The drama of A. N. Ostrovsky "Dowry" is a remarkable play of the late period of the writer's work. It was conceived in 1874, completed in 1878 and staged in Moscow and St. Petersburg the same year. M. Ermolova, M. Savina, and later V. Komissarzhevskaya - the best actors of the capital's theaters - took on the role of Larisa Ogudalova. What captivated them so this wonderful heroine?
Larisa Ogudalova is distinguished by her truthfulness, sincerity, directness of character, thus reminiscent of Katerina from Thunderstorm. According to Vozhevaty, there is no "cunning" in Larisa Dmitrievna. With the heroine of "Thunderstorm" brings her high poetry. Larisa is attracted by the trans-Volga distance, the forests across the river, the beauty itself is beckoning - the Volga with its spaciousness. "Earthly, this worldly is not" - notes Knurov. And in fact: it is all as if raised above the dirt of reality, above the vulgarity and baseness of life. In the depths of her soul, like a bird, which she herself looks like, the dream of a beautiful and noble, honest and quiet life is beating. Translated from Greek, Larisa means "seagull", and this is not accidental.
Shouldn't you prefer your mother's lifestyle? Harita Ignatievna, left a widow with three daughters, is constantly cunning and cunning, flattering and fawning, begging from the rich and accepting their handouts. She set up a real noisy "gypsy camp" in her house to create the appearance of beauty and brilliance of life. And all this in order to trade as living goods under the cover of this tinsel. She had already ruined two daughters, now it was the turn of the third to trade. But Larisa cannot accept this way of life of her mother, it is alien to her. The mother tells her daughter to smile, but she wants to cry. And she asks her fiancé to tear her out of this "bazaar" surrounding her, where there are a lot of "all sorts of rabble", to take her away, beyond the Volga.
However, Larisa is a dowry, a poor, penniless bride. She has to put up with it. In addition, she herself managed to catch a craving for external brilliance. Larisa is devoid of integrity of character, her spiritual life is rather contradictory. She not only does not want to see the vulgarity and cynicism of the people around her, but - for quite a long time - she cannot see. All this distinguishes her from Katerina. Abandoning her mother's lifestyle, she exists among vulgar admirers.
Larisa Ogudalova had to experience the indifference and cruelty of those around her, endure a love drama, and as a result she dies, just like the heroine of Thunderstorm. But with a seeming similarity, Larisa Ogudalova is the owner of a completely different character than Katerina Kabanova. The girl received an excellent education, she is smart, sophisticated, educated, dreams of beautiful love, but initially her life is completely different. She is a dowry. Larisa's mother is very mercenary. She trades in the beauty and youth of her daughters.
First, an old man with gout appeared in the house. Larisa clearly does not want this unequal marriage, but "it was necessary to be amiable: mother orders." Then the wealthy manager of some prince, always drunk, would "run in". Larisa is not up to him, but in the house they accept him: "her position is unenviable." Then a certain cashier "appeared" who bombarded Kharita Ignatievna with money. This one repulsed everyone, but did not show off for long. Circumstances helped the bride here: in their house he was arrested with a scandal.
Larisa Ogudalova falls in love with the "brilliant gentleman" Sergei Sergeevich Paratov. She sincerely considers him the ideal of a man. The master has a fortune, he fully corresponds to the idea of a noble and educated person. Its inner essence is revealed later. Larisa is young and inexperienced, so she falls into Paratov's trap and destroys herself. She does not have a strong character and becomes a toy in the hands of others. It comes to the fact that the girl is played in a toss. People around her consider her a thing, expensive and beautiful fun, and her sublime soul, beauty and talent are not important. Karandyshev says to Larisa: "They do not look at you as a woman, as a person ... they look at you as a thing."
She herself agrees with this: "Thing ... yes, a thing! They are right, I am a thing, I am not a person ...".
Larisa has an ardent heart, she is sincere and emotional. She generously gives her love, but what does she get in return? For her loved one, Larisa is another entertainment, fun. Out of desperation, she even agrees to accept Knurov's conditions.
The only way out that Larisa finds is to leave this world. Larisa at first wanted to commit suicide herself. She went to the cliff and looked down, but unlike Katerina, she did not have the determination and strength to accomplish her plan. Nevertheless, the death of Larisa is a foregone conclusion and prepared by the whole play. Suddenly a shot is heard from the pier (this is what Larisa is frightened of). Then the ax in the hands of Karandyshev is mentioned. He calls certain death falling off a cliff. Larisa talks about Paratov's "indifferent shot" at the coin she was holding. She herself thinks that here on any knot "you can hang yourself", but on the Volga "it's easy to drown yourself everywhere." Robinson anticipates a possible murder. Finally, Larisa dreams: "What if someone killed me now?"
The death of the heroine becomes inevitable, and it comes. In an insane fit of the owner, doing a great good deed for her, Karandyshev kills her. This is the last and involuntary choice of the dowry. Thus ends the tragedy of the main character of Ostrovsky's play.
"Dowry" is a drama about the catastrophe of the individual in an inhuman world. This is a work about the tragedy of an ordinary Russian woman, a dowry with a warm loving heart.
Larisa Ogudalova is the main character of A. N. Ostrovsky's play "The Dowry", which was first published in "Notes of the Fatherland" in 1879. In the dramaturgy of Ostrovsky in the 1970s and 1980s, the theme of the power of money, property, wealth in the era of the “triumph of the bourgeoisie” becomes the main one. The playwright continues to look for forces in Russian life that could withstand the elements of unbridled predation, humiliation of human dignity, cold calculation and selfishness. The writer's anxiety is especially felt for the fate of a person "with a warm heart", who, even at this prudent time, continues to live with feeling, looking for love, understanding, happiness. Such is the heroine of the play "Dowry".
Larisa has everything - intelligence, talent, beauty, sensitivity. She is pure in heart and selfless. She reaches out to people, trusts them, hopes for understanding and a reciprocal feeling. But Larisa is a dowry, and this predetermines her tragic fate.
Larisa's mother seeks to marry off her daughter more profitably, she tries to teach Larisa to live by the rules dictated by time, forcing her daughter to lie, to be nice to richer young people. But the heroine of the play cannot act according to calculation. She gives her heart to Sergey Sergeevich Paratov, handsome, smart and strong. But Paratov is a man of his time, living by the principle: "There is a price for every product." Larisa is also a commodity for him. And he is not ready to pay with his material well-being for love and happiness. Paratov marries a rich bride, or rather, in gold mines, which are given to her as a dowry.
Not finding love, Larisa tries to live "like everyone else." She decides to marry the poor Official Yuli Kapitonovich Karandyshev. In her chosen one, Larisa is looking for traits worthy of respect: “I should at least respect my husband,” she says. But it is difficult to respect Karandyshev. In his vain attempts to compare with Knurov and Vozhevatov, he looks ridiculous and pathetic. He does not hear Larisa's plea to leave for the village, where she hopes to find at least peace of mind. It is more important for Julius Kapitonovich to “in turn laugh” at those whose humiliations he endured for three years. He is not up to the torment of Larisa!
After breaking up with Karandyshev, after deceiving Paratov, Larisa is looking for simple human sympathy, turning to her childhood friend Vozhevatov: “Well, at least cry with me,” she asks him. However, Vozhevatov has already lost to Knurov the opportunity to influence the fate of Larisa. “I can’t, I can’t do anything,” is Vozhevatov’s answer to Larisa. material from the site
Finding no love, no respect, no simple compassion and understanding, Larisa loses the meaning of life. She says bitterly: “They looked at me and look at me as if they were fun. No one ever tried to look into my soul, I did not see sympathy from anyone, I did not hear a warm, heartfelt word. But it’s cold to live like that.”
