Good afternoon, dear friends! We are glad to welcome you within the walls of our Alekseevskaya school! Before starting the tour, please tell me, have any of you been to the museum?
What does the word “museum” mean?
Museum (from Greek, - house of the Muses) - an institution engaged in collecting, studying, storing and exhibiting objects - monuments and culture.
There are a lot of museums in the world with a wide variety of themes.
What types of museums are there?
(military, historical, applied arts...local history)
What is local history?
Local history is a complete study of a certain part of the country, city or village, and other settlements. Such studies are usually carried out by scientific specialists who have limited themselves to this region.
Guys, today we will go on an excursion to our local history museum. The museum contains exhibits - real objects that existed in those distant times.
What do you think we might see there?
- How should you behave in a museum?
In the museum you must behave quietly, you cannot touch anything with your hands without the permission of the guides.
Guys, who conducts excursions in museums?
- That's right, guide. I give the floor to the guides.
1 . Hello, dear guests of our museum! Today we invite you to take a tour of our local history museum. Our museum occupies a very small room, but it houses more than 2000 exhibits. Some exhibits are on display. Our local history museum presents several main exhibitions: “History”, “Culture”, “Education”, “Nature”, “Numismatics”.
Let's start our exciting journey with the historical department. We ask you to come closer to the historical map of our village.
2. More than 300 years ago, the place where the village of Alekseevka is located was remote and swampy, surrounded by forest. These regions have long been famous for their clean springs, rich game, and fertile soils, thereby attracting immigrants from the central regions of Russia.
Along the river in the northwestern part in 1701, Dorofey founded the settlement, and in the central part, Alexey founded the fugitive soldiers of Peter the Great. They were hiding in our forests from hard and long service. Their names are still preserved in the names of parts of the village - Alekseevka and Dorofeevka.
The riches of our region began to attract peasants here who were hiding from serfdom. Thus, part of the territory was settled by serfs who fled from their owner - the serf owner of the Chudov Monastery - this part is still called Monastyrshchina.
3 . All settlements - Dorofeevka, Alekseevka, Soldatchina, Monastyrshchina, Khovrishchina, Neyolova, Dyadkovka, Yamochka, Peschanka were initially separated and only much later united into one village. And for the most part it began to be called Alekseevka. Or, according to one version, the name of the village was given in honor of the father of Peter the Great - Alexei Mikhailovich.
But not only peasants settled our lands, landowners were also drawn here. They received the best lands and enslaved the peasants. Parts of the village - Khovrishchina, Neelovaya - are named after the surnames of the landowners. All of them were distinguished by cruelty towards serfs. Master Neelov traded peasants for dogs.
1. The richest was Prince Lvov, his castle “Eagle's Nest” towered in the western part of the village. The prince owned most of the land and forest. Residents were forbidden to go into the forest to pick mushrooms and berries. And those who did not obey were poisoned by dogs. Subsequently, the Lvov castle was destroyed by peasants. Now this place is called “count's ruins”, where the foundation of the building has been preserved.
Before the revolution, landowners and kulaks owned the land. Lack of land forced peasants to resort to subsidiary trades. Since ancient times, shoemaking has been developed in Alekseevka.
2. And now we will see how the peasants of our village lived. The peasant hut had a lot of household utensils. The dishes were made of cast iron, but they also usedclay. Pay attention to the exhibition! (krinkas, korchagi, etc.) In everyday life they used jugs, jars, and cast iron. Wooden spoons were used when eating. The material for making the dishes was chosen wisely. It was known that water and milk would remain cold for a long time in ceramic jars. It is better to stew food in cast iron. Water was kept in a wooden lagoon. They salted vegetables and fermented cabbage in wooden tubs.And this is a samovar! The samovar is part of the life and destiny of the Russian people. This item on the table was necessary for the Russian tea ceremony. It has become a symbol of goodness and homeliness. Children gained knowledge, absorbed traditions, learned to speak and listen from the samovar.
3. In order to put the cast iron in the stove and not get burned, the peasants had a special device -grip
Now everyone in their house has running water; they turned on the tap and the water started flowing. And the peasant women had to bring water from the well. To do this, women carried water in buckets, hanging it onrocker .
1. And thisspinning wheel , wool and fluff were spun on it, and then socks, scarves, and mittens were knitted from the resulting yarn. On long winter evenings, girls and women were engaged inneedlework . They spun, wove, embroidered - look at what beautiful handmade products you can’t buy in a store these days. Women sewed and decorated clothes, and men made shoes. Look what's on the chest? That's right, bast shoes. Lapti are traditional footwear of peasants. Bast shoes were woven from bast - this is linden bark. They also wove from bast: wallets (large shopping bags), boxes, hats.
2. Rubel - with the help of this object, peasant women smoothed dampened linen canvases. These items are decorated with carvings.
Later, irons appeared; they had to be heated on a stove or put coal in them.
3. NowAn exhibition entitled “Nobody is forgotten, nothing is forgotten” opens before your eyes. It is dedicated to the heroic history of the Great Patriotic War, and to our fellow countrymen - war participants, home front workers, and children of war. These are the heroic pages of our history, which we have always honored and will continue to honor.Here you see items from the war years: field binoculars, a helmet, a soldier's overcoat and much more. Albums dedicated to the Great Patriotic War are also presented here.
In the exhibition "Culture" photo and video equipment from previous years, a gramophone, and literature on relevant topics are presented.
1. IN "Education" we can see school supplies from the Soviet period, as well as photo albums dedicated to the history of our school.
Next department"Nature" introduces us to the wealth of our region.
"Numismatics".
The museum preserves our history. The exhibits were collected not only by museum and school employees. Many people, residents of our village, took part in the creation of the museum: they brought objects and documents that reflect the history of our city, the collection is constantly updated with new exhibits.
Now our village is famous for its attractions:
1.The house-museum of border guards, which has no analogues in the region!
2. St. Sergius Convent, which amazes everyone with its splendor!
3.Silver spring, famous for its purest water!
Welcome to Alekseevsk land!
The great Soviet geographer N.N. Baransky said: “To love your Motherland, you need to know it well.” Our excursion has come to an end, but local history work continues. We hope that you will not be indifferent to what you learned about today. The land on which we live is fraught with many mysteries and historical finds. Love your land, your village, make it better, more beautiful. Thank you all for your attention.
Journey through the school museum
Head: museum director
Biktimirova E.D.
