Russian Academy of Arts. Russian Academy of Arts

The Russian Academy of Arts was founded by Count I.I. Shuvalov. The exhibition halls themselves were opened in 1948. To this day they remain one of the most famous landmarks in Moscow.

The basis of the exhibition is the work of leading contemporary domestic and foreign artists. In addition, in the Exhibition Halls you can see exhibitions that reveal the history of Russian art. Also on display are diploma and educational works of students of art institutes and works of young artists.

On the second floor, in a ceremonial enfilade, personal and group exhibitions of artists are held. They reflect and demonstrate the main trends in the development of the modern artistic process.

In addition to exhibitions, the Halls of the Russian Academy of Arts host various seminars and conferences dedicated to art issues, problems of artistic life, as well as evenings dedicated to the work of famous Russian artists.

The building within which the Exhibition Halls are located is known in Moscow as the Morozov Mansion. The mansion is based on the main house of a city estate of the 18th-19th centuries. In 1904–1906, it housed a collection of paintings, which turned the house into a museum. Some ceremonial rooms, such as the Oak Hall or the White Hall, have retained their exquisite decoration to this day.

Opening hours:

• Wednesday-Sunday - from 12.00 to 20.00;
• Tuesday - from 12.00 to 22.00;
• Monday is a day off.

Ticket prices:

• full - 100 rubles;
• preferential - 50 rubles.

The last Wednesday of the month is the day of free admission to the museum.

The idea of ​​creating an Academy of Sciences and Arts in Russia was expressed by Peter I back in the late 1690s.

The Academy of Arts was established by a decision of the Senate on November 6, 1757 during the reign of the Empress Elizaveta Petrovna in St. Petersburg on the initiative of the great Russian scientist M.V. Lomonosov and a famous educator of that time I.I. Shuvalova.

In 1764, Catherine II, having approved the Charter and staff, granted the Privilege to the Imperial Academy of Arts. In the same year, according to the design of the architect Zh.B. Wallen-Delamotte and A.F. Kokorinov began construction of the stone building of the Academy on the banks of the Neva, which was completed in 1788.

Artists and architects of the first Shuvalov graduation from the Academy A.P. Losenko, F.I. Shubin, V.I. Bazhenov, F.S. Rokotov, I.E. Starov set the highest level of artistic practice and pedagogy, which amounted to the glory of Russian art.

The importance of the Russian Academy of Arts

It was a center of artistic education, actively influenced the development of all types of art, contributed to the formation of museum collections, carried out extensive research work, and held exhibitions and competitions.

The Imperial Academy of Arts initiated the founding of provincial art schools and colleges, in which graduates of the Academy taught, and later - museums attached to them.

RAH today

The Russian Academy of Arts is the largest center of Russian artistic culture.

She is the heir to the Imperial Academy of Arts and the successor to the USSR Academy of Arts.

Currently, the Academy, with all its creative, pedagogical, research and museum institutions, is an organization that has no analogues in the world, realizing national interests in the development of artistic culture and aesthetic education, affirming fundamental humanistic values.

The Russian Academy of Arts belongs to the particularly valuable objects of national heritage of the peoples of Russia.

The highest body of the Academy of Arts - Session(General meeting of full members and corresponding members). In the intervals between sessions, the activities of the Academy are led by the Presidium, headed by the President.

Activities of the Academy

Under the auspices of the Academy of Arts, new art educational institutions are opening in various regions of the country. Extensive reconstruction of the oldest art universities is being carried out.

The Academy of Arts takes an active part in the implementation of major artistic projects, such as the reconstruction of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow, the construction of the Victory Memorial on Poklonnaya Hill and many others.

Caring for the future of Russian artistic culture, she strives to preserve and enrich the pedagogical principles of the national art school, to unite all the most talented and significant that is in the art of our country.

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Photo by the Russian Academy of Arts

Time: 12:00 to 20:00 from Wednesday to Sunday, except holidays. On Tuesday, work has been extended until 21:00.

Cost: adult - 100 rubles, for students, pensioners - 2 times lower, for visitors under 18 years old - free.

Address:

Russian Academy of Arts - Moscow, Prechistenka street, 21

Metro station:

Park of Culture, Kropotkinskaya

The Russian Academy of Arts (RAA) is the largest state center of artistic culture in Russia in the fields of architecture, fine and decorative arts, design and education.