Karandyshev's shot becomes for her deliverance from mental anguish, from the vulgar life of a "thing", a toy in the hands of those who can pay for it. “To die while there is nothing to reproach yourself with yet” is the best thing that remains for a “hot heart” in the world of calculation and vanity.
This is Larisa's personal tragedy. But this is also the tragedy of a society where money rules and a person's happiness is measured only by their quantity.
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The heroes of Ostrovsky's plays are most often women. Of course, these women are extraordinary and extraordinary personalities. Suffice it to recall the heroine of the drama Thunderstorm Katerina. She is so emotional, impressionable that she stands apart from other heroes of the play. The fate of Katerina is somewhat similar to the fate of another heroine of Ostrovsky. In this case, we are talking about the play The Dowry.
Larisa Ogudalova had to experience the indifference and cruelty of those around her, endure a love drama, and as a result she dies, just like the heroine of the Storm. But with a seeming similarity, Larisa Ogudalova is the owner of a completely different character than Katerina Kabanova. The girl received an excellent education. She is smart, sophisticated, educated, dreams of beautiful love, but initially her life is very different. She is a dowry. Larisa's mother is very mercenary. She trades in the beauty and youth of her daughters. Larisa's older sisters are already attached thanks to the cares of a resourceful parent, but, unfortunately, their life is very, very tragic.
Larisa Ogudalova falls in love with the brilliant gentleman Sergei Sergeevich Paratov. She sincerely considers him the ideal of a man. The master has a fortune, he fully corresponds to the idea of a noble and educated person. Its inner essence is revealed later. Larisa is young and inexperienced, so she falls into Paratov's trap and destroys herself. She does not have a strong character and becomes a toy in the hands of others. It comes to the fact that the girl is played in a toss. People around her consider her a thing, expensive and beautiful fun, and her sublime soul, beauty and talent are not important. Karandyshev says to Larisa: They do not look at you as a woman, as a person ... they look at you as a thing.
She herself agrees with this: Thing ... yes, a thing! They are right, I am a thing, I am not a person….
Larisa has an ardent heart, she is sincere and emotional. She generously gives her love, but what does she get in return? For her loved one, Larisa is just another entertainment, fun. Out of desperation, she even agrees to accept Knurov's conditions.
Death is a kind of salvation for Larisa, spiritual salvation, of course. Such a tragic ending saves her from the difficult choice that she is trying to make, saves her from moral death and falling into the abyss called depravity.
A. N. Ostrovsky's drama "Thunderstorm" was published in 1960, on the eve of the revolutionary situation in Russia. The work reflects the impressions of the writer's journey along the Volga in the summer of 1856. But not any particular Volga city and not any specific persons are depicted in The Thunderstorm. Ostrovsky reworked all his observations on the life of the Volga region and turned them into deeply typical pictures of Russian life.
The genre of drama is characterized by the fact that it is based on the conflict between the individual and the surrounding society. In The Thunderstorm, this person is Katerina Kabanova.
Katerina personifies the moral purity, spiritual beauty of a Russian woman, her desire for will, for freedom, her ability not only to endure, but also to defend her rights, her human dignity. According to Dobrolyubov, she "did not kill human nature in herself."
Katerina is a Russian national character. First of all, this is reflected by Ostrovsky, who was fluent in all the riches of the national language, in the speech of the heroine. When she speaks, she seems to be singing. Katerina's speech, associated with the common people, brought up on their oral poetry, is dominated by colloquial vernacular vocabulary, which is distinguished by high poetry, figurativeness, and emotionality. The reader feels the musicality and melodiousness, Katya's dialect is reminiscent of folk songs. The language of the Ostrov heroine is characterized by repetitions (“on the top three on a good one”, “people are disgusting to me, and the house is disgusting to me, and the walls are disgusting!”), An abundance of caressing and diminutive words (“sunshine”, “voditsa”, “grave”) , comparison (“I didn’t grieve about anything, like a bird in the wild”, “someone affectionately speaks to me, like a dove cooes”). Yearning for Boris, at the moment of the greatest tension of her mental strength, Katerina expresses her feelings in the language of folk poetry, exclaiming: “Wild winds, bear my sadness and longing to him!”
Larisa Ogudalova - the heroine of the romance
Ostrovsky play female national
Larisa Ogudalova is an image no less famous than Katerina Kabanova, and causes no less controversy. The main question remains the question of the strength of Larisa's morality and the meaning of her last words. Ostrovsky created a truly controversial image, in this part of the work we will try to find the answer to the question, what is the true strength of the character of Larisa Ogudalova, and why she, so unlike the spiritually pure Katerina, also remains the embodiment of female tragedy.
The modern understanding of this image is largely based on the perception of the film of the famous film "Cruel Romance", we will not argue about the correspondence between the director's version and the author's intention, but it seems to us that the title of the film very accurately reflects the style of the play. By definition, a cruel romance is an urban ballad about love, filled with exaggerated tragic pathos, sentimental, but not giving a sense of catharsis, this tragic pathos is inherent in all the main characters of the play, except for Larisa herself, who takes off like a seagull - the bird that gave the root of her name - over spiritually petty people. "Dowry" is a play about everyday life and customs, but it does not have such a breakthrough that we find in "Thunderstorm". The death of Larisa is not a given given by Larisa herself, but the result of an instant choice of the heroine, who until the last moment is a prisoner of her own illusions, which is why her death is not a suicide, but a shot by Karandyshev. Lotman, in the article “Ostrovsky and Russian dramaturgy of his time”, assesses the tragedy of Larisa Ogudalova, the heroine: “a modern woman who feels like a person, independently makes important life decisions, is faced with the cruel laws of society and can neither reconcile with them nor oppose them new ideals. Being under the charm of a strong man, a bright personality, she does not immediately realize that his charm is inseparable from the power that wealth gives him, and from the merciless cruelty of the "collector of capital." The death of Larisa is a tragic way out of the insoluble moral contradictions of the time.
The play "Dowry" was written at the end of the 70s of the XIX century, during the triumph of the nouveau riche - wealthy merchants, when people were increasingly influenced by money, which overshadowed true values. The tragic consequences of this were reflected in the fate of the main character of the drama. Larisa is a soft, pure girl, but she was brought up in the best European traditions - she was taught what a European girl is supposed to have: good manners and a musical education. But Larisa does not understand the true meaning of this education, which is just a beautiful setting for a valuable thing. Her mother, who has already successfully "attached" two daughters, none of whom has found happiness, will also read Larisa a successful marriage with a wealthy person. Ogudalova the eldest does not act for the benefit of her daughter, in this world of profit, the tragedy begins with the fact that the mother is trying to sell her daughter at a higher price, for her own benefit.
Larisa is deprived of maternal love, she is deprived of love in general, like Katerina, and her heart demands that this lack of love be filled. Here she is closer to the image of Tatyana Larina, whose soul was waiting for “someone”, but unlike Tatyana, whose story ends with a marriage, albeit with an unloved, but respected by her and society person who loves Tatyana, Larisa does not receive deserved love from his chosen one Paratov, nor from his fiancé Karandyshev.
