At 12 weeks, the stomach pulls. Attitude towards sex

The 12th week of pregnancy means the close completion of the first trimester. Toxicosis should stop soon. The little man under the mother's heart is less and less threatened by developmental pathologies. The risk of spontaneous abortion decreases. The absence of problems in the first trimester reduces the likelihood of various complications in subsequent months.

Fetal development

At the 12th obstetric week (see methods for calculating terms), the size of the fetus is approximately 6 cm. Its weight is still not felt at all - about 9-13 g.

During an ultrasound, you can clearly see what the fetus looks like. Already without any decoding and explanations of the doctor, it is possible to distinguish the contours of the body. The body of the baby is slightly larger than his head, and the arms and legs are barely distinguishable - they are still very short and thin. In very rare cases, modern equipment will allow the doctor to recognize the sex of the child - provided that the baby's perineum is clearly visible. On standard diagnosticians, this information will not be available for a long time.

This is interesting. Expectant mothers often ask doctors the question: is their child correctly located in the uterine cavity? The answer of experts surprises many. Now the fetus literally does what it wants to do. He can “settle” in any position, constantly change it and even somersault. This is because there is still enough room in the uterine cavity for all fetal movements..

What usually happens to the baby:

All major organs and systems are formed. Some perform their functions (for example, the heart), others continue their development and improve (intestines, endocrine glands);
A barely noticeable fluff appears in place of the eyebrows and cilia;
The formation of a unique pattern on the fingertips continues;
Facial expressions develop: the baby begins to grimace;
The development of the fingers is completed - the membranes disappear completely, but there are already tiny nails;
The outer ears may still be underdeveloped. But sometimes, even at the 12th week, lobes are already forming;
White blood cells are actively formed in the blood, future regulators of the child's immunity;
Some reflexes work: the baby compresses and unclenches his fists, makes swallowing and imitates respiratory movements. Of course, the fetus cannot really breathe yet: the uterine cavity is filled with liquid, and oxygen enters through the blood vessels through the placenta and umbilical cord;
Peristalsis (muscle contraction) of the intestine appears;
The pancreas "trains" in the production of bile;
There is an active strengthening of bone tissue.

How is the expectant mother doing?

What is happening now in the body of a woman? External and internal changes are permanent, they involve the whole organism.

The uterus no longer fits in the pelvic space and gradually begins to occupy the abdominal cavity. Therefore, the tummy is more and more noticeable, so far it does not interfere. Unless tight-fitting clothes no longer fit;
Toxicosis (if any) may completely stop at this time, but may continue. How to deal with toxicosis -;
The emotional state becomes more stable. Panic fear of losing the baby recedes. Irritability and hypersensitivity may persist.
Feelings of irresistible drowsiness and constant fatigue gradually pass;
It is still difficult to concentrate, to immediately perceive complex new information. This is not a drop in intelligence, it’s just that your body is now spending a lot of energy on maintaining the well-being of you and your baby;
The heart, liver and kidneys work in an enhanced mode. If you have chronic diseases of these organs, they can worsen;
The intestines may still work unstably, constipation and / or diarrhea are possible;
The constant desire to urinate disappears for a few weeks. Then the uterus will grow so much that it will again begin to put pressure on the bladder;
Amniotic fluid is regularly updated, so the water-salt exchange is now very important;
The volume of blood increases a little more (this is a constant process);
The chest has grown noticeably. If colostrum didn't come out of the nipples earlier, it may start now. In no case do not express;
After a long walk, the legs begin to “buzz”;
Slight swelling of the legs and arms may appear;
Hair can grow back noticeably. However, they often become dry and brittle. The same problem occurs with nails;
The skin of the abdomen is stretched, which can cause itching;
Normally, at the 12th week there should be no pain. But if the stomach or lower back pulls just a little, this is normal;
Vaginal discharge should be small, white or clear, without a strong odor. Report any deviation to the doctor. Especially if spotting has appeared or blood has really flowed from the vagina;
Food fads can persist throughout pregnancy. Be prepared for this.

Photo of the tummies at the twelfth week

Weight dynamics

Are you following pregnancy nutrition guidelines? If so, then the weight situation should be fairly stable. With toxicosis, you can still not add a single kilogram and even lose a little weight. If you are feeling well, then there is nothing to worry about.

The total weight gain at twelve weeks of gestation should be kept within 1.5-3.5 kg. In the next two to three months, it is permissible to gain weight by 400-500 g per week.

Due to the lack of body weight, the baby may not have enough nutrients, this is bad for his development. Excess weight makes life difficult for the mother herself: it becomes difficult to breathe and move, strength is quickly lost, and then it will not be easy to give birth.

This is interesting. Doctors are aware of exceptional cases when weight loss in a future mother is good. Women with excess body weight before pregnancy during the bearing of the baby did not gain weight, but lost weight, and at the same time felt great. It is easy to explain this: hormonal changes during pregnancy stabilized metabolic processes. Mom's "reserves" just went to the development of the child. As a result, the birth of children helped women become more slender and healthy. However, such cases are possible only when excess weight is the result of malnutrition, and not serious diseases and metabolic problems..

Paternity awareness

The figure of a woman on the 12th week has not yet changed so much that relatives (those who are not in the know), friends or colleagues notice something. But the future father already perfectly sees the physical changes in his “half”. If paternal instincts have not yet manifested themselves, then now they will begin to form. There will be a desire to protect the beloved woman and especially to protect her.

The child's father needs help. Many men still believe that pregnancy and childbirth is an extremely natural process, that nature has provided for everything, and various female whims and emotional breakdowns are just whims. Try to delicately discuss your condition with your loved one, do not hide problems. Can't talk? Show something interesting on the topics that excite you on the Internet.

Medical control

Many expectant mothers in good health are in no hurry to go to the antenatal clinic. It is interesting that in our country something like a bonus is assigned if a woman is registered for up to 12 weeks. This is not a benefit in the full sense of the word, but a small one-time increase in maternity leave payments.

