Arguments for writing the exam on the topic: Reason and feeling. Reason and feelings example (USE Arguments) Literary arguments on the topic of reason

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1 I propose 10 arguments for an essay on the topic: “Reason and feelings” 1. “The Tale of Igor's Campaign” 2. A.S. Pushkin “Eugene Onegin” 3. L.N. Tolstoy “War and Peace” 4. I.S .Turgenev "Asya" 5. A.N. Ostrovsky "Dowry" 6. A.I. Kuprin "Olesya" 7. A.P. Chekhov "Lady with a dog" 8. I.A. Bunin "Dark alleys" 9. V. Rasputin "Live and Remember" 10. M.A. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita" Works Arguments "The Tale of Igor's Campaign" The protagonist of the "Lay" is Prince Igor Novgorod-Seversky. This is a brave, brave warrior, a patriot of his country. Brothers and squad! Better to be killed by swords. Than from the hands of the filthy people! His cousin Svyatoslav, who ruled in Kyiv, in 1184 defeated the Polovtsians, the enemies of Rus', the nomads. Igor could not participate in the campaign. He decided to undertake a new campaign in 1185. There was no need for it, the Polovtsy did not attack Rus' after the victory of Svyatoslav. However, the desire for glory, selfishness led to the fact that Igor spoke out against the Polovtsy. Nature seemed to warn the hero about the failures that would haunt the prince, a solar eclipse occurred. But Igor was adamant. And he said, full of military thoughts, Neglecting the sign of heaven: “I want to break a spear In an unfamiliar Polovtsian field Reason receded into the background. Feelings, moreover, of an egoistic nature, took possession of the prince. After the defeat and escape from captivity, Igor realized the mistake, realized it. That is why the author sings glory to the prince at the end of the work. This is an example of the fact that a person endowed with power must always weigh everything, it is the mind, and not feelings, even if they are positive, that should determine the behavior of a person on whom the lives of many people depend.

2 A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" The heroine Tatyana Larina has strong, deep feelings for Eugene Onegin. She fell in love with him as soon as she saw him in her estate. My whole life was a guarantee of a faithful date with you; I know you were sent to me by God, Until the grave you are my keeper About Onegin: He no longer fell in love with beauties, But he dragged himself somehow; Refuse instantly comforted; Will change was glad to rest. However, Eugene realized how beautiful Tatyana is, that she is worthy of love, and he fell in love with her much later. A lot has happened over the years, and most importantly, Tatyana was already married. And happiness was so possible, So close!.. But my fate is Already decided. (Tatyana's words to Onegin) Meeting after a long separation at the ball showed how strong Tatyana's feelings are. However, she is a highly moral woman. She respects her husband, understands that she must be faithful to him. I love you (why dissemble?), But I am given to another; I will be faithful to him for a century .. In the struggle of feelings and reason, win the mind. The heroine did not tarnish her honor, did not inflict a spiritual wound on her husband, although she deeply loved Onegin. She refused love, realizing that, having tied the knot of her life with a man, she simply must be faithful to him. LN Tolstoy "War and Peace" How beautiful is the image of Natasha Rostova in the novel! As the heroine is spontaneous, open, how she longs for true love. (“Catch the moments of happiness, force yourself to love, fall in love yourself! Only this alone is the real thing in the world, the rest is all nonsense” - the words of the author) She sincerely fell in love with Andrei Bolkonsky, waiting for the year to pass in which their wedding should take place. However, fate has prepared a serious test for Natasha meeting with the handsome Anatole Kuragin. He just