Birth and formation

Back in 1724, Peter the Great, foreseeing a glorious future for the country in the field of cultural achievements, planned to establish an “academy of sciences and curious arts” - the first Russian institution whose purpose was the study and development of Russian science and culture. During the reign of Catherine I, the Academy of Sciences introduced the teaching of the art of sculpture and painting.

But only in September 1757, by decree of Elizabeth Petrovna, the Imperial Academy of Arts was established. The great scientist Mikhail Lomonosov and the famous philanthropist Ivan Shuvalov played a serious role in its creation, who presented the “Demonstration” on the creation of “a special three most famous arts academy.” The institution was opened in St. Petersburg, but within 6 years it was included in the Moscow University founded by Shuvalov.

The Enlightener immediately invited unique foreign masters as teachers - the architect Jean Vallin-Delamot, the artists Claude Lorrain, Georg Schmidt, Jean De Velli, the sculptor Nicolas Gillet, and accepted the first set of students from talented teenagers of different classes. A year later, Shuvalov presented the Academy with his own magnificent collection of paintings, sculptures and literary works, thereby laying the foundation for an extensive library and museum complex.

The Academy became the “family nest” of Russian talents, who were accepted for study regardless of their status. Thus, the brilliant Rokotov became a student “by verbal order,” and the brilliant Fyodor Shubin, being a stoker, was simply “requested” to join the Academy for his talent.

Teachers and students took part in the construction and design of famous architectural ensembles: the Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ on Blood, the Kazan and St. Isaac's Cathedrals, and the Moscow Cathedral of Christ the Savior.

Graduates of the Academy who graduated at different times - painters Karl Bryullov, Anton Losenko, Ilya Repin, Alexander Ivanov, Vasily Surikov, sculptors Mark Antokolsky, Ivan Martos, architects Vasily Bazhenov, Andrey Voronikhin, Nikolai Benois and others - presented the world with the highest degree of artistic excellence and teaching art.

Academy of Arts in the XX-XXI centuries

After the revolution of 1917, the Imperial Academy of Arts was abolished, and only fifteen long years later, in 1932, its reconstruction began. In 1947, the USSR Academy of Arts was established in the capital.

The building on Prechistenka, where the Presidium and exhibition halls of the academy were located in 1948, is known as the “Morozov family mansion,” erected in 1871 according to the design of Peter Campioni in the style of a city estate. The art collection of the major Russian industrialist and philanthropist Ivan Morozov, housed in the building, was a unique collection of works by Renoir, Claude Monet, Pissarro, Van Gogh, Paul Cezanne, Rodin, Pablo Picasso, as well as Vrubel, Levitan, Vasnetsov, Konstantin Korovin and other geniuses .

The famous Exhibition Halls were opened in the mansion, which have been considered a cultural landmark of Moscow for 70 years. Over more than two centuries of its activity, the Academy Museum has collected a precious collection of Russian and Western European paintings, graphics, sculpture, drawings, maps and architectural samples.

At the end of the 90s. last century carried out an extensive restoration of the facade and interiors of the main building. Since 1991, the Academy received the status of a federal institution and its modern name - the Russian Academy of Arts. In 2001, the academy’s exhibition areas became much wider, thanks to the opening of the “Art Gallery” in building No. 19 on Prechistenka.

The modern Academy of Arts in Moscow cherishes long-standing cultural traditions. As before, it is a center of artistic enlightenment and education, is engaged in the consideration of artistic projects in the field of painting, architecture, sculpture, actively influencing the development of all types of art, contributes to the formation of museum collections, holds large-scale exhibitions of leading contemporary domestic and foreign masters working in different types of fine arts.

Helpful information

You can get to the Academy of Arts stop from Gogolevsky Boulevard by trolleybus 15 or bus 5, 15 if you get off at the Kropotkinskaya metro station.

How to get there:

Russian Academy of Arts (RAH)- State Academy of Sciences of the Russian Federation, state cultural institution - branch academy of sciences in the field of fine and decorative arts, architecture, design and art education. The founder of the Russian Academy of Arts is the Government of the Russian Federation.

The supreme body of the Russian Academy of Arts is the Session (General Meeting of Full Members and Corresponding Members). In the intervals between sessions, the activities of the Russian Academy of Arts are led by the Presidium, headed by the President.