Neftekamsk
2016
Excursion scenario
Topic: “Journey through the school museum”
Purpose of the excursion:
Moral, civic, patriotic and aesthetic education of students using local history.
Tour objectives:
1. I use the route diagram to review the museum exhibits, across all its expositions.
2. To attract the attention and interest of students to the history of the school, the region, and the heroism of the inhabitants of our city in the Great Patriotic War.
3. Conduct the final activities of the excursion in order to consolidate its cognitive, educational, and emotional results.
Direction of the excursion:
Students of the Neftekamsk correctional boarding school for children with disabilities aged 11-16 years.
Duration of the excursion: 45 minutes
1.Preliminarily undergo training on the rules of conduct in public places and life safety
2. Conduct the excursion in an organized, disciplined manner, ensuring that listeners pay attention to the guide’s story.
Technological map of the excursion
"Journey to the School Museum"2.Theme of the excursion:
“Overview of the school museum exhibition”
3.Type of excursion:
Museum
4. Composition of excursionists:
For children 11-16 years old
5.Duration
30 minutes
Text of the excursion story
Introductory conversation
Hello, our names are Lilia and Anastasia. We are in 9th grade at our school and are members of our school museum. Today we will take you on a short tour of our museum. Our tour will begin from the “Our Traditions” stand, where we are located, and end at the entrance to the museum. During the excursion, we will get acquainted with all the exhibitions of our museum, learn a lot of interesting things from the history of our school, as well as from the history of our region.
First of all, we urge you to stay in order, be attentive, follow safety rules, behave calmly, do not jostle, do not talk loudly. If necessary, ask questions in an organized, calm manner.
Main part
The exhibits of our museum are grouped by exposition. Currently there are five of them in the museum: “Our Traditions”, “History of the School”, “Local History”, Military - Patriotic Section- “No one is forgotten...”, “History of the city.”
You see the “Our Traditions” stand. Here are collected albums telling about the everyday work of our teachers and many former students. These are some of the favorite exhibits for many of our visitors, especially for those who once studied at this school. They leave the warmest memories of childhood, youth, and wonderful school years. And what interesting albums about former teachers and students. Teacher dynasty. Hereditary teachers worked and work in our school, that is, those whose parents and, possibly, grandparents were also teachers, for whom the teaching profession was not a random choice.
Teacher dynasties.
1 Lilya Faizrakhmanovna Samatova, biology teacher, has worked at the school since 1981. to 2007
Yamaev’s daughter Angela Elgisovna, a teacher, has been working since September 1, 1997 to this day.
2 Nasibullina Lena Minulovna, primary school teacher, working 1969 to this day
Shafikova's daughter Irina Feliksovna, a primary school teacher, has been working since 1992.
3 Zinova Tamara Fedorovna, music worker, has worked at the school since 1999. to 2001
Kryukova Irina Aleksandrovna, psychologist, has been working at the school since 2001.
4 Taisiya Ivanovna Zamaraeva, teacher, has worked at the school since 1979. to 1998
Gudkova Natalya Semenovna, teacher, 1980-2003.
Samatova L.F. Yamaeva A.E.
Shafikova I.F. Nasibullina L.M.
Zinova T.F. Kryukova I.A.
Gudkova N.S. Zamaraeva G.
First teachers
Balandina Lidia Mikhailovna
Antropova Valentina Stepanovna
Galeva Venera Mullayanovna
Nasibullina Lena Minullovna
Our teachers are Veterans of the Great Patriotic War
The school is proud of its veterans. Veterans of the Great Patriotic War Sultan Saitovich Saitov and Iraida Nikitichna Timofeeva worked at the school for many years, giving away the warmth of their souls. Iraida Nikitichna Timofeeva was called up to the front in the summer of 1943. She ended up on the Ukrainian Front and became a front-line driver of a GAZik - a semi-truck. The girl drove the wounded to the hospital. We had to carry military equipment, drinking water, straw, firewood... At the end of the war, Iraida Nikitichna was wounded by shrapnel and ended up in a military hospital in Warsaw, where she celebrated Victory Day. Timofeeva Iraida Nikitichna for the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. awarded the Order of the Patriotic WarIIdegrees." Home front workers also made a huge contribution to the war. The school is proud of its veterans. They worked at the school for many years, giving away the warmth of their souls. Our home front veterans: Bayazitov Aimet Pavlovich, Gibaeva Nasima Galimovna, Zavarina Zoya Ivanovna, Dyachkova Valentina Akimovna, Zamaraeva Taisiya Ivanovna, Metuzene Salikha Gabdrakhmanovna, Rzhevkina Valentina Mikhailovna, Rostovtseva Maria Petrovna, Sabirov Nil Kabirovich, Samusko Ekaterina Andreevna, Tyulkina Klav Diya Alekseevna, Shakirova Shakira Nazhipovna.
Our veterans.
Timofeeva Iraida Nikitichna.
Now look to the right. In front of you is a large stand called “History of the School”, which is a continuation of the exposition of our traditions. The name itself helps us understand the content of the stand. By decision of the executive committee of the Neftekamsk City Council of Workers' Deputies of the BASSR No. 354 dated September 9, 1969, the Neftekamsk special (correctional) comprehensive boarding school was openedVIIIspecies, then it had a different name - an auxiliary school, studied in 1969 - 1970. – 82 students in 6 classes. The school was located in a barracks building on the street. Neftyanikov, 8.
In 1978, the school moved to the building of a former orphanage at 10 A Kuvykin Lane and became a boarding school.VIIIkind. The number of pupils is growing: in 1980 - 1981. – 196 students
in 1982 – 1983 – 230 students
in 1985 – 1986 – 269 – that was the most
a large number of students.
Today there are 178 children studying at the school, 33 of whom are homeschooled.
Bayazitov Aymet Pavlovich was the first director of the school. He laid down traditions, rallied the team, and ensured that the school moved from a barracks building to a standard building.
Over the years of the school's existence, it has developed its own traditions, based on the extensive teaching practice of talented teachers who are enthusiasts of their work.
Lidia Mikhailovna Balandina, Lena Minullinovna Nasibullina, Valentina Stepanovna Antropova, Venera Mullayanovna Galeeva were at the origins of this school.