Larisa, a naive young girl, cannot believe in any way that in the society where she, at the behest of her mother, must move, everything is determined by money. “She embodies the traditions of noble education, and in her character there is a sharp contradiction between the desire for external brilliance, for the ostentatious nobility of life and the deeper, inner properties of her nature - seriousness, truthfulness and a thirst for genuine and sincere relationships. Such a contradiction was then a phenomenon encountered in the life of the best representatives of the privileged strata of society. With her mind, of course, she knows everything very well, the fate of the sisters is a clear proof of this, but her soul cannot accept this in any way. It is amazing how such a pure and love-hungry girl grew up in this family, who strives for a genuine sublime feeling, and, as it seems to her, finds it in the person of the “brilliant gentleman” Sergei Sergeyevich Paratov. A woman of an ardent heart, Larisa is looking for love, there is no calculation, vulgarity in her: “After all, in Larisa Dmitrievna there is no earthly, this worldly thing,” Knurov notes. She is looking for a sublimely beautiful love, an elegantly beautiful life. Larisa is blindly sure that Paratov loves her as sincerely and recklessly as she loves him, and this is her tragedy. Katerina and Larisa are united by the fact that both of them are able to endow their chosen one with non-existent spiritual beauty, but if Katerina knows about her mistake, although she hides this knowledge, then Larisa does not see that it is only in her world that Paratov has the features of an ideal person who is capable of for love.
“But the chosen one of Larisa, not possessing the business acumen of the merchants Knurov and Vozhevatov, has already managed to fully assimilate their morality, it is no coincidence that he confesses to Knurov: “I, Moky Parmenych, have nothing cherished; I will find a profit, so I will sell everything, anything. Larisa, on the other hand, draws her lover to herself and Karandysheva: “You yourself mean something, you are a good, honest person; but from comparison with Sergei Sergeyevich you lose everything ... Sergey Sergeyevich ... this is the ideal of a man. We cannot accurately determine the reading circle of Larisa Ogudalova, but we can assume that she was brought up on romantic stories, and from there she took her ideal, which Paratova sees as the embodiment: the ideal of masculinity, courage, valor and honor. Larisa is not able to take a critical look at this man: the episode with the Caucasian officer, when Paratov, in order to demonstrate his composure and accuracy, shot at the target that she held in her hand, she perceives as proof of his “ideality”, so similar to “ideality” romantic heroes. Although in fact this episode speaks only of bragging and pride, for the sake of which Sergei Sergeyevich, without hesitation, risks both his own and someone else's life.
In fact, the “ideal man” Sergey Sergeyevich is a coward, and a coward of the lowest kind, because he is afraid of being left without capital, and therefore marries a rich woman, and his “flash of passion” for Larisa is just a game with Karandyshev, to whom Paratov is so in an immoral way "points to the place", he was perfectly aware of everything and accurately calculated his actions. Larisa for him is a beautiful thing, a toy that was suddenly taken away by some insignificant Karandyshev. The heroine of the play compromises herself by leaving with Paratov, but she still does not realize her sin, only after talking with Sergei Sergeyevich, she understands that her love was an illusion built by herself. Larisa is enchanted and lives in an enchanted world that is destroyed in the course of the play. She does not have such moral strength as Katerina, that spirit of insight that allowed the heroine of The Thunderstorm to foresee her tragic ending, she is not disappointed in the world, but so far only in her lover. She still believes that the world around her, although cruel, is at least not much like the romantic world that she built with such tenacity.
Throughout the play, Larisa does not grow spiritually, she spiritually begins to see clearly, her eyes open, but internal growth, as such, does not occur, but the reason for this is not at all in the absence of a spiritual beginning in Larisa, in Larisa there is no such force that can break so firmly the established power of money, it is only able to leave this world for a fictional world created by its own imagination, but it does not have the strength to fight. In the end, the girl, broken by the betrayal of her lover, who “reveals the falsity of the ideal, in the name of which she was ready to make any sacrifices”, and before whom “in all its ugliness, the position to which she is doomed is revealed - the role of an expensive thing”, decides to become a kept woman in order to try again to build a kind of “cocoon” around, with the help of Knurov’s money to build, if not beautiful love, then at least a beautiful life. You can blame Larisa for the lack of a spiritual beginning, because such a decision is immoral, and she herself says that “gold shone before her,” but this decision is a decision made in complete desperation, and in her mind it is tantamount to a desire to die. She understands that spiritual death awaits her and hesitates between the death of the body and the death of the soul. Larisa realizes that everyone around her sees her as an expensive beautiful thing that can be bought to a tragic denouement. She utters bitter words: “Thing... yes, thing! They are right, I am a thing, not a person ... Every thing must have an owner, I will go to the owner. feeling like a thing, Larisa for a moment renounces all her spiritual qualities, but they manifest themselves: a girl cannot become a simple kept woman, a toy for whom they do not feel love, and who does not feel love herself.
When Larisa first talks about suicide, she only provokes Paratov to make a decision, as it seemed to Larisa, favorable for her: “There is a lot of space for unfortunate people in God's world: here is a garden, here is the Volga. Here you can hang yourself on every knot, on the Volga - choose any place. It’s easy to drown yourself everywhere, if you have the desire and strength, ”she still does not seriously think about suicide. The words about the Volga and the garden are intended to scare her lover rather, but Knurov invites her to become a kept woman, emphasizing with meaning: “Not enough is impossible for me,” thoughts of death become real. Larisa reflects: “Parting with life is not at all as easy as I thought. Here is and there is no forces! That's how unhappy I am! But there are people for whom it is easy ... Oh, what am I! ... but nothing is sweet to me, and there is no need for me to live! Why don't I decide? What keeps me above this abyss? What's stopping you? Ah, no, no ... Not Knurov, luxury, brilliance ... no, no ... I must from the vanity ... Debauchery ... oh, no ... I just don’t have the determination. A pitiful weakness: to live, at least somehow, but to live ... When you can’t live and don’t need to. What a miserable, unfortunate person I am.. If only someone had killed me now... How good it is to die... There is nothing to reproach myself with yet. Or fall ill and die... Yes, I think I will fall ill. How bad it is for me!.. To be ill for a long time, you will calm down, you will reconcile with everything, you will forgive everyone and you will die ... Oh, how bad, how dizzy.
Even the prospect of a beautiful life does not console Larisa, she pronounces the word "debauchery", which means she is aware of the enormity of the prospect proposed by Knurov, which means that the spiritual principle in her is strong. Until the moment of insight, Larisa lived with love, which in her was stronger than the concepts of morality and morality, especially since such concepts were not a priority in her upbringing; now, she feels in herself a moral law, not connected with religion, as with Katerina, but connected with her understanding of the “ideal”, which, as it turned out, is inseparable from the moral.
When Karandyshev tells the bride that Knurov and Vozhevatov played her toss, a tragic breakdown occurs in Larisa's soul, she will no longer be able to build illusions around herself - the real world turned out to be stronger than her imagination, she will no longer be able to live in this world. Karandyshev, for whom his wife, being a member of the circle of local millionaires, was supposed to be a means of overcoming his own inferiority complex, helps Larisa, without realizing it, to fulfill her innermost desire: “If someone killed me now ...”, saves her , allows her to leave without staining her soul and body with debauchery, without making her own beauty a commodity. A minute before her death, she shows true nobility, saving her killer from trial, convincing Paratov, Knurov, Vozhevatov, who crowded around her - the true culprits of her death, that she committed suicide. Although it is possible to interpret her words differently: I want to believe in the fantastic idea that Larisa can still influence the world with the power of her soul, and it is her determination, and not Karandyshev's shot, that allows her to die ... "It's me myself ... No one is guilty, no one ... It's me myself.