Continuity

The Russian Academy of Arts is the successor to the USSR Academy of Arts, created in 1947 on the basis of Vse. After the collapse of the USSR, all the property of the USSR Academy of Arts was transferred to the Russian Academy of Arts, and members of the USSR Academy of Arts were awarded the titles of full members and corresponding members of the Russian Academy of Arts.

According to its legal status, the Russian Academy of Arts is a federal state budgetary institution.

“Striving for something new and asserting the worthy position of contemporary Russian art in the world, the Academy of Arts preserves its traditions and historically established structure. Now it includes, as before, the departments of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture. The departments of Graphics, Theatrical and Decorative Art, Decorative and Applied Arts, Design, Art History and Art Criticism were added to them. Throughout its 250-year history, the Russian Academy of Arts has maintained artistic ties between the center and the regions. This concerned the education of artists, the creation of local centers of culture, and the development of architectural and monumental ensembles. Today, its regional branches operate in St. Petersburg, the Volga region, the Urals, Siberia and the Far East. In other words, the activities of the Academy today cover all types and genres of spatial arts in our country.”

Main activities of the Russian Academy of Arts

Academic art education system

The Russian Academy of Arts is a state creative and scientific organization. Education is one of the main aspects of activity. Work is underway to preserve and creatively develop the traditions of the national academic school, organize and improve the art education system, preserve and develop the most important elements of domestic art education - the greatest value of Russian culture, which has received worldwide recognition. In order to promote the creative development of the academic art school system, the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Arts created the Council for Art Education, which, in close cooperation with the Scientific and Methodological Directorate of the Academy and the leadership of academic educational institutions, coordinates issues of academic art education.

Educational institutions of the Russian Academy of Arts:

• Moscow Academic Art Lyceum of the Russian Academy of Arts
• St. Petersburg Academic Art Lyceum named after. B.V. Ioganson Russian Academy of Arts

Scientific activity

Particular attention in the research is paid to current processes of interaction between the spheres of fine arts, science and education on issues of an interdisciplinary nature and cross-cultural dialogue in the global artistic space.

UNESCO Chair of Fine Arts and Architecture

The department was created in 1998 and became part of the Russian Academy of Arts. Together with the cultural and educational sectors of UNESCO, the UNESCO Chair of the Russian Academy of Arts strives for universal recognition of the importance of arts education as a platform for sustainable development, the development of creativity, innovation and cultural diversity. The department is headed by People's Artist of the CCCP and Russia, President of the Russian Academy of Arts, UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador Zurab Tsereteli.

Academy Membership

Members of the Academy are elected by the general meeting of the Russian Academy of Arts.

Membership in the Academy is lifelong.

The number of members of the Academy is established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Elections of Academy members are held at least once every 3 years.

Academy branches

Academy Management

The supreme governing body of the Russian Academy of Arts is the general meeting of the Academy. Members of the general meeting of the Academy are full members and corresponding members. The General Meeting of the Academy is convened by the Presidium of the Academy at the proposal of the President of the Academy at least once a year.

In the intervals between general meetings, the activities of the Russian Academy of Arts are managed by the Presidium, headed by the President.

Presidium of the Academy consists of the president and vice-presidents of the Academy, the chief scientific secretary of the Academy's presidium, the deputy chief scientific secretary of the Academy's presidium, academic secretaries of the Academy's branches, chairmen of the regional branches of the Academy and other members of the Academy.

The number of members of the Academy's presidium is determined by the general meeting of the Academy. The Presidium of the Academy is elected for a 5-year term. The distribution of responsibilities between vice-presidents and members of the Presidium of the Academy is carried out by the President of the Academy.

President of the Academy elected by the general meeting of the Russian Academy of Arts from among its full members for a period of 5 years. The elected President of the Academy takes office after his approval by the Government of the Russian Federation.

President of the Russian Academy of Arts :

• Z. K. Tsereteli.

Vice-presidents of the Russian Academy of Arts :

• Hero of Socialist Labor, People's Artist of the USSR T. T. Salakhov,
• People's Artist of the RSFSR A. A. Bichukov
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation A. A. Lyubavin
• People's Architect of the Russian Federation M. M. Posokhin (Secretary of the Department of Architecture)
• A. A. Zolotov
• Honored Artist of the RSFSR V. A. Lenyashin
• Honored Artist of the Russian Federation D. O. Shvidkovsky (Secretary of the Art History Department).
• Honored Artist of the Russian Federation A. L. Bobykin (Secretary of the Design Department)

Members of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Arts :