3 charmed her, feelings flooded over the heroine, and she forgot about everything. She is ready to flee into the unknown, just to be close to Anatole. How Natasha blamed Sonya, who told her family about the upcoming escape! Feelings were stronger than Natasha. The mind just went silent. Yes, the heroine will repent later, we feel sorry for her, we understand her desire to love. (I am tormented only by the evil that I did to him. Tell only him that I ask him to forgive, forgive, forgive me for everything) himself: Andrei freed her from all obligations. (And of all the people I loved and hated no one else like her.) Reading these pages of the novel, you think about a lot. It is easy to say what is good and what is bad. Sometimes feelings are so strong that a person simply does not notice how he is rolling into the abyss, succumbing to them. But still, it is very important to learn to subordinate feelings to reason, and not to subordinate, but simply to coordinate, to live in such a way that they are in harmony. Then many mistakes in life can be avoided. I.S. Turgenev "Asya" 25-year-old N.N. travels carelessly, however, without a goal and a plan, meets new people, and almost never visits sights. This is how I. Turgenev's story "Asya" begins. The hero will have to endure a difficult test or test of love. This feeling arose in him for the girl Asya. It combined cheerfulness and eccentricity, openness and isolation. But the main difference from the rest. Perhaps this is due to her former life: she lost her parents early, the 13-year-old girl was left in the arms of her older brother, Gagin., Asya realized that she really fell in love with N.N., and therefore behaved unusually: sometimes closing, trying to retire, sometimes wanting to attract attention. Mind and feeling seem to be fighting in it, the inability to drown out the love for N.N. Unfortunately, the hero turned out to be not as decisive as Asya, who confessed her love to him in a note. N.N. also experienced strong feelings for Asya: “I felt some kind of sweetness, sweetness in my heart: it was as if they poured me honey there.” But for too long he thought about the future with the heroine, postponing the decision for tomorrow. And there is no tomorrow for love. Asya and Gagin left, but the hero could not find a woman in his life with whom he would connect his fate. Too much

4 Memories of Asya were strong, and only a note reminded of her. So the mind became the reason for the separation, and the feelings were not able to lead the hero to decisive actions. “Happiness has no tomorrow, it has no yesterday, it does not remember the past, does not think about the future. He only has the present. And it's not a day. And a moment." A.N. Ostrovsky "Dowry" The heroine of the play Larisa Ogudalova. She is a dowry, that is, at marriage, her mother is not able to prepare a dowry, which was customary for a bride. Larisa's family is of average income, so she does not have to hope for a good match. So she agreed to marry Karandyshev, the only one who offered her to marry. She does not feel any love for her future husband. But a young girl wants to love! And in her heart this feeling of love for Paratov was already born, who once charmed her, and then just left. Larisa will have to experience a strong internal struggle between feeling and reason, a duty to the person she marries. Paratov seemed to bewitch her, she admires him, gives in to a feeling of love, a desire to be with her beloved. She is naive, believes the words, thinks that Paratov loves her just as much. But what a bitter disappointment she had to experience. In the hands of Paratov, she is simply a “thing.” Reason still wins, insight comes. True, later. “Thing, yes, thing! They are right, I am a thing, not a person. Finally, a word has been found for me, you have found it. Every thing must have an owner, I will go to the owner. And I no longer want to live, to live in a world of lies and deceit, to live without being truly loved (what a shame that she is chosen - heads or tails). Death for the heroine is a relief. How tragic her words sound: “I was looking for love and did not find it. They looked at me and look at me as if they were fun. AI Kuprin "Olesya" "Love knows no boundaries." How often do we hear these words, and repeat them ourselves. However, in life, unfortunately, not everyone is able to overcome these boundaries. How beautiful is the love of the village girl Olesya, who lives in the bosom of nature, far from civilization, and the intellectual, city dweller Ivan Timofeevich! The strong, sincere feeling of the heroes is exposed

5 test: the hero must decide to marry a village girl, and even a sorceress, as she is called around, to connect life with a person who lives according to other laws, as if in another world. And the hero could not make a choice in time. Reason had weighed on him too long. Even Olesya noticed insincerity in the character of the hero: ““ Your kindness is not good, not cordial. You are not master of your word. Love to take over people, but you yourself do not want to, but obey them. And in the end, loneliness, because the beloved is forced to leave these places, to run away with Manuilikha from superstitious peasants. Beloved did not become her support and salvation. The eternal struggle of reason and feelings in man. How often does it lead to tragedy. Save love without losing your head, understanding the responsibility for your loved one is not given to everyone. Ivan Timofeevich could not stand the test of love. A.P.Chekhov "The Lady with the Dog" A resort novel can be called the plot of A.Chekhov's story "The Lady with the Dog". Behind the outward simplicity of the plot lies a deep content. The author shows the tragedy of people who sincerely fell in love with each other. However, family ties connected both his Dmitry Dmitrievich Gurov and her Anna Sergeevna. The opinion of society, the condemnation of others, the fear of publicizing their feelings - all this made the life of loving people simply unbearable. Living in hiding, meeting secretly was simply unbearable. But they had the main thing - love. Both heroes are unhappy and happy at the same time. Love inspired them, tired without love. They gave themselves to affection and tenderness, forgetting about their marital status. The hero changed, began to look at the world differently, ceased to be its usual burner. its human dignity). She does not feel like a fallen woman, and she loves Anna Sergeevna, and this is the main thing. How long will their secret meetings continue. What their love will lead to, each reader can only guess for himself. But the main thing that you understand when you read this work is that love is capable of everything that it transforms, changes people, fills their life with meaning. This feeling has great power over a person, and the mind sometimes falls silent before it by Love.