If you haven't registered yet, go see a doctor. For a period of 11-13 weeks, it is time to carry out the so-called screening. This is a comprehensive examination. On an ultrasound, the doctor will check some specific parameters of the fetus. For example, he will evaluate the size of the occipital region, which is used to determine the threat of Down syndrome in the early stages. Blood tests for certain hormones will reveal various fetal malformations, if any.

For up to 12 weeks, a woman still has the right to terminate the pregnancy. Later, it is allowed to do this only for medical and / or social reasons:

severe toxicosis with a threat to the life of the mother;
fatal malformations of the fetus;
pregnancy as a result of violence.

If you are already registered, then you only have to screen. In other cases, the doctor will prescribe a study of blood, urine and vaginal smear for various diseases and infections. You will be asked questions about well-being, family circumstances, the health of your household. Your doctor will take your blood pressure, weight, and pelvic measurements.

If for some reason the duration of your pregnancy cannot be calculated according to the menstruation calendar, it can be determined by alternative methods until the 12th week. This is much more difficult to do later.

Throughout pregnancy, it is important to eat well, pay attention to your health and well-being. You are probably already following many of the recommendations. Then just check the list below to see if you are doing everything right.

Diet and principles of nutrition

You should have given up alcohol long ago;
No fast food, colorful carbonated and non-carbonated drinks with a bunch of dyes and stabilizers;
Tea and coffee don't have to be strong;
Even with morning sickness, don't skip breakfast. Use the tips for pregnant women with early toxicosis (link above in the text);
The diet should include 30% vegetables and fruits, cereals, dairy products, lean meat and fatty fish;
Steam, boil or bake food. Fried and fatty - as little as possible;
Take vitamins (they are prescribed by a doctor);
Beware of viruses and infections. If there are outbreaks of contagious diseases in your city, do not hesitate to walk in public places in a medical mask;
Even a common cold can be very difficult during pregnancy. Tablets can be taken only in extreme cases and as prescribed by a doctor. Various topical preparations will help you. The throat should be gargled with a solution of furacilin or infusion of calendula. The runny nose will pass thanks to washings with sea water. With a headache, massage of certain points will help (on the temples, in the hollow near the tragus, above the bridge of the nose);
Avoid high heels. In winter, check if the soles of your boots or boots are slippery. If you lose balance or fall, you can be injured, and the baby will be endangered. If the shoes are slippery, there is an easy way. Buy a band-aid and stick strips of it on your soles and heels. The effect is noticeable immediately, but the patch will have to be replaced from time to time, as it wears out;
Watch your weight. In case of deviations in any direction, consult a doctor - he will adjust the diet and prescribe medications, if necessary;
Avoid stress and strong excitement. A great joy can tire you no less than a sad experience;
Go in for sports. Swim in the pool, master yoga, pick up a gymnastics complex for pregnant women.

Health and beauty

You may notice the first stretch marks on your chest, thighs, and abdomen. Nowadays, they can be effectively dealt with, it is important to start as early as possible. If the skin in problem areas has not changed, prevention will not hurt. Buy a special cream for stretch marks () or good olive oil and rub into the skin 2-3 times a day.

The chest needs your special attention. She noticeably pours and becomes heavier. Now you need special supportive bras.

The face may be slightly rounded, acne, pigmentation are possible. Never squeeze out pimples and do not apply cosmetics in a thick layer. Try not to complex about this. Over time, the condition of the skin will improve.

intimate life

If you feel good, you can be sure that you are especially beautiful and sexy. Your intimate life can go on as usual, if it does not cause panic fear and is a pleasure. If something is bothering you, be sure to talk to your partner. Now is the time to consolidate good family communication skills and mutual understanding.

There are contraindications to sexual activity:

multiple pregnancy;
the amount of amniotic fluid is below normal;
low location of the placenta;
risk of miscarriage;
sexual infections (in this case, careful treatment of both partners is necessary).

Some positions may already seem uncomfortable. Empirically select the most comfortable position for sex.

And one more important tip. Love yourself and your baby. Now all your emotions should be positive, bright and joyful. And may the 12th week of your pregnancy pass safely.

Video guide: 12 weeks pregnant - sensations in the abdomen, what is happening, ultrasound, symptoms, screening, doctor's advice

Today, probably, there is no such girl who does not want to experience the feeling of motherhood. What could be more beautiful than holding your healthy baby in your arms? Expectant mothers are usually always looking forward to changes in their appearance. For most women, the belly becomes visible as early as the 12th week of pregnancy. It is at this time that the baby begins to actively grow. Therefore, from the end of the first trimester, the circumference of the abdomen will gradually increase. In this review, we will look at how the stomach looks at the 12th week of pregnancy, what changes occur in the body of the mother and child.

What determines the size of the abdomen?

So what do you need to know about it? The size of the tummy at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy depends on the individual characteristics of the body of the expectant mother, as well as on some other factors. These include:

height and weight of the parents of the unborn baby;
features of the figure of a pregnant woman;
second or first pregnancy;
localization of the placenta;
multiple or normal pregnancy.

It is impossible to say whether the stomach will be visible at week 12, in advance. It may appear a little earlier or later, it depends on many reasons, which are simply impossible to predict.

Appearance

Many expectant mothers are interested in how their body will look during pregnancy at 12 weeks. Photos of the abdomen will help clarify this issue. Usually by this time the uterus has already reached such a size that it does not fit in the pelvic area. It gradually rises higher and higher. By the end of the first trimester, it is easily palpable over the pubic joint. The tummy at this time usually looks like a small tubercle above the pubic bone. If a pregnant woman has an excess of body weight, the stomach simply gradually rounds off, without sticking out.

What will be the stomach at 12 weeks of gestation depends largely on the location of the placenta in the uterus. If it is attached to the back wall, then the belly will not be visible soon. If there is a place for the child at the front wall, then the tummy will begin to round faster. Moms with such an arrangement of the placenta have to change their wardrobe at the end of the first trimester.

Health changes

The 12th week of pregnancy is characterized by improvements in well-being. Nausea and vomiting gradually recede, however, the stomach is not yet so big. Therefore, the expectant mother can safely enjoy her position and blooming appearance.