• People's Artist of the USSR V. I. Ivanov
• People's Artist of the USSR V. M. Sidorov,
• People's Artist of the USSR A. M. Shilov,
• People's Artist of the RSFSR A. I. Alekseev,
• People's Artist of the RSFSR A. N. Burganov,
• People's Artist of the RSFSR A.P. Levitin,
• People's Artist of the RSFSR R. F. Fedorov,
• People's Artist of the RSFSR O. M. Savostyuk,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation E. N. Maksimov (Academician-Secretary of the Painting Department),
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation L. I. Savelyeva (Academician-Secretary of the Department of Decorative and Applied Arts),
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation A. G. Akritas,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation N. I. Borovskoy,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation V. A. Glukhov,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation A. N. Kovalchuk,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation B. A. Messerer (Academician-Secretary of Theater and Film Decoration Art),
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation N. A. Mukhin,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation T. G. Nazarenko,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation V. I. Nesterenko,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation P. F. Nikonov,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation S. N. Oleshnya,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation S. P. Ossovsky,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation A. I. Teslik,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation A. V. Tsigal,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation A. S. Charkin,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation A. D. Shmarinov,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation E. V. Romashko,
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation A. I. Rukavishnikov,
• Honored Artist of the Russian Federation F. A. Rukavishnikov,
• Honored Artist of the Russian Federation A. D. Borovsky,
• Honored Artist of the Russian Federation K. V. Khudyakov,
• Honored Artist of the Russian Federation V. G. Kalinin,
• Honored Architect of the Russian Federation N. I. Shumakov,
• Honored Artist of the RSFSR V.V. Vanslov,
• Honored Artist of the Russian Federation O. A. Krivtsun,
• M. A. Busev,
• S. P. Kolov,
• A. N. Korotaeva,
• T. A. Kochemasova,
• K. V. Petrov,
• A. I. Rozhin,
• M. M. Fatkulin,
• O. R. Khromov,
• E. Z. Tsereteli,
• A. G. Yastrebenetsky.

Academic organizations

Presidents

Printed publications

In 2009, the Russian Academy of Arts, with the support of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, began publishing its own magazine, ACADEMIA. The magazine was created to inform the public about the activities of the Academy, as well as to popularize and increase interest in

Despite the elegant name, the first Academy of Arts arose as a completely practical project. It was conceived by Peter I in the image of the European “academies of sciences and arts” of that time and existed under the Academy of Sciences. This means that art, in a sense, served science. Draughtsmen and engravers made botanical and ethnographic sketches, prepared maps and only occasionally carried out portrait orders. Soon a conflict emerged between scientific and artistic needs, since the Academy of Sciences needed mainly engravers. And then, on the initiative of Mikhail Lomonosov and the favorite of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, Ivan Shuvalov, the Academy of Arts itself was opened in 1757, this time at Moscow University. However, classes were also held in St. Petersburg, in the mansion of Shuvalov, who became the first president of the Academy and proposed a pompous name for it - the Academy of the Three Noble Arts. Six years later, this educational institution finally became independent and received imperial status. His first students included Fyodor Rokotov, Vasily Bazhenov and Anton Losenko, the first Russian history painter.

At first, invited foreigners taught at the Academy, with the only exception being Alexander Filippovich Kokorinov, who headed the architectural class and eventually became the rector. He not only did a lot for the development of the educational institution, but also, together with the French architect Jean-Baptiste Vallin-Delamot, developed a project for the building of the Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg. The foundation was laid in 1765, but construction was completed only in 1788. Over time, the appearance of this building became one of the calling cards of the Northern capital.

The founding of the Academy coincided with the flowering of classicism in Europe. Therefore, ancient sculpture and architecture were first chosen as models for training. Students spent hours copying classic images, honing their skills.

A system of scholarships was created for the best of them, and winners of gold medals for competitive work were sent to study abroad. The first pensioners of the Academy were Bazhenov and Losenko, who went abroad to study back in 1760. The Academy allocated work orders to excellent students in order to financially support the artist’s talent. For example, Alexander Ivanov painted the famous painting “The Appearance of Christ to the People” in Italy for 20 years at the request of the Academy.

Within its walls, the Russian school of classical architecture was born, whose prominent representative Matvey Kazakov rebuilt the center of Moscow in the classical style at the end of the 18th century. He owns the Senate building in the Kremlin, the Golitsyn hospital and many other buildings.