6 I.A. Bunin “Dark Alleys” How sometimes relationships between people are complicated. Especially when it comes to such a strong feeling as love. What to give preference to: the strength of feelings that have gripped a person, or listen to the voice of reason, which suggests that the chosen one is from another circle, that she is not a couple, which means that there can be no love. So the hero of I. Bunin's novel "Dark Alleys" Nikolai in his youth experienced a great feeling of love for Nadezhda, who was from a completely different environment, a simple peasant woman. The hero could not connect his life with his beloved: the laws of the society to which he belonged too dominated him. Yes, and how many more in life there will be, these Hopes! (It always seems that somewhere there will be something especially happy, some kind of meeting) As a result, life with an unloved woman. Gray days. And only many years later, when he saw Nadezhda again, Nikolai realized that such love was given to him by fate, and he passed her by, past his happiness. And Nadezhda was able to carry this great feeling of love through her whole life. (Youth passes for everyone, but love is another matter.) So sometimes fate, the whole life of a person depends on the choice between reason and feeling. V. Rasputin "Live and Remember" A person should always remember that he is responsible for his loved ones, his loved ones. But Andrei, the hero of V. Rasputin's story "Live and Remember", forgot about this. He became a deserter during the war years, in fact, fled from the front, because he really wanted to see the house, his relatives on vacation, which he received for a few days, but did not have time to get home. A brave soldier, he suddenly became rejected by society. The feeling won over the mind, the desire to be at home turned out to be so strong that he, a soldier, violated the military oath. And with this, the hero made the life of his loved ones miserable: his wife and parents have already become the family of an enemy of the people. Strong feelings for her husband and his wife Nastya. Realizing that she is committing a crime, she helps Andrei, who is hiding from the authorities, does not betray him. (That's why she and a woman, in order to soften and smooth life together, that's why this amazing power was given to her, which is all the more amazing, tender and richer, the more often it is used.) As a result, both she and her perish.

7 unborn child: Nastya threw herself into the river when she realized that she was being chased and she betrayed her beloved. (When everything is fine, it’s easy to be together: it’s like a dream, know breathe, and that’s all. We must be together when it’s bad for why people agree, ”the words of Nastya) A tragedy, a real drama unfolded, because Andrei Guskov succumbed to the power of feelings. You always need to remember about the people living with us, and not to commit rash acts, because otherwise the most terrible death of loved ones can happen. M.A. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita" Love. It's an amazing feeling. It makes a person happy, life takes on new shades. For the sake of love, real, all-encompassing, a person sacrifices everything. So the heroine of the novel by M. Bulgakov, Margarita, for the sake of love, left her outwardly prosperous life. Everything seemed to be fine with her: a husband holding a prestigious position, a large apartment, at a time when many people huddled in communal apartments. (Margarita Nikolaevna did not need money. Margarita Nikolaevna could buy anything she liked. Among her husband’s acquaintances there were interesting people. Margarita Nikolaevna never touched the stove. Margarita Nikolaevna did not know the horrors of living in a joint apartment. In a word, was she happy? one minute!) But there was no main love. so that I finally find her, if this had not happened, she would have poisoned herself, because her life is empty.) And when love came, Margarita went to her beloved. (She looked at me in surprise, and I suddenly, and quite unexpectedly, realized that I have loved this particular woman all my life! - the master will say) What played the main role here? Feelings? Of course yes. Intelligence? Probably he, too, because Margarita deliberately abandoned a prosperous outwardly life. And she no longer cares that she lives in a small apartment. The main thing is that he is her Master nearby. She helps him finish the novel. She is even ready to become a queen at Woland's ball - all this for the sake of love. So both mind and feelings

8 were in harmony in Margarita's soul. (Follow me, reader! Who told you that there is no true, true, eternal love in the world? May the liar be cut off his vile tongue!) Are we condemning the heroine? Here everyone will answer in their own way. But still, life with an unloved person is also wrong. So the heroine made a choice, choosing the path of love, the strongest feeling that a person can experience.