The experience of the older generation of teachers and educators, together with the latest methods and forms of work, currently allows us to carry out work at a high professional level. The main goal of the school management is to promote the improvement of the qualifications of each member of the teaching staff so that new techniques and teaching methods, the best teaching experience of teachers and educators are the property of every employee. This is carried out with the help of a well-thought-out system of continuous training of teaching staff, which makes it possible to expand general information on psychology, pedagogy, methods of teaching and raising children of different age groups and to obtain the necessary knowledge.
The school’s team of teachers and educators is creative, passionate about their profession.
Special credit for this belongs to Svetlana Fasikhovna Knyazeva. Svetlana Fasikhovna worked as a school director from 1985 to 2009. Back in 1974, she came to this school as a young specialist and worked her way up from teacher, head teacher to director.
Svetlana Fasikhovna has excellent organizational skills, is competent and, of course, a talented leader. The key to her success is a deep, versatile knowledge of psychology and pedagogy, an amazing ability to work, high responsibility, self-demandingness, a creative approach to teaching, love for children, and the great work that the director does with students, teachers, parents and staff.
“In everything I want to get to the very essence” - these words of B. Pasternak can define the life credo of Svetlana Fasikhovna.
Since the new school year of 2009, Zifina Absakhovna Khabibullina has been appointed director.
Right at the entrance you can see the exhibition “Local History”. Here you can find materials about our region. On the display case you see essays, albums and books about our region. On the stands are the most outstanding sights of our Republic of Bashkortostan.The Republic of Bashkortostan is a subject of the Russian Federation, named after the indigenous people - the Bashkirs. The republic is located in the southern part of the Ural Mountains, on the border of Europe and Asia. Bashkortostan is part of the Volga Federal District. The region code is 02.
On March 23, 1919, the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Republic was created - the first national autonomy in Russia. The republic was formed on October 11, 1990, and since February 1992 the name Republic of Bashkortostan was adopted.
The area of Bashkortostan is 143 thousand square meters. km or 0.8% of the total area of the country. In the north, Bashkortostan borders with the Perm Territory and the Sverdlovsk Region, in the east with the Chelyabinsk Region, in the southeast, south and southwest with the Orenburg Region, in the west with the Republic of Tatarstan, and in the northwest with the Udmurt Republic.
The capital of Bashkortostan is the city of Ufa with a population of 1 million 050 thousand people. Bashkortostan has 54 administrative districts, 21 cities, 40 urban-type settlements. The largest cities are Ufa, Sterlitamak, Salavat, Neftekamsk. The climate of the republic is continental with humid, warm summers and moderately harsh winters. The state languages, according to the Constitution of the Republic of Bashkortostan, are Bashkir and Russian. The Republic of Bashkortostan is a multinational region where representatives of more than a hundred nationalities live. By ethnic composition, 36.3% of the population of the republic are Russians, 29.8% are Bashkirs, 24.1% are Tatars. The indigenous population of the republic are Bashkirs. The republic is also home to Chuvash, Mari, Ukrainians, Mordovians, Germans and representatives of other nationalities.
The head of the republic and its highest official is the President of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The highest legislative and representative body is the State Assembly - Kurultai. The highest executive body is the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan.
Now look to the right. An exhibition entitled “Nobody is forgotten, nothing is forgotten” opens before your eyes. It is dedicated to the heroic history of the Great Patriotic War, and to our fellow countrymen, soldiers' widows - participants in this terrible war. These heroic pages of our history have always been and will always be honored.In front of you is a stand for the soldiers' widows of Neftekamsk.
Balakina Nadezhda Konstantinovna. Lost her husband in November 1941. On October 8, 1947, notification No. 1\1436 arrived that the husband, a native of the village of Balakina, Barakhaevsky district, Askinsky district of the BASSR, was missing while at the front. During wartime, she worked on the collective farm “Forward”.
Syutkina Anastasia Ananyevna.Lost her husband on February 17, 1942.She worked on a collective farm in the village of Buysk, Kambarsky district. She worked as a groom on a collective farm, mowing hay and harvesting grain.
Mannanova Nurikamal Khabibullovna.In 1942, he was sent to the front, where he fought at Stalingrad and went missing a month later in April 1942. The family received notification that Mazhit Mannanov had gone missing only in 1944. During the war, Nurikamal Khabibulovna worked on the Paris Commune collective farm. This entire exhibition seems to take us through decades, into the wartime era, making us think, not leaving us indifferent, not allowing us to consign to oblivion the Great exploits of our grandfathers and great-grandfathers.
And now before your eyes is the exhibition “History of the City”. Here are collected exhibits dedicated to our “Little Motherland” - the city of Neftekamsk. In the window you see essays, albums and books about our city. The most outstanding sights of our city are on display.On February 1, 1963, the workers' village of Neftekamsk was transformed into a city of republican subordination. But the birthday is March 3, 1963. Neftekamsk owes its birth to the discovery of a new oil field in the area of the ancient village of Arlan, Krasnokamsk region. The city is the fourth most populous after the cities of Ufa, Sterlitamak and Salavat. Neftekamsk is a multinational city. The average age of residents is 36 years. There are more than 250 veterans of the Great Patriotic War in the city. 30 residents of Neftekamsk have the title “Honorary Citizen of the City”. The favorable geographical location of Neftekamsk at the intersection of roads, railways, and waterways is a natural opportunity to develop economic, cultural and business contacts with friendly neighboring cities and regions of the republic and country. Neftekamsk also grew in size; today the city’s population is about 130 thousand people. National composition: Bashkirs, Russians, Tatars, Mari, etc.The average age of the population is 36 years.The city's education system includes 21 secondary schools, the Bashkir gymnasium, physics and mathematics lyceum No. 1, gymnasium No. 1, 30 preschool institutions, 6 additional education institutions, 2 vocational lyceums, 2 vocational schools, oil, pedagogical and mechanical engineering colleges. Higher education is represented by a branch of the Bashkir State University, the Ufa State Aviation Technical University and specialty 151001 "Mechanical Engineering Technology" at the Neftekamsk Mechanical Engineering College. In addition, the city has numerous branches of faculties of universities in other cities. The city operates: Sberbank, VTB24, Uralsib, Investkapitalbank, RBR, Gazprombank, Rus-Bank and others. Various newspapers and magazines are published: Neftekamsk-Business, “Krasnoe Znamya”, “Contact”, “Vestochka”, “Delovaya”, “Metro 74”, “I Have the Honor”, the magazine “In the City of N” and others. The editorial office of the republican Mari newspaper “Cholman” is located in Neftekamsk. Since December 4, 2004, the republican television and radio broadcasting office of BST-Neftekamsk TV Studio LLC has been operating in the city. In 2007, the city had its own TV channel, Neftekamsk-TV. The Toros hockey club, athletes play in the highest and first leagues of Russian hockey. There is a Youth and Youth Sports School. In Neftekamsk, more than 30 thousand city residents are constantly engaged in 150 sports facilities (38 gyms, 9 teenage clubs, 4 children's and youth sports schools, a center for children's and youth tourism and excursions, the Vened club, 3 swimming pools, the Toros sports complex "with a stadium for 10,000 spectators and an ice palace, a "House of Physical Education", and sports grounds). Every year, the city hosts over 240 city and more than 10 republican and all-Russian mass sports events. The Toros hockey team, well known outside the republic, plays effectively in the national championship. In 2006, the women's volleyball team "Olympus" took 2nd place in the finals of the Russian Championship, representing the national team of the Republic of Bashkortostan. There are 49 sports in the city. Along with traditional sports, bicycle racing, motorsports, auto racing, tourism, kickboxing, alpine skiing, firefighting, equestrian and many other sports have developed.. For many years it has remained the cultural center of northwestern Bashkortostan. 152 creative teams work here. 26 of them were awarded the titles of Exemplary and People's. The annual program of city cultural events includes many festivals and competitions, including the International Festival of National Cultures "Berdemlek - Commonwealth", the International Festival-Competition of Bashkir and Tatar Songs "Duslyk-Mono", Days of National Cultures, Ancestry Festivals (Shezhere) , Republican competition of romance performers "Romansiada" and others. Among the city's attractions is the Neftekamsk Museum of History and Local Lore.