The teaching of painting and sculpture was separated from architectural education only in the middle of the 19th century. Therefore, many brilliant architects also received a painting specialty. For example, Andrei Voronikhin, the creator of the Kazan Cathedral in St. Petersburg, was awarded the title of academician of “perspective painting”.

Over time, blind copying of classical models, which played a role in the creation of the school, became a brake on creativity. Both the authorities and the artists themselves realized this. Attempts to transform the system were made from different sides.

At the beginning of his reign, Emperor Nicholas I issues decrees on the preservation and study of ancient Russian monuments. Nationality as a worldview idea penetrates into all types of arts - from architecture and painting to music and literature. Academician of architecture Konstantin Ton, whom Nicholas patronized, in the late 1820s, based on drawings and measurements of ancient Russian churches, developed the so-called Russian-Byzantine style. However, the classical tradition also remains. According to Ton's design, the state halls of the Academy of Arts are being rebuilt and the embankment with a granite pier is being designed. At the same time, figures of ancient Egyptian sphinxes were installed here.

At the beginning of the 19th century, dissatisfaction with the academic system manifested itself in a peculiar attempt to emigrate. Orest Kiprensky, Sylvester Shchedrin, the already mentioned Alexander Ivanov and many other talented artists lived and worked abroad for years and were in no hurry to return to their homeland.

In the middle of the century, discontent resulted in protest. In November 1863, students of the Academy, admitted to participate in the gold medal competition, asked to change their assignment: instead of a historical plot, allow them to write on a free topic. Having been refused, all 14 people left the Academy. A few years later they founded the famous Association of Traveling Art Exhibitions. In October 1893, by decree of Emperor Alexander III, who ordered to “change everything... invite the Wanderers,” a reform was carried out at the Academy. Now the works of young talented youth were exhibited here, for example, artists from the World of Art association;

Academy in the post-revolutionary period

After the revolution, the Academy was temporarily abolished as “a state institution that, after the overthrow of the autocracy, under the Provisional Government, pursued policies in the interests of the exploiting classes.” On its basis, Free Art Workshops arose, and in 1932 the All-Russian Academy of Arts was opened in Leningrad, headed by Isaac Brodsky, the author of official portraits of Lenin, Stalin, Voroshilov and other Bolsheviks.

In 1937, the theory of art began to be studied within its walls. Students are taught by both Hermitage staff and the brilliant art critic Nikolai Punin, Anna Akhmatova’s husband.

In 1947, the All-Russian Academy of Arts was transformed into the USSR Academy of Arts, which received a building on Prechistenka in Moscow. This mansion once belonged to the last representative of the Potemkin family - Count Sergei Pavlovich, a writer and art lover. Pushkin often visited his house. At the end of the 19th century, the building was acquired by entrepreneur and philanthropist Ivan Morozov. Before the revolution, he kept here his unique collection of French painting (Cezanne, Renoir, Degas, Van Gogh) and works of Russian artists of the 19th century. For this collection, architect Lev Kekushev even rebuilt the building's interiors. In 1918, Morozov’s collection was nationalized, and the Museum of New Western Art was opened in the mansion. In 1947, the museum was disbanded, part of its collection was transferred to the Pushkin Museum. Pushkin, part - to the Russian Museum. And the building went to the USSR Academy of Arts. In the same year, a research institute for the history and theory of art was opened as part of the Academy.

Almost simultaneously with the Academy, its museum also appeared. Its collection included both works of classical European art, from Rubens to Delacroix, and works by Russian artists and sculptors who studied at the Academy. And although the museum has lost a significant part of its rich collection today (many of its exhibits were transferred to the Russian Museum and other Russian museums even before the revolution), it still gives an excellent idea of ​​the history of Russian art. Here you can see paintings by Argunov, Rokotov, Borovikovsky, Bryullov, Polenov, Feshin, Salakhov. From sculpture - works on biblical, mythological and historical themes by outstanding Russian sculptors of the 18th-20th centuries Pimenov, Gordeev, Kozlovsky, Antokolsky, Anikushin.

Academy of Arts today

Since 1998, the Academy of Arts has had a UNESCO Department of Fine Arts and Architecture. One of its main goals is to draw attention to the importance of arts education for the development of creativity and cultural diversity. She actively participates in international exhibition activities.

In 2007, the 250th anniversary of the Academy of Arts was included in the UNESCO list of memorable dates.