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1 ALEXANDER ANDREEV THE FOUNDATION OF YOUR SUCCESS OR How to use your emotions to achieve incredible success in life. "He who controls his emotions controls his life" SPECIAL EDITION

1. "The Tale of Igor's Campaign":

Reason gave way to feeling, and Igor, instead of a reasonable decision to save the army and his life, after all the omens, decides to die, but not to shame his honor.

2. Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin "Undergrowth":

Reason is completely absent in the actions of Prostakova and Skotinin, they do not even understand the need to protect their serfs, since they have all the welfare of these "masters of life." Mitrofan shows complete control over feelings: when a mother is needed, he fawns over, says that he loves her, and as soon as the mother has lost all power, he announces:

Get off, mother!

He has no sense of responsibility, love, devotion.

3. Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov "Woe from Wit":

The main character - Chatsky - at first glance, is a model of reason. He is educated, understands his place well, determines the political situation, is literate in matters of law in general and serfdom in particular. However, the mind refuses him in an everyday situation, he does not know how to behave in relations with Sophia, when she says that he is not the hero of her novel. In relation to Molchalin, Famusov and the whole secular society, he is bold and daring and, as a result, ends up with nothing. A feeling of annoyance and loneliness squeezes his chest:

My soul here is somehow compressed by grief.

But he is not used to obeying feelings and does not take seriously discord with society, but in vain.

4. Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin "Eugene Onegin":

From his youth, Onegin was used to subordinating feelings to reason: “the science of tender passion” is already proof of this. Having met Tatyana, he “did not give way to a sweet habit”, did not take this feeling seriously, deciding that he could cope with the feeling, as always, when he knew how to “shine with an obedient tear.” Reverse Tatiana. In her youth, she obeyed only feelings. Onegin read her a sermon in which he recommended: "learn to control yourself." The girl took note of these words and took up self-development. By the time of the next meeting with Onegin, she already masterfully controls her feelings, and Eugene could not see a single gram of emotion on her face. But happiness is no longer possible ...

5. Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time":

The main character, Pechorin, is a man consisting of reason and feeling. When he is one on one with nature, with a diary or with a person with whom you do not have to pretend - it is a naked nerve, an emotion. A vivid example in the episode when he drove the horse down the road in pursuit of Vera. He cries in grief. This state lasts for a moment. But the moment passes, and another Pechorin rises above the “crying child” sobbing on the grass and soberly and sternly assesses his behavior. The triumph of reason does not give happiness to this person.

MIND AND FEELING. ARGUMENTS FOR THE ESSAY FOR ADMISSION TO THE USE (BY A.I. KUPRIN’S NOVEL “OLESIA”)

People have been thinking about the human mind and human feelings since ancient times. And there is still no answer to the questions: what is more important in life: mind or feeling? How to live: feeling or reason?

Not a single writer, perhaps, disregarded such pictures of life, where the heroes of the books have an internal struggle, a struggle between reason and feeling.

What was more important in life for Olesya, the main character of A.I. Kuprin's story: feeling or reason? What did she choose, the Polissya sorceress: a calm, far from civilization life without Ivan Timofeevich or the joy of love? Having met an intelligent city man, she fell in love with him. This feeling became all-consuming for Olesya.

Olesya is a reasonable, sensible girl. She had special, unconventional abilities. Olesya took a sober look at life, especially since she foresaw her misfortune when, at the request of her loved one, she read fortunes on the cards. Once she said that she even wanted to ask the young man to stop visiting them. And when he fell ill and she did not see him for a long time, then she decided that it would be, it would be, and she would not give her joy to anyone. When Ivan Timofeevich appeared at Olesya’s after an illness, during this silent meeting he felt that she “joyfully gives him, without any conditions or hesitation, her whole being.”

Ivan Timofeevich invited her to become his wife. The girl said it was impossible. She realized that they were not a couple: he was a gentleman, an intelligent, educated person, and she couldn’t even read. Olesya believed that he would be ashamed of such a wife. Another obstacle is her grandmother. She could not leave her alone, and she could not live in the city.