Conclusion
Our excursion has come to an end. Just that you once again independently examined the wealth of our school museum. I would like to note that all the exhibitions in our museum are constantly being replenished, the museum is growing. Perhaps in the future the museum will tell enthusiastic visitors about your successes, about you, your loved ones and friends. To do this, I urge you to contribute to the replenishment of our museum, bring old objects, things that may not be useful to you, but here they will take their rightful place and will play the role of witnesses of the past... The past of our school, our region, our “small homeland” .
And from this the history of our Republic, our Fatherland, and the whole world is made up. When you become adults, don’t forget school, our museum, come here, tell us about yourself and your successes. It is possible that information about you will become interesting and useful for future generations of students.
Let us end our excursion with lines from the poem of the Belarusian sweater Petrus Brovka:
“It’s not a shame to show a museum,
Everything is collected here from us.
What they once lived with, apparently,
You can see what we are living now.”
And now all the best. We invite you to visit our museum again, invite your brothers, dads, moms, friends and acquaintances with you.
After this, the tourists, under the guidance of a guide, leave the museum and assembly hall in an orderly manner.
List of used literature
1.Methodology of historical and local history work at school. Manual for teachers. Ed. N.S. Borisova. Moscow, “Enlightenment”, 1982.
2.M.P.Novikov, M.S.Zelikman, A.N.Yashina. Oil on the Kama. Moscow, “Nedra”, 1988.
3. History of the Fatherland. Schoolchildren's Handbook. Moscow, 1996.
Excursion to the school local history museum "Renaissance"
Purpose of the excursion:
Introduce students to the exhibitions of the school museum;
Foster patriotism, love and respect for school;
Promote the development of communication competencies.
Duration of the excursion: 20-25 minutes.
A group of excursionists gathers in the school corridor at the entrance to the museum.
The action plays out before us:
Petya sits at the table, he reads and gradually falls asleep. Janus appears. Petya wakes up. He looks at Janus in amazement.
Janus: Are you scared? Didn't expect to see me? Didn't recognize it?
Petya: Why didn’t you find out? Found out. Dad, I still won’t teach lessons.
Janus: (stunned) I'm not dad. I am Janus, God of time.
Petya: No, I see your masks. But I’m wondering, dad, why did you put them on?
Janus: I'm not the dad, I'm not the dad.
Petya: And who?
Janus: I am Janus, the ancient Roman God, God of Time.
Petya: So you are from a computer game.
Janus: What game? Well, wait, I’ll show you the “game” now.
(He turns around and slaps Petya on the head. Petya falls to the floor.)
Petya: Wow, looks like it’s not a game. And my dad doesn’t seem to fight.
Janus. I told you, but you didn’t believe me.
Petya: So you really are Janus?
Janus: Indeed.
Petya: That's great! And can you take me back in time?
Janus: I can.
Petya: How will we go?
Janus: As you wish.
Petya: In a time machine?
Janus: Let's go by car.
Petya: Can you do it on a top?
Janus: You can do it on a top.
Petya: What if it’s in the closet?
Janus: As you wish.
Petya: Where are we going? Let's fly back to the past.
Janus: That's understandable. Where exactly?
Petya: I don’t know. Somewhere.
Janus: Okay! To fly, you must insert the key into the door (the door of the school museum), turn it twice and say: “Ready to go back.” Forward! Time machine, full speed ahead” Do you remember everything?
Petya: Yes.
Janus: Have you changed your mind about flying yet?
Petya: No. (takes the key, says the words,! Time machine, full speed, Forward! opens the museum door).
Mysterious music sounds. Petya, together with the audience, enters the school museum. They are greeted by local historians dressed in Russian folk costumes.
Head of the museum: Good afternoon, dear friends! Today we invite you to take a short tour of our local history museum. The excursion will be conducted by our local history guides - Buyanova Anastasia, Egin Ivan.
Local historian 1: Nastya
Peace be with you, dear guests,
You arrived at a good hour
I will greet you kindly and warmly
We prepared for you!
Local historian 2 : Ivan says, Nastya brings and hands the bread and salt.
Greet with honor and honor
Greet generously, from the heart,
With great respect,
We meet such guests
A round, fluffy loaf.
It was not in vain that they grew bread,
They were harvesting.
You accept, dear ones,
Gamaleevsky is our loaf.
We bring salt with the loaf.
Bowing, we ask you to taste.
Our dear guest and friend,
Take the bread and salt from your hands.
The presenters present Penner N.V. Bread, salt.
Local historian 1: Today during the excursion,You and I will learn a lot of interesting and new things from the life of our ancestors, about their way of life, culture, activities and much more. Exhibits - household items, documents, albums, expositions, photographs, and much more that are in our museum will tell us about this.
Who was the most attentive, I'll find out at the end of our excursion.