What happens in the body?

Let's take a closer look at this aspect. By the 12th week, the uterus increases in size. In width, it already reaches 12 cm, and in length 10 cm. For now, it has enough space in the small pelvis, but soon it will begin to rise into the abdominal cavity. At this time, the height of the bottom of the uterus can be from 2 to 6 cm. So, if the stomach is visible at the 12th week, this is absolutely normal.

Body weight can change by 1.8-6 kg. If a pregnant woman experienced severe toxicosis in the early stages of pregnancy, it may decrease at 12 weeks. Weight gain should not exceed 300-350 grams per week. At the same time, many internal organs and systems of the expectant mother are subject to serious stress. It is especially important at this time not to experience overwork or disruption of work and rest regimes. It is also desirable to have more rest and be in the fresh air.

By the end of the third trimester, the increased production of progesterone stops. In this regard, most women feel good. The placenta by this time is already almost completely formed and will provide the fetus with full protection. An enlarged uterus can begin to put pressure on the system of blood vessels that carry blood from the lower body to the upper. As a result, many women experience swelling and varicose veins. To help prevent complications associated with these symptoms, your doctor may prescribe compression stockings.

Other changes

So what else to look out for? How is the 12th week of pregnancy different? Photos of the abdomen usually confirm the presence of such a pronounced feature as the appearance of a dark strip from the navel to the pubis. At these times, pigmentation of the skin may also appear. It most often forms on the skin of the chest, neck and face. Due to a violation of metabolic processes in the body, acne can be disturbing. In addition, stretch marks begin to appear in the abdomen, thighs and chest. To prevent the formation of these unpleasant manifestations, it is necessary to carefully monitor the condition of the skin, to prevent excessive weight gain. Doctors recommend treating it with special creams and oils 2-3 times a day.

The face during pregnancy may be slightly rounded. In case of acne and pigmentation, use the products prescribed by the doctor. It is not recommended to hide defects with a thick layer of foundation. Over time, the condition of the skin should improve.

What problems might arise?

This aspect deserves special attention. 12 weeks is a relatively quiet period for pregnancy. The threat of miscarriage is already low. However, negative factors can still affect the development of the fetus. In addition to ultrasound, at this stage it is required to pass tests for syphilis and hepatitis, blood biochemistry, and also check the sugar level.

Of the possible problems for the 12-week period, the following are typical:

cystic drift - the so-called violations in the development of the placenta;
phlebeurysm;
risk of miscarriage.

One of the delicate problems at this time is frequent constipation. They are caused by the action of the hormone progesterone, which relaxes the muscles of the intestine and makes it difficult for food to pass. It is better not to allow such a condition, since a crowded intestine can put pressure on the uterus and disrupt the blood supply. To prevent negative consequences, it is recommended to include vegetables and fruits, as well as beet and cabbage dishes in the diet. Your doctor will help you choose the right diet. If at 12 weeks the lower abdomen hurts, you should definitely contact a specialist with this problem.

You can also stimulate the work of the intestines with folk remedies. For example, drink in the morning on an empty stomach a spoonful of vegetable oil, water with honey or kefir, fennel tea. It is not recommended to use laxatives and do enemas. If the bowels are not emptied for more than three days, you should consult a doctor. The specialist will be able to choose a laxative, taking into account the characteristics of the body of a pregnant woman.

The 12th week of pregnancy is a very important time when a woman must take care of herself. It is necessary to protect the expectant mother from stressful situations, nervous strain at work. It is also necessary to limit contact with sick people, to minimize visits to public places. Any disease at this time can cause the development of pathology in the baby.

Feel

Sometimes at a period of 12 weeks of pregnancy pulls the lower abdomen. This is an absolutely normal phenomenon, due to an increase in the size of the uterus and its pressure on other organs located in the pelvic area. But here everything is strictly individual. In the second and subsequent pregnancies, the ligaments are well stretched, mobile and elastic.

How does the fetus develop?

So what do you need to know about it? What size is the baby at 12 weeks pregnant? What is the belly of the expectant mother? Since the fetus at this time begins to actively grow and increase, the growth of the baby at this time is about 60 mm, and the weight is from 9 to 13 grams. The size of the future baby resembles a lemon. His heart is already beating at a frequency of 110-160 beats per minute. It is well heard on ultrasound. Also, the baby gradually learns to raise and lower the chest, imitating breathing, he can open his mouth and close his eyes, and is also able to move his fingers and toes. The child at this time is already urinating in the womb, begins to swallow liquid, suck his finger and hiccup. Plus, at this time he is actively moving, but the expectant mother cannot always feel this movement. Amniotic fluid and placenta soften the sensations.

At the 12-week period, the thymus gland also forms in the fetus. This organ is responsible for the production of lymphocytes. After the birth, it is she who will play a huge role in the formation of the immune system. Bile begins to be secreted in the liver, peristalsis appears in the intestines. A strong bone substance is formed in the child's skeleton.

Activity and nutrition

Expectant mothers should familiarize themselves with this aspect as early as possible. How does week 12 usually go? Feelings in the abdomen can be different and depend on the lifestyle of the pregnant woman. Experts do not recommend completely abandoning sports. However, physical activity should be reduced to 60-80%. It is also worth giving up sports such as skating, rollerblading, cycling, scuba diving and other dangerous sports. Swimming, gymnastics and yoga are best during pregnancy.

Often, with improper nutrition for a period of 12 weeks, the stomach hurts. To avoid this unpleasant manifestation, doctors recommend adhering to a special diet. You can not eat salty, fatty, fried foods, carbonated drinks. With a sharp set of body weight, you should reconsider the diet.

Below are the basic principles of nutrition during pregnancy.