A lot of tender, grateful words were said by Olesya to Ivan Timofeevich. Olesya made sure that the young man, after an illness, would not catch a cold again in a cool time. She wanted to do something very, very nice. Olesya decided to go to church. The women beat her badly. Was she smart? She deliberately decided on such an act, because she loved very much. After this story, Olesya said that she was to blame, that she did it in vain. She really did not want her beloved to feel guilty.

The reader understands that Olesya's love won over her common sense. But she does not regret that she met with a man not of her circle. Olesya regretted only that she did not have a child from him. She would be very happy about it.

Most will not deny that in the 21st century reason prevails over feelings. Man is given a mind. But not everyone is given such an all-consuming feeling by fate as Olesya's. For her, it came first.

Official comment:
The direction involves thinking about reason and feeling as the two most important components of a person’s inner world, which influence his aspirations and actions. Reason and feeling can be considered both in harmonious unity and in complex confrontation, which constitutes the internal conflict of the personality.
The theme of reason and feeling is interesting for writers of different cultures and eras: the heroes of literary works often face a choice between the command of feeling and the prompting of reason.

Aphorisms and sayings of famous people:
There are feelings that replenish and obscure the mind, and there is a mind that cools the movement of feelings.
M.M. Prishvin
If the feelings are not true, then our whole mind will be false.
Lucretius
A feeling held captive by a crude practical need has only a limited meaning.
Karl Marx
No imagination can come up with such a multitude of contradictory feelings as usually coexist in one human heart.
F. La Rochefoucauld
To see and feel is to be, to think is to live.
W. Shakespeare

Guidelines:
The dialectical unity of reason and feeling is the central problem of many works of art in world and Russian literature. Writers, depicting the world of human intentions, passions, actions, judgments, one way or another relate to these two categories. Human nature is arranged in such a way that the struggle between reason and feeling inevitably gives rise to an internal conflict of personality, and therefore provides fertile ground for the work of writers - artists of human souls.
The history of Russian literature, represented by the change of one literary trend by another, showed a different correlation between the concepts of "reason" and "feeling".
In the Age of Enlightenment, reason becomes a key concept that determines the worldview of a person of that time. This was naturally reflected in the writers' ideas about literary creativity, about what the heroes of their works and the system of personal values ​​should be like. Feelings and personal interests were relegated to the background, giving way to duty, honor, service to the state and society. This did not mean that the heroes are devoid of passions, emotions - often they are very ardent young men who are able to sincerely love. For classicism, something else is more important - to what extent the heroes are able to overcome their personal interests and, with a cold mind, fulfill a sense of duty to the Fatherland.
Comedies by D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth" and A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit". The conversations of Starodum and Pravdin, Starodum and Milon about the duty, honor of a person, about his most important spiritual and moral qualities, which dictate his actions, ultimately boil down to exalting reason over feelings. Or Alexander Andreyevich Chatsky's devotion to his ideals and beliefs, connected with the realization of the need to eradicate the old orders of Famusov's Moscow, with the change in society and the consciousness of the younger generation, is evidence of his rational approach to himself and the surrounding reality.
Thus, in the era of the dominance of classicism in literature, unconditional primacy is given to reason, actions are dictated by balanced decisions, life experience, and social problems come to the fore.
Sentimentalism comes to replace classicism, and later romanticism with a radical turn to the category of “feeling”.