“Paratov frantically shouts to the singing gypsies: “Tell them to be silent! Please shut up!" - but the dying Larisa has the strength to ironically challenge Paratov's order: “No, no, why! .. Let them have fun, whoever has fun, who has fun ... I don't want to disturb anyone. Live, live everyone! You have to live, and I have to... die. I don’t complain about anyone, I don’t take offense at anyone ... you are all good people ... ”her life ends with a deeply sincere confession:“ I love you all ... everyone, I love you, ”her world triumphs, after all she was able, through pain, through disappointment, to gain such spiritual strength, to ascend to such a peak that she wholeheartedly bestowed forgiveness and a kiss on the world of cruelty and gain.
Larisa eventually turned out to be as strong as Katerina, even if she did not change anything in the world, but she was able to forgive the world. The bird girl eventually finds a grave in the same Volga, that is, she becomes free. The true strength of Larisa Ogudalova's character is in her ability to love and forgive, in her selflessness, in her naive faith in the world. What other heroine can also blindly believe in love in a world where power belongs to money? Isn't this girl strong, who before her death in a few short hours experiences disappointment in love, in the world, in herself, but can die by blowing a kiss to the world? The world will not change, the gypsy choir sings, and Larisa does not demand to interrupt the fun of this “celebration of life”, she just leaves, leaves with a pure soul and with a pure heart, not overshadowed by hatred. I think this is her true strength.
Ostrovsky's drama "Dowry" is built on the classical naturalness and simplicity of the characters' images, but at the same time on the complexity of their characters and actions. that they are simpler, easy to understand.
Goncharov, discussing the basis of Ostrovsky's drama, said that the playwright "as if he does not want to resort to the plot - this artificiality is below him: he must sacrifice to it part of the truthfulness, integrity of character, precious touches of morals, details of everyday life - and he more willingly lengthens the action, cools the viewer , if only to carefully preserve what he sees and smells alive and true in nature.
Ostrovsky's work does not fit into any of the classical genre forms, this gave Dobrolyubov a reason to speak of it as a "play of life". In "Dowry" Ostrovsky comes to the disclosure of complex, subtle, psychologically polyphonic human characters. He shows us a life conflict, the reader lives this short period of life as a resident of the same city of Bryakhimov, or, even more interesting, like any hero of the drama.
Larisa Ogudalova is the main character of the drama, all the action is around her, intrigues "roam".
Larisa is a girl, even more fragile, unprotected than it seems at first glance. In my opinion, it can be compared with a white noble rose. The girl is just as gentle and beautiful, it is not for nothing that she is called the "decoration of the city." But on the other hand, they say about Larisa that she is "an expensive piece of jewelry that requires a good jeweler." Maybe it would be nice, but here, in the play, these words sounded impudent and vulgar. After all, here Larisa is evaluated as a thing, in this case, as a precious stone. Of course, precious is flattering, but a stone is something cold, inanimate, insensitive, not at all suitable for Larisa's romantic nature.
Her soul is refined, bright, musical, sensitive and melodic. Larisa is like a spark in this city, like the heroine of one of the Russian romances that she loves to sing so much. After listening to romances in her own performance, she begins to dream of pure love, a strong family, a loving wife.
But things don't work out the way the girl wants. The drama is based on a social theme. Larisa is poor, she is a girl without a material dowry, but at the same time she has a rich inner world, which we will not find in any of the heroes of the drama. Larisa lives in a world where everything is bought and sold, even girlish beauty and love. But, getting lost in her dreams, in her rainbow world, she does not notice the most disgusting sides in people, she does not notice an ugly attitude towards herself, Larisa sees only good everywhere and in everyone and believes that people are like that.
This is how Larisa made a mistake in Paratov. He leaves the girl in love for the sake of profit, destroys at his own will. After, Larisa is preparing to marry Karandyshev. The girl perceives him as a kind poor man who is not understood by others. But the heroine does not understand and does not feel the envious, proud nature of Karandyshev. Indeed, in his attitude towards Larisa, there is more complacency for owning such a precious stone as Larisa.
At the end of the drama, Larisa comes to a realization. She realizes with horror and bitterness that everyone around perceives her as a thing or, even worse, wants to make her a kept woman, such as Knurov and Vozhevatov.
And then the heroine utters the words: "Thing ... yes thing. They are right, I am a thing, not a person." Larisa, in desperation, tries to rush into the Volga, but she cannot, she is afraid to part with her life, no matter how useless and unhappy it may seem to her.
The frustrated girl finally understands that in this world everything is evaluated by "the rustle of banknotes", and then she decides: "If it is to be a thing, then one consolation is to be expensive."
Karandyshev's shot is salvation in Larisa's eyes, she is glad that she belongs only to herself again, they cannot sell or buy her, she is free. Larisa Karandysheva finds a shadow of nobility and a living human feeling in a careless accidental act, and her emotional drama finally ends, for the first time the heroine feels truly happy and free.
"He showed not only the morals, priorities, traditions of businessmen, boyars, petty officials, but also the personal drama of a woman in love. And this woman is Larisa Ogudalova.
Larisa has a poetic soul, striving for love and happiness. She is well brought up, gifted with beauty and intelligence. Her character is opposed to the foundations of the "new time". Ogudalova lives in a world of businessmen, where the main value is money, where everything is bought and sold, where "every product has a price."
Larisa is the main product of the play. “I am a doll for you; you play with me, break it and leave it,” she says. Her mother and childhood friend Vozhevatov, and Knurov, and Paratov, and even Karandyshev sell it. So, Karandyshev, organizing a dinner in honor of Larisa, decided to simply brag about the acquired “toy”, to show his superiority over others: “I have the right to be proud and proud! She understood me, appreciated and preferred me to everyone.
Vozhevatov and Knurov throw a coin, who will get such an ornament. But Larisa doesn't care about them. All her thoughts and feelings are connected with Paratov, but Paratov is only concerned about his condition. As soon as he has problems, he immediately drives off, forgetting to say goodbye to Larisa. She forgives him. And as soon as he returns, Larisa already feels the precariousness of her position: "You drown me, push me into the abyss." She asks to go away, to the village, as Katerina, the heroine of the play "Thunderstorm", asked to take an oath from Tikhon.
Larisa wants to protect herself from the act to which her heart aspires. But Karandyshev does not support Larisa, just as Tikhon did not support Catherine. Karandyshev only cares about pride. So Larisa is left alone with her fears.
Upon arrival, Paratov does not remember Larisa until Vozhevatov informs him that Larisa is getting married. Paratov also marries, or rather, the process of buying and selling takes place again: in exchange for his freedom, he acquires gold mines. Paratov wants to play last, and Larisa is a great toy. He gives her the worst thing - faith in happiness. “I dream of one bliss: to be your slave; I lost more than my fortune, I lost you,” says Paratov. He deceives, speaks of love, when there is not even a share of pity in him. Larisa believes him and throws herself headlong into the pool.
Paratov's goal is achieved: Larisa, mad with her love, with faith and hope in their joint future, agrees to be his entirely. However, in the morning, when Larisa asks if she can consider herself his wife, Paratov "remembers" that he is bound by chains that he cannot break. This does not stop Larisa: “I will share this burden with you, I will take on most of the burden,” until Paratov admits that he is engaged. Larisa was trampled on, her love was spit on, her feelings were trampled into the dirt, she was laughed at in the face. And again, fate plays with her, Knurov offers to buy her. She is disgusted, she is sick of this world.