The diet should not contain fast food, carbonated drinks, as well as foods high in dyes and stabilizers.
You can use only weak coffee and tea.
Morning sickness is not a reason to skip breakfast. The advice of doctors and pregnant women will help you eliminate pain in the lower abdomen at week 12.
The diet of a pregnant woman by 30% should consist of fruits and vegetables, dairy products, cereals, lean meat and fish.
Food is best steamed or baked. Fried and fatty foods should be eaten as little as possible.
Be sure to take the vitamins prescribed by your doctor.
Protect yourself from infections and viruses. If there is an epidemic of a contagious disease in the city, it is better to refuse to visit crowded places. If you need to go to a public place, wear a mask.
Even a simple cold can be very difficult during pregnancy. Medicines can only be taken as prescribed by a doctor. In some cases, topical agents may be effective. For gargling, it is recommended to use an infusion of calendula and Furacilin. You can get rid of a runny nose by washing with sea water.
Watch your weight gain. In case of deviations in one direction or another, be sure to consult your doctor. He will help to adjust the diet and, if necessary, prescribe medications.

What should be the belly at 12 weeks? Photos of the abdomen, which are on the stands in the clinic, will help the expectant mother to make sure that the pregnancy is proceeding normally.

It is clear that smoking and bad habits during pregnancy should be excluded. Ideally, they should be abandoned before conception.

With a strong increase in the mammary glands, it is necessary to buy a special bra made from natural materials with soft cups and wide straps. This will help prevent stretch marks and sagging.

Since the stomach is already quite large at week 12, sleeping on it is not recommended. This can lead to compression of the pelvic organs.

Many expectant mothers go to extremes and stop using cosmetics and perfumes during pregnancy. If the smells of the products do not cause nausea and other unpleasant sensations, they can be used throughout the pregnancy. It is very important for a woman to be confident in her own attractiveness, even during gestation. But it is better to refuse bath and shower products with strong flavors. Since they can cause thrush and burning in intimate places.

Doctor's observation

In the case of good health, many expectant mothers are in no hurry to attend a antenatal clinic. However, one should take into account an interesting feature of our country: if a woman is registered for pregnancy before 12 weeks, something like a social payment is assigned. This is a one-time increase to maternity. Therefore, if you have not yet registered, it is better to do it as soon as possible.

For a period of 11-13 weeks, screening or a comprehensive examination is carried out. On ultrasound, the doctor will be able to check the specific parameters of the development of the fetus. For example, by the size of the occipital region, the doctor can identify the threat of Down syndrome. Malformations of the fetus also help to determine early blood tests for various hormones.

It should be remembered that at a period of 12 weeks it is still possible to terminate the pregnancy. Later, this is only allowed for medical reasons. These include:

fatal malformations of the fetus;
severe toxicosis in the mother;
pregnancy as a result of violence.

Women who have already registered will only have to do screening. In other cases, the doctor may also order blood, urine, and pap smear tests. In addition, the specialist will ask you about your well-being, marital status, and the health of the household. Your doctor will also measure your pelvic size, weight, and blood pressure. If it is not possible to determine the gestational age according to the menstruation calendar, then up to the 12th week this can be done by alternative methods.

intimate life

Many women with the onset of pregnancy cease to feel their sexuality and attractiveness. If you feel well, there are no contraindications to leading an intimate life. Let everything take its course. If something still bothers you, be sure to discuss it with your partner. At this stage, it is extremely important to strengthen the skills of family communication and mutual understanding.

Contraindications to intimate life during pregnancy are:

multiple pregnancy;
low location of the placenta;
risk of miscarriage;
multiple pregnancy;
sexual infections.

Some people find it inconvenient to have sex during pregnancy. In this case, you should just find a comfortable position so that there is no pain in the abdomen. The 12th week of pregnancy in intimate terms, as a rule, the majority proceeds without any problems. But if you suddenly feel discomfort, then be sure to discuss this with a specialist.

Conclusion

In this review, we examined in detail what changes occur in a woman's body at the 12th week of pregnancy, a photo of the abdomen can be seen on stands in gynecological clinics. It is extremely important that the expectant mother is under the supervision of doctors. At this time, you need to take care of yourself, avoid infections, viruses and injuries. You should also watch your diet and physical activity. If you experience pain and other problems that cause concern, it is better to immediately contact a specialist.

This is the last week of the first trimester, corresponding to the 14th obstetric. She brings a lot of new things. During this period, toxicosis stops in the mother, the fetus begins to make the first imperceptible movements, and the risk of miscarriage decreases every day. Let's take a closer look at what changes occur during this period in the body of a pregnant woman and her child.

The first months of pregnancy are hard times. In the morning, women are tormented by nausea, their appetite disappears, and most of them experience excruciating toxicosis. Week 12 is the beginning of the "golden period of pregnancy." Morning morning sickness and other ailments in mommy begin to recede, her health gradually improves, drowsiness disappears. The tummy is not yet particularly noticeable, but is already beginning to grow actively.

The psycho-emotional state of the pregnant woman is also normalized. We can say that the twelfth week is a return to normal life. There is no longer a fear of losing a child and nutrition is getting better. It is this time that is remembered as the best for all the time of waiting for a child. The kid already looks like a child too: not quite proportional yet, but there is still enough time ahead.

Uterus

Continues to grow upwards, filling completely the hip area and moving into the abdominal area. Lying it can already be felt above the pubis. The size of the organ in length is approximately 12 cm, in width it has increased by almost 10 cm. So far, its growth is being stimulated and. In the future, its walls will become thinner as a result of the growth of the child. This week, the uterus is usually in a slight tone, but this is normal if it is not accompanied by uncomfortable symptoms.

Breast

The chest fills up and increases in size, while remaining very sensitive. However, the pain may already stop during this period. The first discharge resembling colostrum may appear.

Stomach

It becomes rounded, but it can still be hidden under loose clothing. If a woman already has children, then the growth of the abdomen will occur faster. At this time, the first stretch marks begin to appear. So that in the future their number does not increase like an avalanche, you can start using special creams for stretch marks. In almost all pregnant women during this period, the skin in the middle of the abdomen begins to darken and a brownish stripe appears - a symptom of hyperpigmentation.

Allocations

Allocations in the twelfth week should remain the same. Transparent, yellowish, white discharge with a sour smell, not accompanied by itching, is explained by the activation of epithelial cell renewal. It is still necessary to observe their number, color, evaluate the smell. They should not be accompanied by pulling pains or other unpleasant sensations.