In the story of N.M. Karamzin's "Poor Liza", the heroine is guided by the feelings of sincere pure love for her chosen one Erast, which, unfortunately, ultimately leads to an irreparable tragedy. Deception leads to the collapse of hopes, the loss of the meaning of life for Lisa.
The feelings of the hero, his passions and experiences become key aspects of artistic research by romantic writers. V.A. Zhukovsky, A.S. Pushkin in his early works, M.Yu. Lermontov and many other Russian classics portrayed strong characters who were guided by the desire for an ideal, an absolute, aware of the vulgarity of the surrounding reality and the impossibility of finding that very ideal in this world. This gave rise to their inevitable conflict with the world, led to exile, loneliness, wandering, and often even to death.
Feelings of love, longing for a loved one push Svetlana from the ballad of the same name by V.A. Zhukovsky to look into the other world in order to know his fate and meet his chosen one. And the heroine experiences an unlimited feeling of fear, falling into that terrible reality filled with demonic forces.
Not the mind, but the command of the heart pushes Mtsyri from the poem of the same name by M.Yu. Lermontov to escape from the monastery and return to his homeland in order to find a home, friends, or at least "graves of relatives." And having known himself, the nature of his inner freedom, the hero understands with his mind that he can never become a part of the monastic world, the world of "imprisonment" and prison, and therefore makes a choice towards death as eternal freedom.
During the period of the fading of romanticism and the coming to replace it with realism, many writers acutely felt the need to reflect this process in works of art. One of the ways to implement this is the clash in the work of images of heroes, symbolizing different types of personalities - romantics and realists. A classic example is the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin", in which two opposites inevitably collide - "wave and stone, poetry and prose, ice and fire" - Vladimir Lensky and Eugene Onegin. The time of romantics with their dreams and ideals, as Pushkin shows, is gradually leaving, giving way to rationally thinking, pragmatic personalities (in this case, it is appropriate to recall the epigraph to the sixth chapter of the novel, in which the duel between the characters takes place - “Where the days are cloudy and short , // A tribe will be born that does not hurt to die").

The second half of the 19th century, with the dominance of realism in Russian literature, greatly complicated the dichotomy of the concepts of "reason" and "feeling". The choice of heroes between them becomes much more difficult, thanks to the use of psychologism, this problem becomes more complicated, often determining the fate of the literary image.
A magnificent example of Russian classics is the novel by I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons", in which the author intentionally collides feelings and reason, leading the reader to the idea that any theory has the right to exist if it does not contradict life itself. Evgeny Bazarov, putting forward rationalization ideas for changing society, the old way of life, preferred the exact sciences that could benefit the state, society, humanity, while denying all the spiritual components of human life - art, love, beauty and aesthetics of nature. Similar denial and unrequited love for Anna
Sergeevna leads the hero to the collapse of his own theory, disappointment and moral devastation.
The struggle of reason and feelings is shown in the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". The clearly thought-out theory of Raskolnikov does not cause the hero to doubt his competence, which leads him to commit murder. But the pangs of conscience that haunt Rodion after committing a crime do not allow him to live in peace (a special role in this aspect is given to the dreams of the hero). Of course, one should not lose sight of the fact that this problem is complicated in the novel by bringing the religious context to the fore.

In the epic novel L.N. Tolstoy's "War and Peace" categories "reason" and "feeling" are brought to the fore. For the writer, it is important to what extent one side or another prevails in the characters, how they are guided in their actions. The inevitable punishment, according to the author, deserves those who do not consider the feelings of other people, who are prudent and mercenary (the Kuragin family, Boris Drubetskoy). Those who surrender to feelings, the dictates of the soul and heart, even if they make mistakes, are able to eventually realize them (remember, for example, Natasha Rostova's attempt to run away with Anatole Kuragin), are capable of forgiveness, sympathy. Of course, Tolstoy, as a true writer-philosopher, called for a harmonious unity of the rational and sensual in man.

These two categories receive an interesting embodiment in the work of A.P. Chekhov. For example, in “Lady with a Dog”, where the all-consuming power of love is proclaimed, it is shown how much this feeling can affect a person’s life, literally regenerating people to a new life. In this regard, the final lines of the story are indicative, in which it is stated that the heroes understood with their minds how many obstacles and difficulties lay ahead of them, but this did not frighten them: “And it seemed that a little more - and the solution would be found, and then a new, beautiful one would begin. life; and it was clear to both that the end was still far, far away and that the most difficult and difficult was just beginning. Or an opposite example - the story "Ionych", in which the hero replaces spiritual values ​​- namely, the desire to love, have a family and be happy - with material, cold calculation, which inevitably leads to moral and spiritual degradation of Startsev. The harmonious unity of mind and feeling is demonstrated in the story "Student", in which Ivan Velikopolsky comes to realize his destiny, thereby gaining inner harmony and happiness.