She tries to die, but she does not succeed: “What is holding me over this abyss, what is stopping me? Ah, no, no ... not Knurov ... luxury, brilliance ... no, no ... I am far from fuss ... Debauchery ... oh, no ... I just don’t have the determination. In the denouement, Larisa falls in the struggle and takes the position that society assigned her from the very beginning: “Yes, a thing, ... I am a thing, not a person; ... Each thing has its own price ... I am too expensive for you.” But the tragedy of Larisa is different, her words sound like thunder in The Thunderstorm: “I was looking for love and did not find it. They looked at me and look at me as if they were fun ... I was looking for love and did not find it ... it does not exist in the world, there is nothing to look for. I did not find love, so I will look for gold. Larisa is lying, she doesn't need gold, she doesn't need anything. That is why, when Karandyshev shoots Larisa, she thanks him.
In her life there were several options for the outcome of events. Until the last minutes, Larisa loved Paratov, and if she had remained alive, she could have forgiven him once again, and if he accidentally returned to the city again, she would again believe him, and again be deceived. Larisa could become Knurov's luxury, but for her it is exactly death. I would never have become Karandyshev's wife, Karandyshev's patronage is a grave insult. Be that as it may, Larisa would not have found happiness, there is no love for her in this world, because in those days, love was experienced only for money, and not for people.
A remarkable play of the late period of A. N. Ostrovsky's work is the drama "Dowry". Conceived in 1874, it was completed in 1878 and staged in Moscow and St. Petersburg the same year. The best actors of the capital's theaters - M. Yermolova, M. Savina, and later V. Komissarzhevskaya took up the role of Larisa Ogudalova. Why did this heroine captivate them so much?
The heroine of Ostrovsky is distinguished by truthfulness, sincerity, directness of character. In this respect, she is somewhat reminiscent of Katerina from Thunderstorm. According to Vozhevaty, there is no "cunning" in Larisa Dmitrievna. With the heroine of "Thunderstorm" brings her and high poetry. She is attracted by the trans-Volga distance, the forests across the river, the Volga itself beckons with its expanse. Knurov notes that in Larisa "the earthly, this worldly is not." And in fact: it is all as if raised above the dirt of reality, above the vulgarity and baseness of life. In the depths of her soul, like a bird, beats the dream of a beautiful and noble, honest and quiet life. And yes, she does look like a bird. It is no coincidence that her name is Larisa, which means "seagull" in Greek.
What attracts me to Ostrovsky's heroine is her musicality. She plays the piano and the guitar, besides, she sings beautifully, she deeply experiences what she performs, so that she awes and delights her listeners. Gypsies are close to her, in whom she appreciates the thirst for will and a penchant for an exciting song. Ostrovsky portrayed Larisa in his play in such a way that in the mind of the reader her image is inextricably merged with the romance:
True, Larisa is still far from disappointed (this will come to her later), but she has many “seductions”, “temptations”. She, in her words, "stands at a crossroads", is in front of a "choice".
Shouldn't you prefer your mother's lifestyle? Harita Ignatievna, left a widow with three daughters, is constantly cunning and cunning, flattering and fawning, begging from the rich and accepting their handouts. She set up a real noisy "gypsy camp" in her house to create the appearance of beauty and brilliance of life. And all this in order to trade as living goods under the cover of this tinsel. She had already ruined two daughters, now it was the turn of the third to trade. But Larisa cannot accept this way of life of her mother, it is alien to her. The mother tells her daughter to smile, but she wants to cry. And she asks her fiancé to tear her out of this "bazaar" surrounding her, where there are a lot of "all sorts of rabble", to take her away, beyond the Volga.
However, Larisa is a dowry, a poor, penniless bride. She has to deal with it. In addition, she herself managed to catch a craving for external brilliance. Larisa is devoid of integrity of character, her spiritual life is rather contradictory. She does not want to see the vulgarity and cynicism of the people around her and - for quite a long time - she cannot see. All this distinguishes her from Katerina. Abandoning her mother's lifestyle, she exists among vulgar admirers.
First, an old man with gout appeared in the house. Larisa clearly does not want this unequal marriage, but "it was necessary to be amiable: mother orders." Then the wealthy manager of some prince, always drunk, would "run in". Larisa is not up to him, but in the house they accept him: "her position is unenviable." Then a certain cashier "appeared" who bombarded Kharita Ignatievna with money. This one repulsed everyone, but did not show off for long. Circumstances helped the bride here: in their house he was arrested with a scandal.
But here he appears on the stage as an admirer of Vozhevatov. Larisa clearly sympathizes with him, especially since he is a friend of her childhood. He is friendly, young, cheerful, rich. But can Larisa choose him? Of course not. The heroine feels in her heart that this young merchant will go far with his greed, prudence and complacency. Gavrila correctly compares him with Knurov: "He will enter summer - he will be the same idol." In front of his eyes, his heart is stale. This is clearly seen in his bullying of Robinson. Vozhevatov even now looks somehow pathetic next to others. And a little time will pass, and he will betray the perishing Larisa, referring to his vile merchant's word. No, the heroine of Ostrovsky will not choose this gentleman, who, in addition, has no love for her at all.
And here is Knurov in front of her. This one is much richer, he manages big things, reads a French newspaper and prepares to go to Paris, to an industrial exhibition. He is smart, not fussy, like Vasya Vozhevatov, thorough. And most importantly - he is very passionate about Larisa, passionately loves her and is ready to put a lot at her feet. She sees and feels it. But he is painfully unsociable and silent. Well, what will she talk to him about, what will she sing when he is completely devoid of any sentiment? They don't call him an "idol" for nothing. And then he cynically offers her to become a kept woman, that is, he simply buys her, convincing her: "Don't be afraid of shame, there will be no condemnations. There are boundaries beyond which condemnation does not go." She doesn't know yet that he just won her in toss. And he still does not know that it is he, Knurov, who has been playing the game and the whole performance for a long time, considering it as an "expensive diamond" that requires a frame, a jeweler and a buyer. Not knowing everything, Larisa still refuses this choice. In her monologue at the bars, she rejects "luxury, brilliance" and "debauchery", repeating the word "no" three times.
Larisa is drawn to the ideal with her whole being. She is looking for him, rushes to him, not really realizing what he is in her particular case. She sees Paratov as such an ideal. But does it correspond to her ideas about the ideal?
Paratov is a wealthy metropolitan gentleman who embarked on entrepreneurship in the shipping business. At first glance, it is unusual. It is distinguished by scope, brilliance, love of chic. He appreciates the song and "volushka", generous and daring. Gypsies do not have a soul in him. Loves him and Larisa. She can't get enough of him, his masculine beauty and prowess. Vozhevatov exclaims: "And how much she loved him, she almost died of grief. How sensitive! .. She rushed to catch up with him, her mother turned back from the second station." Here it was and Larisa chose it.
But Paratov is not at all what he seems to her. He beat off all her suitors, "and the trace of him caught a cold." And then he returned, again deceives, amused and entertained by her. Larisa becomes a toy in his hands. And he himself is prudent, cunning and cruel. His nobility and breadth of nature are ostentatious. Behind them is a depraved and cynical reveler who, in his extravagance, does not forget about the profitable sales of ships and a rich bride with gold mines. And when once again Larisa is deceived, she makes her desperate choice. She accepts the proposal of Karandyshev, who has been spinning in her house for a long time. Larisa marries him, suffering, tormented, not loving and despising this random groom.