Local historian2:
The school museum of local history at the Gamaleevskaya school was created in September 2002 and was named “Renaissance”.
The initiator of the creation of the museum, a former teacher of history and local history, is Valentina Ivanovna Reshetova. A search group of guys worked under her leadership. They collected exhibits and historical information for the museum from the local population and in the regional museum of local lore.
Local historian2 : Since 2011, the head of the museum is Korenkova E.N. The association “Museum Business” was created. The museum currently contains 85 exhibits. Among the main fund there are 6 sections: 1 section “My small Motherland - Gamaleevka” reveals the sights of the village, 2 section “Orenburg -270 years old”, “Sorochinsk” introduces us to the historical places of the city of Orenburg and the city of Sorochinsk. The next section reveals the emergence and development of the village of Gamaleevka and the formation of the Pobeda collective farm. The section “They Fought for the Motherland” introduces us to fellow villagers who took part in the Great Patriotic War.” “The chronicle of the Gamaleev School tells us about the history of the emergence and development of the school, with teaching staff carrying out their activities in different years.
Local historian1:
And the next section is very interesting for me, it introduces us to household items, kitchen utensils, and other things of a country house.
Anya and Yulia come out in Russian folk sundresses with words.
They go out to Russian folk music.
Anna Kontyaeva and Yulia Ivanova talk and show exhibits.
Today Anya and YuliaThey point at each other with their hand, supposedly introducing each other.
They will tell the story
How our ancestors lived
Just a century ago.
Anya:
There is an iron in front of you,
This is grandma's old friend.
At that time he was warming himself on the coals,
Which was in all the yards.
(Burning coals were placed in special holes in the iron and
fanned for the iron to heat up.)
Julia:
Here are the old jugs.
They are made of clay.
They cooked food in them for the whole day,
Eat porridge if you feel like it.
Anya:
And these are the spatulas.
We jumped into them over bumps.
They were woven from bast,
We couldn’t do it here without a kochedyk.
Julia:
Washed with spring water
They wiped themselves with a towel.
It was woven from flax,
Decorate with embroidery later.
(The canvas is made from an amazing plant - flax, it “breathes”
breathable, unlike modern synthetic fabrics.
This fabric is very durable. The towels were treasured and passed down from generation to generation.)
Anya:
They stood important by the stove,
Like steadfast soldiers
Pots of porridge from the oven
They pull with iron grips.
Julia:
Here's a ruble - it's a wonderful name,
It is easy to use.
Irons linen with ease,
Chopped from wood.
(With the help of this item, peasant women smoothed dampened linen canvases).
Anya:
This hoe is a craftswoman,
Chops meat and vegetables.
Replaced in this century,
On the processor.
Julia:
And this is an old samovar,
Grandfather drank tea from him.
It was made in Tula,
And he stood on my grandmother’s chair.
Anya:
The museum has ancient coins,
But you can’t buy candy with them anymore.
They are all from those times
We will find a place for them here.
We close our story.
We extend the memory of our ancestors.
Let's turn back time.
We'll meet again soon.
Local historian2 : Popular wisdom says: “Don’t forget the old - it keeps the new.”
In our museum: iron, samovar,
Antique carved spinning wheel...
Is it possible to love your land?
Without knowing the history of the region?
Local historian 1 :
Sometimes it’s such a miracle here,
Will get caught among things...
Anyone will be jealous
Museum of Local Lore...
Here on this material,
What we collected from the heart,
At least some scientific one
Write your dissertation...
Local historian 2 :
Collecting the things of our ancestors,
We love our land more than ever,
There is no school without a museum,
Without your own history!
Yes, creating a museum is no joke -
It takes a lot of effort and years,
So that I can be proud of the museum
Young local historian!
Nastya says, Ivan points to the exhibits on the table with a pointer - documentation.
Local historian 1: The collection of museum exhibits continues. Our local history guides conduct excursions and meet with veterans of the Great Patriotic War and local residents. Then they design albums and stands about the people of their native land and village, and conduct excursions around the museum for elementary and middle school students, and for school guests.
Local historian 2: And now a little quiz based on the materials from our excursion. We will determine the most active and attentive visitor to our museum, who will receive a commemorative certificate.
Sample quiz questions.
When was our museum opened? (September 2002)
What material was used to make the dishes? Why? (made of clay)
What was the ruble used for? (smoothed linen canvases)
Why was the iron called coal? (placed coals)
What role did the grip play on the farm? (pots were pulled from the stove)
In what city was the samovar made? (in Tula)
After the quiz, leading local historians hand out medals with a friend of the museum written on them to the most active quiz participants and thank the children.
Petya: How beautiful!
Janus: Well, our journey is coming to an end. Now tell me if you are happy that you visited the past.
Petya:
Yes, I'm very pleased
I even wrote poetry.
The museum is a living embodiment
Of past centuries and days of yore,
Souls and hearts reflection
In the things of friends and relatives.
Keeping the past alive,
He pulls a thread into the future.
His service is holy -
To unite the centuries.
Janus:
Well, now say goodbye.
We're going back.
(at this moment the doors of the museum open and Petya, along with everyone else, joyfully goes out into the corridor)
(Everyone comes out to bow)
Head of the museum: The great Soviet geographer N.N. Baransky said: “To love your Motherland, you need to know it well.” Our excursion has come to an end, but local history work continues. We hope that you will not be indifferent to what you learned about today. The land on which we live is fraught with many mysteries and historical finds. Love your land, your village, make it better, more beautiful. Thank you all for your attention.
for children of senior preschool age
Integration of educational areas:“Music”, “Safety”, “Socialization”, “Communication”, “Cognition”, “Reading fiction”, “Artistic creativity”.
Target:
- Introduce children to Russian folk costume, lace, embroidery.
- Show the originality of the Russian people, manifested in the skill of folk craftsmen.
- To instill in children respect for the national heritage, the desire to preserve and enrich it as a priceless treasury of beauty.
Preliminary work. Prepare the room for receiving guests: along the walls there are benches, at the side wall there is an exhibition of products made by members of the circle and adults in the traditions of folk crafts /lace, spinning, knitting, embroidery/; hang embroidered towels, men's and women's suits, hats, shoes; cover the tables with homemade tablecloths and place a samovar, a kerosene lamp, on the chest - knitting, a tow with a spindle, an embroidery hoop.