A doctor should be consulted if the discharge has become profuse, watery or with a lot of blood. Abundant discharge can occur due to thrush or chlamydia. They will have to be treated, otherwise the infection can damage the fetus. If a woman has erosion, bloody marks may appear after intercourse.

What about the fetus?

From about this time, gynecologists begin to call the embryo a fetus.

How is it developing?

All organs by this period have already been formed and are developing further. The development of the embryo is associated with the beginning of the 2nd wave of cytotrophoblast invasion, due to which the uteroplacental circulation increases. This leads to an intensive increase in the mass of the fetus and its main organs. The child begins to receive more oxygen and nutrients necessary for intensive growth. In the circulatory system, in addition to erythrocytes, leukocytes begin to appear for the first time, forming the prototype of the immune system.

Cartilage gradually calcifies and transforms into bones. Calcification starts from the middle of the bone and will continue as it grows. Completely the process will be completed only during puberty.

The fingers are finally separated on the hands and feet, the nails are actively growing, the rudiments of future molars are formed, and signs of hair appear in the eyebrow area. The ribs are formed, then the skeletal system develops.

The pituitary gland of the fetus begins the production of most hormones. The brain is developing, which this week is already becoming like a tiny adult brain. The simplest reactions have already developed: although the child does not yet open his eyes, he already reacts to light; touching the wall - he repels from it.

The liver is already starting to produce bile, peristaltic movements begin for the first time in the intestines, the small intestine can already absorb sugar and glucose. In the kidneys of the embryo, the loop of Henle is activated, which is responsible for filtering urine. The baby drinks amniotic fluid and unnecessary substances are excreted in the urine, the necessary ones are absorbed in the tubules of the loop. The child begins to practice breathing by swallowing amniotic water - the chest rises.

The fetus begins active movements, he has facial expressions. The child begins to move, can squint, move his fingers, open and close his mouth, make sucking movements. Mommy will be able to feel the movements of the child for the first time only in a couple of months.

The reproductive organs are already differentiated. This week, the vaginal process is formed in the male embryo - a special protrusion of the peritoneum, which will take part in the process of lowering the testicle into the scrotum. With a successful combination of circumstances, it is already possible to see the sex of the baby on an ultrasound scan.

What does it look like?

The child looks already fully formed, only a little disproportionate - the head is much larger than the body. The figure can already be compared with the figure of an adult. The face has pronounced features, a neck has appeared. The ears are still in their infancy, the nostrils are set wide.

Fetal weight and height

The fetus during this period reaches a size of about 9 cm. The weight can reach 19 g. From this period, the gynecologist will more closely monitor the weight of the mother and the dynamics of the growth of the uterus - factors indicating the growth of the child.

Changes in the mother's body

In a woman, the volume of the anterior pituitary gland, the organ responsible for the production of prolactin, increases. This happens so that already from the 12th week, prolactin accumulates in the body, which is responsible to a greater extent for the growth of the mammary glands. In the future, the hormone will contribute to the onset of lactation.

Brownish spots of various shapes begin to appear on the face and neck - this is chloasma or hyperpigmentation of the skin.

Due to the increased level of estrogen, vascular changes also begin to appear:

telangiectasia - expansion of small vessels;
asterisks;
swelling of a reddish hue with divergent rays (angioma).

They can suddenly appear on the face, on the neck, on the arms, in the upper chest area. Asterisks on the palms are called palmar erythema. All of them will disappear after childbirth.

Although the fetus begins to move at this time, the mother cannot yet feel them. Some pregnant women say that they feel fetal movements from twelve weeks - however, this is a purely psychological phenomenon.

Attitude towards sex

Sex during this period begins to require some restrictions. For example, positions on the stomach of a woman are contraindicated. Even just lying on your stomach from this period is not worth it. However, if a pregnant woman wakes up face down at night, there is nothing particularly terrible in this.

There are no more restrictions on sex during this period, if there are no pathological symptoms. You can not have sex if low placenta previa is diagnosed. If after intimacy there are unpleasant sensations, it is better to consult a gynecologist. Sex is not recommended for mothers with multiple pregnancies.

hCG

If a decrease in the level is detected during the first screening, this indicates the risk of Edwards syndrome or placental pathology. Elevated human chorionic gonadotropin may indicate a risk of developing Down syndrome. With twins, hCG can also be elevated. The rate of hCG in the blood at 12 weeks is 13.4 ng / ml -128.5 ng / ml.

Progesterone

The norm at the twelfth week is from 38.19 nmol / l to 47.41 nmol / l. A low level of progesterone at this time may indicate:

problems with the placenta;
ongoing chronic inflammatory processes in the female reproductive system;
fetal hypoxia;
ectopic.

A high level may indicate:

developing cystic skid;
the presence of cysts of the corpus luteum;
adrenal disease;
multiple pregnancy.

endometrium

The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus, to which the chorion is attached. Of great importance is the thickness of the endometrium during pregnancy. During pregnancy, the thickness of the layer also changes and is about 2 cm. The thickness of the endometrium is measured by ultrasound. With a thin endometrium, the doctor prescribes medication support that allows it to build up.

ultrasound baby photo

If a woman has just registered, then the first screening is immediately carried out, including an ultrasound study. The terms of diagnosis in the first trimester are limited: from the 1st day to the 6th day.

At the first ultrasound screening:

consider the length of the embryo, its KTR is the coccygeal-parietal size;
estimate the size of the head;
look at the symmetry of the cerebral hemispheres and the presence of structures required for this period;
measure the length of the femur, humerus, as well as the forearm and lower leg;
check the location of the stomach and heart;
measure the size of the heart and abdomen.

Normal ultrasound readings:

KTR - from 51 mm to 59 mm exactly at 12 weeks and from 62 mm to 73 mm - on the last day of the twelve week period;
thickness of the collar zone - from 1.6 mm to 2.5 mm;
nasal bone (an indicator important for the diagnosis of Down syndrome) - not less than 3 mm;
Heart rate - from 150 to 174 beats per minute;
biparietal size - not less than 20 mm.