Who is Karandyshev? This is a petty official, over whom in a cynical society everyone scoffs and laughs. But he did not reconcile himself and, being an envious and painfully proud person, he claims to be self-affirmation and even significance. And now this tradesman wants to win a "victory" over the rich by marrying the beautiful Larisa, to laugh at them and, perhaps, break out into the people. It is a pity for him, as a humiliated poor man, but he also evokes contempt, as a petty envious person, a pathetic avenger and an inflated "bubble". Perhaps he loves Larisa, but he cannot appreciate her. For this he has neither talent, nor soul, nor taste. He does not have the humanity and poetry that the heroine dreams of. What to do? She has to be content with this mediocre chosen one. Maybe he will still create a quiet life for her? But more and more she is disgusted by his pettiness, spitefulness and buffoonery. His very love became somehow wild and absurd, turning into tyranny. Therefore, when he falls to his knees in front of Larisa and swears his feelings, she says: "You lie. I was looking for love and did not find it ..." Larisa's betrayal and the realization that she is being played like a thing enlighten Karandyshev, sober him up, something changes in it. But he remains himself and takes revenge on the heroine, who did not want to get him, telling her the cruel truth.
But Larisa herself had just found out about Paratov's deceit, and experienced a new outrage against her. It turns out that she is a thing. It always seemed to her that she was choosing, but it turned out that they were choosing her. And they don’t just choose, but pass it on to each other, move it like a puppet, throw it like a doll.
What to do? Maybe agree with Knurov's proposal? She sends for him. She doesn't need him, of course. But maybe prefer gold? “Every thing has its own price,” she bitterly ironically. “Now I have gold glittering before my eyes, diamonds sparkling.” Since she has not found love, she will look for gold. After all, Paratov could have found gold mines. There is no other choice anymore^ But no, and Larisa refuses this outcome. The play ends with a not at all expensive setting for a diamond.
Leaving this world is the true way out. Larisa tries to end her own life first. She approaches the cliff and looks down, but unlike Katerina, she did not have the determination and strength to commit suicide. However, her death is a foregone conclusion. It is prepared by the whole play. At the beginning of it, a shot is heard from the pier (Larisa is frightened of him). Then the ax in the hands of Karandyshev is mentioned. He calls certain death falling off a cliff. Larisa talks about Paratov's "indifferent shot" at the coin she was holding. She herself thinks that here on every knot "you can hang yourself," but in the Volga "it's easy to drown yourself everywhere." Robinson talks about a possible murder. Finally, Larisa dreams: "What if someone killed me now?"
The death of the heroine becomes inevitable. And she comes. Karandyshev kills her in a mad attack of the owner, doing a great good deed for her. Such is the last involuntary choice of the dowry. Thus ends her tragedy.
The comedic buffoonery of the actor Robinson and the gypsy choir at the end of the play seem to set off the tragedy of what happened, simultaneously introducing the popular opinion about the catastrophe that happened. Shaking his fist, the visiting author says: "Oh barbarians, robbers! Well, I got into the company!"
E. Ryazanov tried to transfer this extraordinary play to the screen. In his book Unsummoned, he writes about his work on the film Cruel Romance, talks about the "tragic situation" of the play, about the introduction of fog into the picture, which aggravated the "tragedy of what happened", about the "ruthless story" in the drama. But the director staged his film as a melodrama, and by this, it seems to me, he distorted the meaning of the play. The miscalculation, in my opinion, lurks already in the intention to give the script a "novel form". This already doomed the picture to the disappearance of tragedy from it. And then there's a clear bust with romances. In addition, the characters are melodramatically monochromatic: the "snow-white" Paratov is excessively seductive and the "gray" Karandyshev is too disgusting.
It is not clear how such a colorless, unpoetic Larisa could charm all the heroes? And why does Paratov himself sing several songs? I would like to ask why the heroine of the film goes for Knur's gold and why does Karandyshev shoot her in the back? After all, this removes the theme of beneficence and Larisa's refusal to choose in the spirit of Knurov. And the last thing - why do the gypsies dance so cheerfully and famously at the moment when the heroine dies? This is no longer a chorus, not popular opinion, but wild blasphemy for the sake of outward beauty. The rejection of the tragedy revealed in the play, in my opinion, is not justified.
"Dowry" by the great Russian playwright A. N. Ostrovsky is a drama about the catastrophe of a person in an inhuman world. This is a play about the tragedy of an ordinary dowry with a warm heart.
Lesson topic:
Larisa and her tragic fate. (Based on the play "Dowry" by A.N. Ostrovsky)
Class: 10 A
The purpose of the lesson
:
create conditions for solving the problematic issue of the cause of the death of the main character of the play by A.N. Ostrovsky “The Dowry”.
know : the content of the text of the work
Tasks: improving research skills,
develop skills in active vocabulary that characterizes the moral and psychological characteristics of the human personality,
improve the skills of working with a literary text: highlight the main thing, argue the statement, draw conclusions,
emotionally involve students in the space of the text, based on a comparison of the world of their own values and the spiritual world of the characters,
consider cases of using an artistic detail in a text, identify its role, develop students' skills in analyzing passages from critical articles, forming their own view of the world, and arguing it.
Educational: cultivate a love for classical literature.
Equipment : presentation, quiz, portrait of the writer, texts of the work, Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary, video from E. Ryazanov's film "Cruel Romance"
Date: 10/12/16
During the classes
I . Orgmoment (message and lesson objectives)
On the slide is the question: Why does the play have a tragic ending (accident or inevitability)?
(the teacher reports that this question will run like a red thread through the entire lesson, at the end of which students will have to answer it, confirming their point of view with arguments and arguments.)
II . Checking homework
Content Quiz (Students get tokens for correct answers)
1.– According to the author's note, you are “brilliant
gentleman, from the shipowners, over 30 years old. Opinions of various
The characters in the play about you are rather contradictory. IN
in the eyes of some you are the “ideal man”, for others you
just a “squandered reveler”, “lecherous
Human".
- Did you recognize yourself? Who you are?
(Sergey Sergeyevich
Paratov.)
2.- Dear Sergey Sergeyevich! Please,
introduce yourself to the public now
introduced themselves when they met Karandyshev.
(“A man with a big mustache and small
abilities").
3.-
What was the name of the ship that was owned by
are you?
("Martin")
4.- Who do you sell it to? (To merchant Vozhevatov.)
5
.- Remember, Vozhevatov is wondering if it’s a pity
Are you selling your boat? What did you answer him?
(“What is “sorry”, I don’t know. I have,
Moky Parmyonych, there is nothing cherished; find
benefit, so I will sell everything, anything. And now,
Gentlemen, I have other business and calculations. I marry
a very rich girl, I take gold coins as a dowry
mines.")
6
.- Mr. Paratov, you use very
many proverbs and sayings. Harita Ignatievna
Ogudalova once asked where you are from
you know so many Russian proverbs. Answer
please, Ogudalova.(“With barge haulers
was carried out, aunty, so the Russian language and
learned.")
7
.–
You, a middle-aged widow, belong to
“decent surname”, dress “elegantly, but
boldly and beyond her years. Woman you are “brisk and
agile”, quite democratic in communication.
Your house is always full of guests, although you are not quite
be picky about who you invite to your place.
Please, sir, introduce yourself.
(Kharita
Ignatievna Ogudalova.)
8.- Harita Ignatievna, they are talking about you in the city,
that you live beyond your means: open to all
accept, give dear gifts to your daughter.
Where do you get money for this?
(Knurov and Vozhevatov give money for gifts.
Vozhevatov: “Grooms are paid. How to whom
daughter liked it, and he fork out. Then on
he will take the dowry from the groom, but not the dowry
Ask".)
9- How many daughters do you have? What is their fate?
(3
daughters. The youngest daughter is Larisa.