/The musical background “Variations on the Themes of Russian Folk Songs” plays, the hostess cleans the little room, children from the “Our Roots” club enter/
Hostess: Hello, girlfriends, come in, sit on the oak benches, make yourself at home. Thank you for coming to my gathering.
/Children take their places doing needlework. Sing a song/
Hostess: So a rich harvest has been collected in the bins. The Pokrovushka-Pokrova itself has arrived - the time for gatherings, fairs and weddings. And in order to play a wedding, you need to collect a dowry. So get to work, darlings.
and to get things moving, start a song.
“Like barley was born in a field” r.n.p.
/Knock on the door, children and adult members of the folklore ensemble of the House of Culture “Gorenka” enter/
Hostess: Come in, dear guests! Guest for guest - joy for the owner. Please go to hell! For a red guest - a red place!
Adult: How cozy it is in your place, Akulina! What are you doing here? Hostess: I’ll tell you everything now, dear guests! I’ll tell you about Russian handicrafts and arrange a “linen show” for you. My girlfriends and assistants have already gotten down to business. They spin yarn from sheep's wool, knit lace, socks, and mittens. They prepare a dowry for themselves and try to make the product beautifully. Alena, as the popular wisdom says?
Alena: “It’s not that it’s expensive, like red gold, but it’s that it’s made of good craftsmanship.” The Russian people created from simple materials: wood, clay, wool, flax, but the value of craftsmen's products was determined not by the price of the material, but by the skill and imagination of the master, and there were many talented craftsmen in Rus'. And even now our region is famous for its craftsmen and craftsmen.
Round dance "Spinning Spinning" r.n.m.
Hostess: They sang and danced nicely, and they sang even better about the spinning wheel, and she really is a beauty, look.
/Children look at illustrations depicting different examples of spinning wheels, rollers, and spindles. The housewife draws the children's attention to the decorations of the spinning wheels/
Hostess: We see solar symbols on the spinning wheels; they stand against everything evil and dark. In the middle and lower parts, plowed land is depicted in the form of shaded diamonds. The spinning wheel is designed for spinning wool and flax. And they wove material from threads, then sewed clothes.
Child: It’s autumn now. October - pazdernik - means “the month of flax cleaning.” How is it cleaned, Aunt Akulina?
Hostess: And this is how it is sung in the song. Nastenka, start singing!
Staging of the song “Green Flax” r.n.p.
Hostess: In the song you heard the whole sequence of processing flax, then comes spinning and weaving.
Child: Please tell us about how clothes are sewn and decorated. After all, clothing should not only keep warm, but also protect a person from all sorts of adverse influences and influences. Hostess: Yes, sewing and decorating clothes was deeply meaningful and organized. Children, it is better to see once than to hear a hundred times. Come and take a look, and the girls will tell you what’s what.
/The hostess opens a screen with illustrations of Russian folk costumes of the Belgorod region. Musical background “Folk tunes” r.n.m. The children look at the exhibition, and the girls talk about Russian folk clothing and headdresses/
Round dance “Will I go out to the river” r.n.m.
Hostess: Oh, how well the girls danced, as if they were knitting lace. Guys, look, here you see light, transparent lace with delicate patterns that captivate with their beauty to this day.
/Children look at lace/
1 girl. Do you know that lace appeared 300 years ago in Venice. They were very beautiful. They were worn in the form of collars, cuffs, the richest women's dresses were made from them, they were used to decorate men's camisoles / jackets /, hats, gloves, underwear, upholstered furniture, room walls, carriages...
2 girl. Lace can be woven with a needle./Showing/ Its main elements: large and small loop, mignonette, corner, flower, berry.
Girl 3: Lace is especially delicate when made from thin threads. You can knit napkins, collars, tie a scarf /show/.
"Lace" r.n.p. performed by the Gorenka ensemble
Hostess: Our Russian land is famous for its embroiderers. Embroidery is one of the types of folk art; clothes, household items and premises are decorated with embroidery.
/Examine the types of embroidery on portraits, paintings, towels, pillowcases, tablecloths, runners, wipers./
1 girl. On the patterns we see various patterns of flowers, birds, fairy-tale characters, and animals. Each embroidery has its own name depending on the place of its origin - manufacture.
2 girl. /showing illustrations/. So, in the village of Kresttsy, Novgorod region, they perform krestetsky stitch, and in the Nizhny Novgorod region - guipure stitch, and in Ryazan - Ryazan embroidery.
Hostess: And I’ll also tell you a secret that the clothes of the bride and groom were decorated with embroidery. Let's start a round dance game.
Karagod-game “Princesses” r.n.m. adults and children play.
Hostess: So the evening is coming to sleep. It's time for us to say goodbye. Boys.
1. “Play - don’t get tired, it wouldn’t go away!”
2. “Honor for the guest, joy for the owner!”
3. “The guest is happy - the owner is happy!”
Guests: Thank you, hostess, for your hospitality.
Hostess: Thank you, dear musicians and singers! Goodbye, dear guests! You are welcome to visit us next time.
Goals:
To introduce antique objects, their purpose in the past and their value now;
Develop intelligence and creative thinking;
To cultivate love for our small Motherland and respect for antiques.
Equipment: School museum exposition, multimedia
Progress of the event
Guests enter the museum to the music “On the Mountain is Viburnum.”
Presenter:
We welcome dear guests
a round, fluffy loaf.
We bring you a loaf of bread,
bowing, we ask you to taste.
The guests, having tasted the loaf, take their places.
Head of the Museum: Hello, guys, guests!
We are glad to welcome you to our school museum. Today we want to invite you on an unusual journey - a journey into the distant past of our village and the people who inhabit it. Along the way, we will look into the house of a Russian peasant, get acquainted with many ancient things, learn their history and much more new and interesting things.
Head of the museum: It was a long time ago, when on the site of today’s village of Kulagino, dense bushes grew and Bashkir tribes hunted...
scene
(3 women, 3 men, 1 boy come out with bundles and objects)
1st woman - Lord! But where have we come? Steppes and hills all around! Oh my goodness!
2nd woman - We must turn back! To the Ryazan province
3rd woman - Oh, Mother of God, how are we going to live here?
1st woman - (Wails) Lord! Oh my God!
Told you. If it were not for hunger and poverty, we would never have gone to these wild unknown places.
2nd man - And herbs, herbs! Above you and me. What peace all around!
1st man - And the sky, the sky is so blue...
2nd man - Everything smells like smoke. And what smell does wormwood emit?
1st man - And there’s so much land - look, how good it is...