According to the results of ultrasound of the 1st trimester, they look for markers of fetal chromosomal abnormalities and analyzes the period that corresponds to the development of the baby. On 3D ultrasound, you can already see the sex of the fetus. If you have done a 3D ultrasound, you can ask for a photo of your baby.

If the ultrasound of the first screening was done earlier, then on the 12th week it is repeated for pregnant women in whom pathology was detected at the first ultrasound examination. The thickness of the collar space is re-examined, which makes it possible to identify severe malformations or chromosomal abnormalities. In this case, the question of terminating the pregnancy may arise. Ultrasound data in this case should be confirmed by amniocentesis - a biochemical, immunological, genetic and hormonal study of the amniotic fluid.

well-being

During this period, everything should be in a state of normality. A pregnant woman becomes less irritable, her state of toxicosis subsides, nausea disappears, the urge to urinate decreases, and the quality of life improves. Pressure and temperature must be constantly monitored. The pressure should be slightly reduced, and the temperature should not be higher than 37.5. Weight during this period may not change, but even if it has increased slightly - up to 3.6 kg, then this is normal.

For the first time, an expectant mother may experience the unpleasant phenomenon of heartburn - a burning sensation in the stomach. During pregnancy, the placenta produces large amounts of progesterone, which relaxes the muscular valve between the esophagus and stomach. When a woman lies down, the gastric secret begins to pour into the esophagus, causing irritation.

Chronic diseases not treated before pregnancy may worsen during this period. The load on the liver, kidneys and heart increases. The uterus presses on the intestines and inhibits its peristalsis, which can cause constipation.

You can lead an almost ordinary life - all the main troubles are left behind. A pregnant woman only needs to monitor her diet and follow some recommendations:

avoid taking medications without consulting a gynecologist;
you should not take medicinal herbs without consulting a doctor - some can provoke a miscarriage;
walk more in the air, lead a moderately active lifestyle;
monitor weight, avoid overeating;
exclude from the diet fast food, soda, food rich in chemistry, spicy, salty, fatty. However, if you are drawn to salty or spicy, you don’t need to torture yourself either - spicy, for example, reduces heartburn.

Planned doctor visits

If the pregnant woman has not yet been registered, then this week it should already be done. If a woman is registered, then starting this week, she will have to go to the doctor once every 4 weeks. If not yet completed, then you need to undergo a gynecological examination and examination by a therapist. It is also necessary to consult a dentist, endocrinologist, ENT specialist.

Required studies and analyzes

If a pregnant woman is just registering, then she needs to be tested for HIV, syphilis, blood group and Rh factor, and determine her sugar level.

To be submitted soon:

UAC and OAM;
blood for pregnancy hormones - free-B-hCG and PAPP.

A test for placental lactogen can show an increase of up to 1,550 ng / ml. The coagulogram will show an increase in fibrinogen levels. Analysis of AFP during this period will show its peak amount, which will last at this level until the 16th week.

The doctor in the LCD conducts a study with a mirror on the chair and takes smears for cytology and flora. The presence of STDs is determined - gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, etc.

Diet

The diet does not need any changes and restrictions. The key is weight control. In order to prevent a decrease in hemoglobin levels, it is necessary to increase the amount of iron-containing foods in the diet - liver, veal, beef tongue, buckwheat, apples, pomegranates. To maintain the required amount of calcium, you should increase the amount of dairy products eaten. To reduce the amount of constipation, you must definitely eat soup.

Be sure to give up heavy food and fast food, reduce the amount of fatty, fried, flour, smoked.

Lifestyle

In the absence of contraindications, you can continue a moderately active lifestyle. Many expectant mothers refuse during this period from their usual sports activities - running, fitness and switch to yoga or fitness for pregnant women. Moderate activity is useful for maintaining tone and for preparing for childbirth. In addition, trained mothers will be able to recover faster after childbirth.

What is prohibited?

Should be completely excluded:

alcohol intake;
smoking;
coffee;
heavy physical labor;
x-ray, fluorography and CT;
power and traumatic sports;
stressful situations and experiences.

Taking vitamins

If until that time the mother took folic acid, then the time has come for special multivitamin complexes for pregnant women. You can take them on the recommendation of a doctor. Not all women are recommended vitamins.

who do not have the opportunity to fully eat;
those who previously suffered from iron deficiency anemia or B12 deficiency anemia, as well as similar conditions;
women whose pregnancy ended in miscarriage earlier;
over 35 years old.

The most popular multivitamin complexes are vitamins Elevit, Vitrum Prenatal and Prenatal forte, Alphabet.

Problems

During this period, there may be some problems that need to be paid close attention.

Stomach ache

Severe sharp pain in the abdomen can be caused by several pathologies: cervical dilatation, bladder infection, etc. When it appears, you should immediately seek advice from your attending gynecologist.

Pain in the abdomen close to the sides and turning into the lumbar may indicate muscle strain, which increases the load. These are harmless pains.

Lower back pain

If your lower back hurts, but there are no other symptoms, it is better to change your lifestyle: rest more often, work less on your feet, and choose more comfortable shoes. If the work is connected precisely with long standing on your feet, it is better to take a vacation at your own expense. Usually this is an increased load on the muscles of the back.

Bleeding

Bleeding at any time requires a doctor's consultation, because it can be a sign of very dangerous complications: miscarriage, ectopic, etc. Bleeding accompanied by cramping or pulling pains in the lower abdomen is especially dangerous.

Temperature

A temperature of up to 37.5 is considered a normal state, if it is not accompanied by an increase in ESR and the level of leukocytes, which indicates the presence of an inflammatory process. At higher temperatures, you should consult a doctor. It is worth refusing to take most antipyretics at the 12th week, only paracetamol is harmless to the body of the fetus and women. Will help bring down the heat of wiping with water and vinegar.

Toxicosis

Toxicosis at this time is already passing. For someone, it ends abruptly in one day, for someone every day less and less unpleasant sensations are manifested. However, for some it may continue.