Vozhevatov: “The elder was taken away by some mountaineer,
Caucasian prince. ... Married and left, yes, they say
did not take him to the Caucasus, he stabbed to death on the road from
jealousy. The other is also for some foreigner
came out, and after that he turned out to be not a foreigner at all, but
cheater.")
10.- Vozhevatov presented your daughter Larisa in
birthday present is an expensive piece of jewelry, and you
make her thank you for it not only
Vozhevatov, but also Knurov.
“And why Knurov? - asks Larisa.
Maybe you will reveal the secret of your
tricks: why Larisa should thank for
a gift for two
(Ogudalova showed a gift
Vozhevatova to Knurov, noting that she would like
to give this decoration to my daughter, but there is no money,
apparently, you have to abandon the vending
little things. Caught in a trick, Knurov gave
money to buy.)
11- According to the author's note, you are “very young
man”, “one of the representatives of the wealthy
trading firm." Apparently you are doing
transportation of goods along the Volga, own barges,
going to buy another steamer. Who are you?
(Merchant Vasily Danilych Vozhevatov.)
12- Vasily Danilych, once you advised
Knurov original means of combating
runny nose. Please tell me how
effectively and quickly get rid of the common cold.
(Vozhevatov:
“One Englishman told me that from a cold
It's good to drink champagne on an empty stomach.")
13.- Vasily Danilych! What kind of tea did you serve
coffee house servant and why are you so expensive for him
paid?
(It was wine poured into teapots.)
14.– You are an object of admiration and
admiration in your circle. "This woman was created
for luxury”, “expensive diamond expensive and
frames require”, - this is how the characters say about you
plays. Your name in Greek means
"gull". Who are you, dear lady?
(Larisa
Dmitrievna Ogudalova.)
15.- You delight all listeners with your
singing. What instrument do you play, which
Do you perform a romance in a play?
(Guitar. “Don't
tempt me unnecessarily.")
16.- Of course, you remember the name of your fiancé?
(Julius
Kapitonich Karandyshev.)
17.- Paratov is surprised that your choice fell on
petty and insignificant man, and asks
What are the advantages of your fiancé? What do you
Reply to Paratov
(He possesses one, but
the most precious virtue - "He loves me.")
18.- Larisa Dmitrievna, your fiancé is outraged that you familiarly call Vozhevatov Vasya. So Knurov notes that Vozhevatov is much
closer than others. What is this special
proximity? And how to explain it?
(Vozhevatov: “Yes
what is my closeness? Extra glass of champagne
I’ll pour some slowly from my mother, I’ll learn a song,
I drive novels that girls are not allowed to read.”
Larisa: “We have known each other since childhood,
we used to play together when we were little – well, I’m used to it.”)
19.- Larisa Dmitrievna, everyone knows the extraordinary
courage and even audacity of Paratov. How are you
I remember admiring these qualities of Sergei
Sergeyich. Tell me how he once
demonstrated these qualities.
(Shooted
into the coin that Larisa held in her hand.)
20.– You are a provincial actor. Although
Your pseudonym is Arkady Schastlivtsev
say that fate is especially to you
supportive. Your artistic career
successful, and in life you are far from being in the first roles,
Most often, people around you play with you. As you
named after the play and why?
(Robinson. He was driving
on some steamer with a merchant's son; both
drunk to the last possible. They did what
they only come to mind, the public endured everything.
Finally, to complete the disgrace, they came up with
dramatic performance: undress,
cut the pillow, fell out in fluff and began
portray wild. Here is the captain, on demand
passengers, and dropped them off on an empty island. past
sailed on his steamer Paratov. He picked up
Schastlivtsev, but did not take the merchant's son, left
on the island.)
21.- Vozhevatov promised to take you to “Paris”. How are you
wonder if you will have language problems, because
You don't speak French?
(No. "Paris" -
this is a tavern on the square in the town of Bryakhimov, so
that French is not required.)
22- You were invited along with Vozhevatov, Knurov
and Paratov for lunch at Karandyshev's. Which task
Did you receive from Paratov?
(To drink the groom.
Karandyshev.)
23.– You are a poor official, the groom of the most beautiful
provincial town girls. Information
exhaustive to guess your name
character.
(Yuliy Kapitonych Karandyshev.)
24.- Let me know, Julius Kapitonych, not
consider it tactless, how long did you seek
the hands of Larisa Dmitrievna?
(Vozhevatov: “He has long
their houses are spinning for three years.”
Karandyshev: “Larisa Dmitrievna, I have been
endured humiliation, for three years I endured ridicule directly
in the face of your friends; I need it too, in my
turn to laugh at them.")
25.- Mr. Karandyshev, how did you take revenge on your
bride for treason, everyone knows. Where are you
got a gun?
(“In the office, the carpet is thunderous
nailed to the wall, daggers, Tula pistols
hung.")
26.- Will you be tried for the murder of your bride?
(Probably not, since Larisa is in the final
says: “It’s me myself… No one is to blame, no one…
It's me myself." There were no witnesses to the murder.
Summarizing.
According to the results of the quiz, students
grades are given
(by counting the number of tokens)
III .Analysis of the play
Conversation:
1.- Let's follow the text of the play by A.N. Ostrovsky “The Dowry”
What words does Larisa Ogudalova enter with?
(Goodbye ... The heroine, instead of greeting, utters the words of farewell).
2- Tell me, could you imagine, reading the text for the first time, that the play would end tragically?
(No, Larisa behaves calmly, confidently, naturally ... Yes, there are notes of anxiety in her voice ...)
So the class was divided. Let's try to solve the issue:
Fatal shot: inevitability or accident, or Who is to blame for the death of Larisa Ogudalova? What suggestions did the guys have?
(It is necessary to analyze the replicas of the heroes, their actions, the poster ...)
3- The sentences are different, but they are all related to the main character of the play. Maybe her name will suggest a solution to the problem or the title of the drama?
Fizminutka
Lexical work (Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary)
(According to the dictionary, the guys find an interpretation of the word “dowry” and read out the meaning of the name “Larisa”. From the lips of the children, it is concluded that Larisa is a Greek name meaning “white gull”, and a dowry - in the old days: a poor girl who does not have dowry. The conclusion is that Larisa, like a seagull, does not live according to the laws of the world around her. But according to her own, which her heart dictates to her. She soars over the world like a bird, looking for freedom and love ...)
4. Why is it so difficult for Larisa to live in a world of emerging capitalist relations that she does not accept in a new life? (A student's story about the heroine of Ostrovsky's play. The story notes musicality, poetry, dreaminess, artistry, examples from the text are given. Larisa does not see vulgar sides in people, she looks at life through the eyes of the heroine of a Russian romance).
5.- “I am at a crossroads…” What do these words of the heroine mean?
Word work :
selection of single-root words, lexical analysis. The conclusion of students about the hopelessness of the situation in which the heroine finds herself).
Mapping (on screen)
Students write the diagram in their notebook.
- What path could be decisive in the fate of Larisa?
(All student suggestions are written on the board.)
Working on student versions . - “My house is my fortress”, - it is customary to say about the place where a person was born, where he lives. What does the word “home” mean to Larisa?
Work with text.
Students give examples from the text, confirming that for Larisa the house is a quiet corner that she still only dreams of, a place where she can hide from people, enjoy nature, and sing. “I went blind, I lost all my feelings, and I’m glad. For a long time, I definitely see in a dream what is happening around me. No, you have to leave. Get out of here." “I would run away from here, wherever my eyes look.” “Soon the summer will pass, but I want to walk in the forests, pick berries and mushrooms.” "I'll at least rest my soul." “For me after the life I've experienced here. Every quiet corner will seem like a paradise.” Larisa dreams of recreating the lost harmony in her life in the village wilderness) Conclusion: the path of connection with the house, which Karandyshev calls the “gypsy camp”, is closed to Larisa, that thread is broken in her fate, this connection is illusory).