Perhaps the Lord will help us, he will have mercy on us, and we will settle down on this earth.
3rd man - Look, guys, there’s a wide and clean river nearby!
And such a calm silence.
1st man - Well, dear ones, we will live, we will build a village.
(takes his son by the hand)
1st man - Look, son, your open spaces, this is your land. You live here. Be the master of everything.
(line up)
1st man - They cut down huts, uprooted the wilds, developed lands - the distance was calling.
1st woman - They named their village Kulagino after the surname of the Ryazan leader.
Head of the Museum: Among the first settlers were the Ledenev, Kulagin, and Solov families. In our museum there is a photograph of the descendants of the first settlers Kulagin Sazon Osipovich with his family.
The first winter, the pioneers spent the winter in dugouts at the foot of Mount Svyatikova; they did not have time to build huts. But in the spring of 1784, they began to uproot the wilds and cut down huts, and the village of Kulagino stretched out like a ribbon of one street in the meadows near the river under the hill. Our ancestors built good-quality wooden huts with carved platbands.
Let's take a quiet look into the old peasant hut.
(The lights go out. Quiet music plays. A candle or lamp is lit)
In a low room with a casement window
The lamp glows in the twilight of the night
The weak light will completely freeze,
It will shower the walls with trembling light.
The new light is neatly tidied up;
The window curtain turns white in the darkness;
The floor is planed smooth, the ceiling is even,
The stove collapsed into a corner,
On the walls there are installations with grandfather's goods,
A narrow bench covered with a carpet,
Painted hoop with an extendable chair...
And the bed is carved with a colored canopy.
Cramped living conditions made it necessary to keep the house clean in order to avoid epidemics. The tidy housewife scrubbed the table, benches and floor white almost every day.
Any peasant hut began with a red corner. It was a place of honor. Here on a special shelf there were icons, sacred books were kept, and a lamp was burning. Every guest entering the hut, at the threshold, first of all found the red corner with his eyes, took off his hat, made the sign of the cross three times and bowed low to the images, and only then greeted the owners. The most valuable guests were seated in the red corner. During the wedding, the newlyweds sat here.
In our red corner (shows) we see the icon of John the Baptist, donated by Vera Sergeevna, a resident of the village of Petina. The icon was decorated with embroidery and a lamp was hung, which was lit during prayer. Under the icons there were usually sacred books of prayer, which were carefully passed down from generation to generation. This prayer book ( shows) was found in a dilapidated house and transferred to the museum by Natalya Pavlovna Kubyshkina; by the way, it weighs almost 3 kg.
As for the furniture, there was not much of it in the hut, and it did not differ in variety.
Table, benches, benches, chests, dish shelves - that's probably all.
The closest corner to the door was occupied by the stove. ( shows)
We are glad to see you at the stove.
Without her the house is empty,
You can fry in it, you can soar in it,
And in winter with her it’s like in spring.
In the old days they said this:
“The oven is our dear mother to all,
The stove is all red summer,
I sleep and eat by the stove.”
The stove was an integral part of the peasant hut.
Guys, what do you think the stove was used for? (children's answers)
That's right, guys, they cooked food in the oven: they baked pies and bread, cooked porridge and cabbage soup. And everything turned out amazingly tasty and nutritious,
but there are two more exotic functions of the Russian stove that you have hardly heard of.
Peasants who did not have a bathhouse ... steamed in the oven. This procedure was considered therapeutic in Rus'. To do this, after firing, the coals were removed from the furnace. The inside was thoroughly swept and covered with straw. The lover of steaming climbed feet first and lay down on the straw. The door was closed behind him. If it was necessary to add steam, they sprinkled water on the hot arch. While steaming, they whipped themselves with a birch broom. True, we had to wash ourselves with water in the entryway.
I'll tell you about one more function of the oven - the mother oven. From the childhood memories of G.R. Derzhavin. The great poet was born weak and premature. And for several months the baby lay in a Russian oven, wrapped in dough. The temperature was regulated, the dough was changed, and the oven carried the baby in its womb for up to nine months. Since then he lived a long and glorious life. That's the mother stove!
A stove is indispensable for a Russian person; its reliability can rival even a modern microwave oven. Listen to one story.
A lot of things happened in our village of Kulagino, you can’t remember them all, they say there was also such a case!
Once upon a time, my grandfather and grandmother lived in our village. In their hut there was a large Russian stove, a beauty and a helper! Grandfather once built this stove himself! I chose the best brick for her! It turned out to be a good stove, big and functional, you could even sleep on it!
Every morning the grandmother lit the stove with dry wood and put cast iron in the stove, in one she heated water, in the other she cooked delicious thick rich cabbage soup, in the third she cooked crumbly porridge with butter! And on holidays, grandma baked butter rolls, lush pies with berries, shangi with potatoes, kulebyaki with fish! During the cold season, grandfather and grandmother climbed onto the stove and warmed their old bones!
Grandfather and grandmother loved their stove and took care of it! Grandfather repaired it every summer, cleaned it of soot, and grandma always whitewashed it and changed the curtains. The stove paid them back - it fired regularly and warmed the hut.
One day, grandchildren from the city came to visit their grandparents. We gave the old people a beautiful miracle stove. This stove did not need to be heated with wood, just connect it to electricity and press the buttons. This beautiful miracle oven was called a microwave!
The grandchildren have left, but grandma can’t get enough of it! Passion, how eager I was to cook cabbage soup and porridge in such a miracle stove! She bakes pies, shangi, and kulebyaki in it! Yes, he praises this stove so much that the microwave is really proud here, stands on the table, and boasts in front of the Russian stove: “Look, I’m so beautiful, useful, clean, smart! There is no need to heat me with wood, I don’t smoke, I don’t smoke, there’s no need to clean me of soot! As soon as the food is ready, I immediately give the hostess a signal! I have a door with a window, you can see everything through it, nothing gets burned in me! I don’t take up much space, it’s not like you cluttered up the whole kitchen!” And the Russian stove is in the kitchen, and she sighs sadly: “Yes, my grandparents completely forgot about me, they don’t look after me like they used to!” Grandfather doesn’t fix me - the bricks have started to fall out of me, grandma hasn’t whitewashed me for a long time, and hasn’t changed the curtains! But for how many years I served them faithfully! Grandfather caught a bad cold last winter, I cured him with my warmth! Their grandchildren, when they were little, came to their grandparents in the winter for the holidays! After walking outside, they came home, climbed on top of me and warmed themselves, and I dried their clothes, mittens, socks, felt boots! Granny treated them to milk steamed in me! But now, apparently, they don’t need it anymore!” The stove is standing there, worried, and because of these worries, the bricks began to fall out of it even more!
