumbs are pointed to the side.

Using this principle, you can perform other prayers until you learn additional surahs (ayat) and du´a (prayer). However, we consider it important to warn you, do not delay performing full prayers, because the reward received from the Almighty for their performance is much higher than the reward for a shortened prayer.

Namaz for women: Morning prayer (fajr) - 2 rak'ahs of sunnat

Namaz for women: Morning Namaz (Fajr) - 2 rak'ahs of fard

Namaz for women: Day prayer (zuhr) - 4 rak'ahs

Performing namaz is one of the obligatory pillars of the Islamic religion. It must be followed by every true believer. Prayer frees the mind, calms the soul and purifies the consciousness. Namaz is a five-fold prayer that helps Muslims turn to God and cope with difficult situations. But in order to read namaz correctly, it is necessary to follow certain rules and perform namaz at certain times of the day and night.

Times and names of prayers

Each prayer includes several rak'ahs, sequences of actions. They consist of reading certain surahs of the Koran in a standing position and two types of bows: to the waist and to the ground.

Morning prayer is called Fajr and consists of 2 rak'ahs. It is performed from the moment the first signs of dawn appear until the final sunrise. The prayer stops as soon as the sun completely leaves the horizon.
Lunch – Zuhr – 4 rakats. Starts a couple of minutes after noon.
Afternoon - Asr - 4 rak'ahs. It takes place a few hours before sunset. It is fundamentally necessary to finish praying before the sun begins to disappear below the horizon.
Evening - Maghrib - 3 rak'ahs. It is performed immediately after the sun has set, but before the evening glow has disappeared.
Night – Isha – 4 rak’ahs. Done late in the evening. The time for prayer is until dawn. However, it is better not to delay and perform the prayer on time.

In addition to the basic actions, there are desirable prayers for which Allah will reward believers. For beginners, of course, to begin with, it is enough to learn the main part of the ritual and get used to a regular schedule of five times prayer. But after this becomes a habit, it is advisable to add the rest of the sunnat prayers.

Preparation for prayer

Before you start praying, you need to:

Cleanse the body: perform small ablution, wudu. If necessary, the believer must make ghusl.
Wear clean and neat clothing: Muslim women must cover their awrah, but they may not cover their face, feet or hands. In this case, the hair should be hidden under clothing. Men do not need to cover their heads.
Observe the timing of a particular prayer.
Turn towards the qibla, the shrine of the Kaaba, which is located in Saudi Arabia, Mecca.
Lay down a prayer rug, a clean towel or sheet.
Get into a pose. Women should stand straight, legs together, and arms along the body. Men should place their feet shoulder-width apart, lower their arms freely, and look down in front of them.
Mentally express the intention in your heart to read the prayer. Every Muslim must begin such an important task with sincerity and respect and approach with full responsibility the intention of performing prayer for the pleasure of the Almighty God.

Once all of the above points have been completed, the believer can begin prayer.

How to read namaz correctly

If the intention is pronounced silently, then everything else - the introductory takbir, dua, suras of the Koran - is spoken out loud. Not necessarily in a full voice, perhaps in a whisper, because the situation is not always conducive to complete unity.

From the position in which you are standing, raise your palms to your shoulders and say out loud the expression “Allahu Akbar!” This will be the opening takbir. Watch the aura: the sleeves should not fall down. Otherwise, the prayer will not be performed.
Cross your arms at chest level. Place your right palm on top. Read Surah Al-Fatihah.
Bow at the waist. Remember, men should bow lower than women and look down at their feet. Place your hands on your knees, but don't clasp them.
Return to the starting position.
Make a prostration and simultaneously say the phrase “Allahu Akbar.” To do this, kneel down, then lean on your palms and elbows and touch the ground with your nose and forehead. As you do this, press your toes into the ground.
With the same words, go to a sitting position and say the phrase “Subhanallah.”
Prostrate again and at the same time say the phrase “Allahu Akbar.”
Return to the starting position to make the second rak'ah.

Start, as at the very beginning, by reading Surah Al-Fahita. You can choose the words of dhikr, read some small surah.
Now bow to the waist and to the ground, as you did during the first rak'ah.
Sit on your feet so that your palms are on your knees and both legs are turned to the right side. This way you will sit not on your feet, but on the floor. In this position, recite the dua Attahiyat. Afterwards, if you are performing Fajr prayer, say the end of the prayer.

If you are reading a prayer that consists of three or four rakats, then after the dua, change your position: get up, stand straight and do the next rakats. Then Muslims can turn to Allah Almighty in free form in any language with prayers and requests for personal matters. The Lord will definitely hear you after prayer and help you.