The literature of the 20th century also presented many works in which the categories of "mind" and "feeling" occupy one of the primary places. In the play “At the Bottom” by M. Gorky, there is a symbolic embodiment of concepts through a rational realistic understanding of the environment in which a person lives (Satine’s reasoning), and illusory ideas about a brighter future, inspired by hopes in the souls of the heroes by the wanderer Luke. In the story "The Fate of Man" M.A. Sholokhov - the bitter disappointment of Andrei Sokolov, who went through the war and lost everything that was most precious in his life, and the role of Vanechka in the fate of the protagonist, who gave him a new life. In the epic novel "Quiet Flows the Don" M.A. Sholokhov - the moral torment of Grigory Melekhov regarding feelings for Aksinya and duty to Natalya, dialogism in the choice of power. In the poem "Vasily Terkin" A.T. Tvardovsky - the Russian soldier's awareness of the need to defeat an external enemy, merged with a feeling of boundless love for the motherland. In the story "One day of Ivan Denisovich" A.I. Solzhenitsyn - the merciless conditions of detention of prisoners, accompanied by a bitter awareness of the objectivity of reality, and Shukhov's inner intentions, leading to the problem of preserving the human in oneself in such conditions.

Direction "Mind and feelings"

Essay abstracts

Mind and feelings. These words will be the main motive one of the topics at the graduation essay in 2017.

Can be distinguished two directions on which to discuss this topic.

1. The struggle in a person of reason and feelings, requiring a mandatory choice: act, obeying the surging emotions, or still not lose your head, weigh your actions, be aware of their consequences both for yourself and for others.

2. Reason and feelings can be allies , harmonize in a person, making him strong, self-confident, able to emotionally respond to everything that happens around.

Reflections on the topic: "Mind and feelings"

o It is human nature to choose whether to act wisely, considering each step, weighing one's words, planning actions, or obey one's feelings. These feelings can be very different: from love to hate, from malice to kindness, from rejection to acceptance. Feelings are very strong in a person. They can easily take possession of his soul and consciousness.

o What choice to make in this or that situation: to submit to feelings, which are often selfish, or to listen to the voice of reason? How to avoid internal conflict between these two "elements"? Everyone must answer these questions for himself. And a person also makes a choice on his own, a choice on which not only the future, but life itself can sometimes depend.

o Yes, mind and feelings often oppose each other. Whether a person can bring them into harmony, make sure that the mind is supported by feelings and vice versa - it depends on the will of the person, on the degree of responsibility, on the moral guidelines that he follows.

o Nature has rewarded people with the greatest wealth - the mind, gave them the opportunity to experience feelings. Now they themselves must learn to live, being aware of all their actions, but at the same time remaining sensitive, able to feel joy, love, kindness, attention, not to succumb to anger, enmity, envy and other negative feelings.

o One more thing is important: a person who lives only by feelings, in fact, is not free. He subordinated himself to them, to these emotions and feelings, whatever they may be: love, envy, anger, greed, fear, and others. He is weak and even easily controlled by others, by those who want to take advantage of this human dependence on feelings for their own selfish and selfish purposes. Therefore, feelings and reason must exist in harmony, so that feelings help a person to see the whole gamut of shades in everything, and the mind - to respond correctly, adequately to this, not to drown in the abyss of feelings.

o Learning to live in harmony between your feelings and your mind is very important. A strong personality, living according to the laws of morality and morality, is capable of this. And there is no need to listen to the opinion of some people that the world of the mind is boring, monotonous, uninteresting, and the world of feelings is comprehensive, beautiful, bright. The harmony of mind and feelings will give a person immeasurably more in the knowledge of the world, in self-awareness, in the perception of life in general.

arguments for an essay on the topic: "Reason and feelings"

1. "The Tale of Igor's Campaign"

2. A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"

3. L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace"

4. I.S. Turgenev "Asya"

5. A.N. Ostrovsky "Dowry"

6. A.I. Kuprin "Olesya"

7. A.P. Chekhov "Lady with a dog"

8. I.A. Bunin "Dark alleys"

9. V. Rasputin "Live and remember"

10. M.A. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita"

"Honor and dishonor".

This is how the second direction of the topics of the final essay on literature in 2017 is indicated.

At the heart of human morality are many concepts. Honor is one of them. In explanatory dictionaries you can find a variety of definitions of this word:

o Moral qualities worthy of respect and pride

o Honor is a combination of qualities such as justice, loyalty, truthfulness, dignity and nobility.

o This is a willingness to defend one's interests, the interests of loved ones, the people, the state.

o This is the ability to neglect one's own good for the sake of others, even the willingness to give one's life for the sake of justice.

o Staying true to the ideals of the principles