Here they also installed heating for the old people, heating batteries were installed in the kitchen and in the rooms! They were delighted, looked at the Russian stove, and decided to disassemble it! The stove took offense at them and left the house at night! Grandfather and grandmother did not grieve too much, and then completely forgot about their good helper! They didn’t remember for a long time, but then they still had to remember!
Dashing days have come! They began to turn off electricity often in the village! It was very bad for the old people! There is no electricity, the radiators are not heating, the miracle oven is not working! It became cold in the hut, the old man and the old woman were hungry! They got sick, they got sunburned! That’s when they remembered about their little darling stove! They began to look for their nurse and assistant and call her back: “Come to us little stove, come!” We feel bad without you! There is nowhere to warm up, nowhere to cook cabbage soup and porridge for us, nowhere to bake pies! Forgive us, come to us, we will offend you and repair you! Let’s whitewash it, hang beautiful curtains, and you will become even better and more beautiful with us!”
The stove took pity on the old people and returned to the hut! Grandfather repaired the Russian stove, installed new bricks here and there, granny whitewashed it, hung new curtains! The Russian stove has become better than before! Grandma can’t get enough of the Russian stove, the cabbage soup and porridge are even tastier, the pies are even more magnificent, and grandfather is now sleeping on the stove, warming his old bones! The old people will heat up their stove in the morning and the hut will be warm and cozy all day long! And the Russian stove stands in the kitchen and is glad that my grandparents also found it useful!
They put the microwave on the chest of drawers and covered it with a napkin so it wouldn’t get dusty or dirty, it was a gift after all! It’s a good thing, but when there’s no electricity, it’s useless! I can neither cook nor heat food in it! So she stands with her grandmother and grandfather doing nothing! It’s not for nothing that people say that you can’t think of anything better than a Russian stove! She doesn’t care whether there is electricity in the house or not, if you heat it with firewood, she will feed you, give you something to drink, warm you up, and heal you!
The Russian stove has served people for centuries, and will serve people for centuries to come!
From ancient times
These things came to us.
If you take them in your hands
And if you look, you will understand
What are they for?
Why are they useful and important?
There were people before
What a service they did.
The old pair is a poker and a grip. But they are the most necessary “stove” residents.
Poker they raked out the ash from the stove and stirred up the coals. (shows)
With a grip (shows) the housewife deftly hooked pot-bellied pots or cast iron pots and sent them into the oven or took them out of the oven. IN cast iron Food was served on the table - it did not cool down for a long time.
They stand so important by the stove,
Like steadfast soldiers.
Pots of porridge from the oven
They pull with iron grips.
It is not an easy task to put a cast iron pot into a stove. Want to try it guys? ( 1-2 people try with music)
There was always a towel hanging next to the stove. (shows) and a washstand is a clay or iron vessel with two drain spouts on the sides. (shows).
We washed ourselves with spring water,
They wiped themselves off a towel.
It was woven from flax,
Decorate with embroidery later.
More than once during the day the housewife rinsed her dirty hands and wiped them with a towel.
(Mortar, pestle and broom) ( shows)
Baba Yaga sits in the mortar, drives with a pestle, and covers the trail with a broom.
What are they for the peasant?
The grain was pounded in a mortar with a pestle, clearing it of husks. They swept the inside of the oven with a broom, and then put the dough of the future loaf there with a shovel.
How many of you want to prepare flour for a loaf? (2 people come out and pound grains to the music)
Guess what subject we are talking about?
I was dug, I was trampled,
I was at the circle, I was at the fire, I was at the market,
As much as I could, I fed the whole family,
I endured it myself - I didn’t eat anything.
As he grew old, he began to wear swaddling clothes.
The clay is first dug, then kneaded: crushed or trampled underfoot, then made on a potter's wheel - kruzhal, then sold at the market. For the family, the pot was an essential item; cabbage soup, porridge, and any other tasty dish were cooked in it. The dish was served directly in the pot to the table. When the pot became old and showed the first cracks, it was wrapped in birch bark strips, and it continued to serve people further, although it was not put in the oven. Well, if it fell and broke, it became unusable and the shards were thrown out the window.
Chernets is a great fellow, he climbed into the red gold.
He laughs until he laughs and wants to jump out.
Can you guess what it is? This is cast iron, ( shows ) it, like the pot, was indispensable in the household, but it was heavier in weight, since it was made of cast iron, a special type of metal that could withstand any fire and never break.
Our ancestors wore homespun clothes - linen or wool, which were woven on home looms. And the threads first had to be tensioned. Girls began to spin yarn at the age of 5 and became skilled craftswomen. The nicknames “non-spinner” and “netka” were considered very offensive.
A Russian folk song is playing.
Girl ( Solovyova O) comes out in a suit, sits down and begins to spin,
In a low light
The light is burning.
Young spinner
Sits by the window.
then the music stops.
Spinner: Gilded spinning wheel,
I spin, but the thread stretches,
I spin, but the thread stretches,
I like my job.
Maybe some of you know what I'm doing?
Children: You are spinning a thread.
Spinner: Right. What do I use to spin it?
Children: On a spinning wheel.
Spinner: Spinning Wheel so called because they spin on it. And it works like this: I pull out the wool with my fingers and twist the thread. I start spinning and wind the threads here. What's it called?
Children: Spindle.
Spinner: Spindle correctly. Because it rotates, it is called a spindle. Threads are wound around it. I dance around the hut, twirl the thread,
The more I spin, the fatter I get. Here's how many threads I spun. (Shows a basket with different balls. My grandmother Solovyova Valentina Mikhailovna taught me how to spin, do you want me to teach you? Do you want to try it? (1 person tries to folk music)
2nd guide: Everyday life began with work. Women had to wash and iron their clothes. How was this done? We have here authentic items designed to do just that. Rubel (flat stick, 10-12 cm wide with a handle; roller) Rolling pin (from “skat” - roll out thinly, stretch out).
Here's a ruble - it's a wonderful name,
It is easy to use.
I ironed the linen with ease,
Chopped from wood (shows ruble)
(It is intended to show the children how clothes were washed and ironed.)
There is an iron in front of you
At that time he was warming himself on the coals,