If toxicosis does not subside, this may indicate:

about the individual characteristics of the organism;
multiple pregnancy;
wrong deadline;
the presence of the body's reaction to the medications taken;
gastrointestinal disorder.

Nausea

Nausea can be a phenomenon that accompanies early toxicosis and should stop as a last resort by 14-16 weeks. If it is accompanied by diarrhea - this may be a sign of an intestinal infection, a doctor's consultation in this case should be urgent. Systemic digestive disorders can be the result of a malfunction in the digestive tract, liver and spleen. Taking progesterone and other medications can lead to such consequences. Also, nausea at this time is sometimes a sign of micronutrient deficiency - for example, magnesium.

Cold

Any diseases will no longer have such serious consequences as during the previous period. Colds are best treated with bed rest and folk remedies, avoiding antibiotics. In no case should the disease of a pregnant woman be carried on her feet: it can lead to fetoplacental insufficiency, cause fetal hypoxia.

You can be treated with a plentiful warm drink - rosehip broth, herbal teas, berry fruit drinks. Honey can be helpful in small amounts. The traditional remedy for colds is warm milk with Borjomi. A mixture with marshmallow, Dr. MOM lozenges, Gedelix will help with a cough. Everything should be done only according to the recommendations of the doctor!

Antibiotics

All the organs of the baby have already formed, a woman can drink antibiotics if there is evidence. A doctor can prescribe antibiotic therapy in the presence of intestinal infections, inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary tract, pneumonia, etc. The doctor should prescribe the antibiotic and dosage, taking into account the disease. The course is to drink completely, so that pathological microorganisms do not develop resistance to antibiotics.

Alcohol

Alcohol should be completely excluded during the entire period of pregnancy. No one can say what dose of alcohol in a particular mother will have a detrimental effect on the fetus. For example, scientists have found that the daily intake of a pregnant woman 30 gr. alcohol is associated with the risk of developing fetal alcohol syndrome in the baby. However, fetal alcohol syndrome is also observed in children whose mothers consumed 3-5 grams. alcohol.

The danger of alcohol for a baby depends on the characteristics of the body, its reaction to alcohol, the condition, the nature of the diet, the genotype of the fetus, etc. Of course, nothing will happen from one glass of dry wine for the entire pregnancy, but you definitely shouldn’t be zealous in this matter.

Miscarriage

A high risk of miscarriage can be observed from the 1st to the 12th week of pregnancy. Since this week, the probability of an unsuccessful outcome has been decreasing.

If a miscarriage does occur, the woman should be alerted by the following symptoms:

bleeding;
severe pulling pains and cramps in the lower abdomen or pulling sensations in the lower back.

Possible dangers and complications

Some women may experience uterine hypertonicity, which may present with the following symptoms:

a feeling of hardness of the uterus, its stone state;
heaviness and tension in the lower abdomen;
cramping pain in the lumbar or pubic region.

This condition can be provoked by excessive physical activity, stress, sexual intercourse. This condition is confirmed by ultrasound. Antispasmodics, hormonal drugs, magnesium-containing drugs will help to cope. Complications of hypertonicity include the possibility of miscarriage at any time, fetal hypoxia and placental abruption.

Another danger that may lie in wait for a woman at this time is the identification of a missed pregnancy. Fetal death can occur both in and, but it will be revealed later. Most often this occurs precisely before the age of 13 weeks. A missed pregnancy can be detected by ultrasound.

There are some symptoms that make it possible to suspect this pathology:

bloody issues;
cramping pains in the lower abdomen;
abrupt cessation of toxicosis;
the basal temperature decreases;
hCG drops.

If a woman ignores these signs and does not go to the doctor, then intoxication begins: nausea, vomiting, fever up to 39 degrees, weakness and pallor.

12 weeks is the deadline for detecting an ectopic pregnancy. As a rule, a rupture of the fallopian tube has already occurred. The woman feels a sharp pain in the abdomen, lightheadedness, and may lose consciousness. Dizziness begins, slightly decreasing when lying down. When such symptoms appear, it is urgent to call an ambulance. The doctor will detect symptoms of internal bleeding: decreased blood pressure, pallor. If you are late in calling an ambulance, a woman may be in danger of death.

Placental abruption is a pathology that can also lead to miscarriage. By 12 weeks, the placenta reaches its maturity. If detachment has begun, first of all it is manifested by bleeding, abdominal pain, tension in the uterus. The woman is usually hospitalized or put on bed rest. Pathology is treated with antispasmodics, drugs that relax the uterus, hemostatic agents, anti-anemic. Proper and timely treatment allows you to keep the further normal course of pregnancy.

Often, at the first ultrasound in a pregnant woman, uterine fibroids are detected. Small - usually needs only observation. If a woman has carried the pregnancy up to 12 weeks, then the threat of miscarriage is reduced. During pregnancy, it usually does not grow. However, large fibroids can affect the growing fetus as they take up space in the uterus—the baby may develop a deformed skull or torticollis, and the baby may become underweight. It is often an indication for a caesarean section, during which it is excised.

A cystic drift or trophoblastic tumor of pregnancy may appear before. The disease is an increase in chorionic villi. Visually, this is manifested by the fact that the uterus looks much larger than it should be. The drift can be complete or partial. This pathology is determined by ultrasound.

A woman should be alert:

bleeding;
in 30% of cases - vomiting;
in 30% of cases - hypertension.

With pathology, the fetus cannot be saved, scraping is done with histology. Within a few months after curettage, the woman makes control of hCG. 80% of women recover without consequences, 20% of women whose hCG does not decrease are referred for treatment to an oncologist.

Video

In the normal course of pregnancy, this is the time to breathe easy, smile, get a photo of the baby on an ultrasound and prepare for the upcoming replenishment in the family.

Fetus at 12 weeks pregnant: gender, weight and size

Your little one is now on her birthday. He is already very good and further he will improve only the details. All systems and major organs have completed their formation and are working vigorously.

In the place where there will be eyebrows, eyelashes, chin and upper lip, hairs appear in the baby. On the legs and arms, the fingers have already separated, and a unique skin pattern is beginning to form on the pads. And, although the organs have completed their formation, they continue to develop. The intestines have already taken their proper place and are shrinking for periods. Muscles are also strengthened, the kidneys, the nervous system work, in addition to erythrocytes, leukocytes still appear in the blood, bone tissue continues to mature, the thyroid gland and pituitary gland secrete hormones and iodine.

The baby is growing rapidly, and the length of his body is now considered somewhat more important than weight. Amniotic fluid increases in volume up to 50 ml. The uterus continues to grow at a rapid pace. The uterus before pregnancy was located in the pelvic area and had small parameters: weighing 70 g and holding no more than 10 ml. And during pregnancy, the fetus develops and grows and the uterus moves out of its usual location into the abdominal cavity. At this time, it is already palpable and you can feel it. At the end of pregnancy, the uterus in volume reaches up to 5-10 liters, and the weight after the birth of a baby is more than 1 kg. Your fetus already looks like a little man, its weight is about 14 g, and its length is 6-9 cm. The baby constantly makes movements, but you don’t feel it yet. He moves his legs, arms, mouth, somersaults and can even suck his thumb. There is a special device called a doppler, with which you can listen to how your baby's heart beats.

Future mom

Starting from the 12th week of pregnancy, a woman will gain about 500 g of weight per week. Previously, with a normal pregnancy, you should have recovered somewhere by 1.9-3.7 kg. If you previously had toxicosis, then you could very well lose a little weight. In the second trimester, you will noticeably feel better, the placenta has actively set to work. Well, if you have multiple pregnancies, then the primary symptoms may continue. It's time to think about proper nutrition, however, this should have been done earlier, do not overeat, exclude harmful snacks, do not forget about the body's need for iodine and calcium, and the risk of possible constipation. More outdoor activities and less stress.

Feelings at 12 weeks pregnant

All your past unpleasant pregnancy symptoms at 12 weeks are in the past, just a memory. However, if a woman carries twins or triplets, then toxicosis will linger for some time, so you will have to endure a little. Maybe you noticed how much less often they began to visit the toilet in a small way, not like it was before. All your organs continue to work with a double load, and due to the increase in blood volume, you may feel a rapid heartbeat. Your tummy is still invisible, although the uterus does not stop increasing in size. But, a woman may well feel that she is slightly rounded, although it is not visible to others. The mammary glands are preparing for lactation with might and main, pouring more and more. During such preparation, itching of the skin on the chest, abdomen and thighs is possible. Do not be afraid of anything, no age spots or vascular formations, all this will pass after childbirth. It is also possible the appearance of a short-term dark strip on the abdomen, which is visible from the navel down at 1 week of pregnancy. It appears because such a substance as melanin accumulates, it does not carry any danger and after childbirth it will pass by itself.

The uterus rises up and does not press on the bladder, so you no longer go to the toilet so often, but now it presses on the intestines, disrupting its peristalsis, and therefore, constipation and gas formation may come to replace it.

It is also possible that at week 12 a woman will experience heartburn. True, it usually overtakes at a later date, but it may well appear now. This occurs because progesterone acts on the partition between the stomach and esophagus, in connection with which the gastric juice moves through the esophagus and causes a burning sensation.

At this time, you should think about changing your wardrobe to a more “pregnant” one. Be sure to get enough sleep, rest, wear comfortable shoes with low soles and more often stay in positive emotions.

Belly at 12 weeks pregnant: pulls, hurts

Abdominal pain in pregnant women is not uncommon. It is important to know that they are of different nature. If abdominal pain does not occur all the time, and it hurts on the sides of the abdomen, sometimes giving to the lower back, then there is nothing terrible about it. Experts explain this by the effect of progesterone on the ligaments of the uterus that hold it. The ligaments soften and stretch as your tummy grows.

Pain that occurs in the lower abdomen and at the same time aching and pulling, and sometimes even cramping, should alert you. And, if such pain is also accompanied by brown or red discharge, you should immediately consult a doctor. Because all these are signs of a miscarriage or spontaneous abortion, which can be avoided if you react in time and take all the necessary medical measures for this.

Discharge at 12 weeks pregnant

While progesterone reigns in full, the discharge should be just as slightly thick, milky in color, of a uniform consistency, without a sharp unpleasant odor. Any changes in the discharge in color and consistency, for example: the discharge has become green-gray or yellow, with impurities of pus, frothy, curdled - this all indicates the presence of an infection.

At the moment, at the time of pregnancy, the immunity of the expectant mother is reduced, and therefore all kinds of genital infections are not uncommon. The most common infection in pregnant women is thrush or candidiasis. Also, the discharge may change due to exposure to trichomonas, chlamydia, cocci. Allocations, in addition to all these atypical phenomena, are also accompanied by itching in the perineum, which increases after urination. If you are concerned about these symptoms, then you should consult a doctor to get the appropriate treatment, unless you want the infection to get to the fetus.

Also a reason to visit a doctor are brown and reddish discharge. Discharge with blood, plus pain in the lower abdomen indicate the risk of self-abortion. And, if the discharge with blood passes without pain in the abdomen, then this may be after visiting the gynecologist, after intercourse and says this is cervical erosion. But anyway, in any case, a visit to the gynecologist is necessary, but it happens that the doctor can send you for preservation, do not refuse.

Ultrasound at 12 weeks pregnant

This period is considered the first meeting of mom and dad with the baby. If you were registered at week 6, as expected, then this ultrasound is considered the first planned one. At week 12, the doctor, using an ultrasound scan, will be able to determine how the placenta is located, find out the condition of the uterus and its tone, and even tell the approximate date of birth of your crumbs. And also, at this time, the main task is to find out how the fetus develops, what size it is. Detect risks, if any, for congenital pathologies and chromosomal abnormalities. But, ultrasound is not a source in order to make any diagnosis, therefore, if the doctor has any suspicions, the woman will need to be tested and undergo another additional examination.

All the indicators that the specialist receives during the ultrasound, he compares them according to the table of normal values. But, then he will monitor the development of your baby, comparing with your indicators of the first ultrasound.