- Maybe Harita Ignatievna, Larisa's mother, is a fulcrum in life for her daughter ? Let's check this version.
(No, the mother only cares about a profitable marriage, looks for her daughter’s patrons, and laughs at her impulses to settle in Zabolotye. “You won’t live without cunning” is her motto in life. After Larisa’s escape from home, she reflects: “I should catch up with her or not "No, why! Whatever it is, there are still people around her ... But here, at least to quit. So the loss is not great. "The act of her daughter becomes an all-in game for her. strong bond with mother.
Can you call Knurov and Vozhevatov real friends? Is there any hope that it is they who can save Larisa?
(Partly yes, they interfere in the life of the family, support external interest in the Ogudalovs. But what drives them? Calculation. Their value orientations are shifted towards economic benefits. They admire the beauty and talent of Larisa, but it is they who consider her a commodity. frames require”, they evaluate her.)
Staging of bargaining between merchants
(viewing this episode, on the screen is a video from the film by E. Ryazanov "Cruel Romance")
(d. 4, yavl. 6) according to Vozhevatov “What do you want?” to the words “You offend me. I myself know what a merchant’s word is.”
What is most striking in this dialogue between Larisa's “friends”?
(The efficiency of the conversation about the fate of Larisa, the bargaining is carried out according to all the rules of commercial art and ends with the drawing of a woman in a toss. Conclusion: instead of compassion, support, Larisa is faced with calculation and cynicism. Another thread with life breaks).
Why, then, neither Paratov, whom Larisa loves, nor Karandyshev, whom she is trying to love, could become her lifeline in the vast sea of \u200b\u200blife?
Student performances . They are all united by calculation and cynicism towards Larisa. Paratov is cruel in his own way: in order to satisfy his ambitions, he seduces Larisa, reassures her, uses her pure, naive nature to his advantage and, like Knurov and Vozhevatov, puts money above all else: he marries “gold mines”. Karandyshev, on the other hand, enjoys his power over Larisa, uses his position as a “groom” in order to “show off” in front of the guests. He takes revenge for the insult inflicted on him by Paratov, plays the role of a jester, whom he does not feel sorry for, but for whom he is ashamed. Both Paratov and Karandyshev are worth each other. After Paratov's announcement of his engagement, the last thread with life breaks in Larisa's soul).
"Larisa and her tragic fate" - this is the theme of the lesson.
(Exemplary student answers - Yes, after all, Karandyshev did not want to kill her, he only wanted to return her.
-No , this is the inevitable finale, since all the threads with Larisa's life are torn, there are no values \u200b\u200bthat would keep her on the ground, calculation, cynicism destroyed the thin sensitive soul of a person, she cannot survive in a world where everything is sold and bought. The end is inevitable.)
- Find artistic details in the text that support the idea that the ending is inevitable . (The shot that sounds during Paratov’s arrival in the city of Brakhimov, fatal accidents in the Ogudalov family, Vozhevatov’s story about Karandyshev at a costume party: “dressed as a robber, took an ax in his hands and threw brutal looks at everyone,” etc. The conclusion is that that the detail plays an important role in the text: portends a tragic denouement).
Who is to blame for Larisa's death?
(Mother, Paratov, Karandyshev ... everyone is to blame).
To determine the answer, ask for help from the heroes of the play and critics.
Working with quotes
“We are not to blame, our business is the side ... "
“No one is to blame, no one ... it's me myself.
“The drama is based on a social theme: Larisa is poor, she is a dowry, and this determines her tragic fate” (Yu.V. Lebedev).
“The source of the tragedy of Larisa is a fatal passion ... ”(N.A. Dobrolyubov).
“The weakness of the heroine reflects the features of the time, practical and cruel ... ”(I.A. Ovchinina).
Discussion of different points of view of students .
What does Larisa thank for before Karandyshev's death? (For saving her from suffering, from disappointment in people and in life)
Word work
“disappointment”, the selection of synonyms for the word. (Disappointment - a feeling of dissatisfaction about something that did not come true, failed, did not justify itself. The same as disbelief - loss of faith in something, disappointment.)
Reading a monologue Larissa (4d., 11 yavl.) “I was looking for love and did not find it ... it does not exist in the world, there is nothing to look for.”
I propose to choose an epigraph for our lesson, referring to the text of the romance to the verses of E. Baratynsky. (At the beginning of the lesson, the epigraph is closed, I open it only at the end, after students have chosen the right words)
Alien to the disappointed
All the assurances of the old days!
By the way, Baratynsky's elegy is called "Reassurance". The romance performed by Larisa helps to understand the subtle female nature. The lines confirm the hopelessness of the heroine, the inevitability of a tragic ending.
Outcome.
Ratings
Homework . (on the screen)
Compare the text of the romance in the play by A.N. Ostrovsky and the text of E. Baratynsky's elegy. Why did the playwright change the text?
Prepare for a written answer to the question: “Who is to blame for the death of Larisa Ogudalova?”
Bibliography.
Zhuravleva A.I. Dramaturgy Ostrovsky. - M., 1974.
Zhuravleva A.I., Nekrasov V.N. Ostrovsky Theatre. - M., 1986.
Kostellyants B.O. “Dowry” by A.N. Ostrovsky. - M., 1982.
Lakshin V.Ya. A.N. Ostrovsky. - M., 1982.
Ostrovsky at school: A book for teachers (Author-compiler N.N. Prokofieva. - M: Bustard, 2001.
Stein A.L. Master of Russian drama. - M., 1973.
The heroes of Ostrovsky's plays are most often women. Of course, these women are extraordinary and extraordinary personalities. Suffice it to recall the heroine of the drama Thunderstorm Katerina. She is so emotional, impressionable that she stands apart from other heroes of the play. The fate of Katerina is somewhat similar to the fate of another heroine of Ostrovsky. In this case, we are talking about the play The Dowry.
Larisa Ogudalova had to experience the indifference and cruelty of those around her, endure a love drama, and as a result she dies, just like the heroine of the Storm. But with a seeming similarity, Larisa Ogudalova is the owner of a completely different character than Katerina Kabanova. The girl received an excellent education. She is smart, sophisticated, educated, dreams of beautiful love, but initially her life is very different. She is a dowry. Larisa's mother is very mercenary. She trades in the beauty and youth of her daughters. Larisa's older sisters are already attached thanks to the cares of a resourceful parent, but, unfortunately, their life is very, very tragic.
Larisa Ogudalova falls in love with the brilliant gentleman Sergei Sergeevich Paratov. She sincerely considers him the ideal of a man. The master has a fortune, he fully corresponds to the idea of a noble and educated person. Its inner essence is revealed later. Larisa is young and inexperienced, so she falls into Paratov's trap and destroys herself. She does not have a strong character and becomes a toy in the hands of others. It comes to the fact that the girl is played in a toss. People around her consider her a thing, expensive and beautiful fun, and her sublime soul, beauty and talent are not important. Karandyshev says to Larisa: They do not look at you as a woman, as a person ... they look at you as a thing.
She herself agrees with this: Thing ... yes, a thing! They are right, I am a thing, I am not a person….
Larisa has an ardent heart, she is sincere and emotional. She generously gives her love, but what does she get in return? For her loved one, Larisa is just another entertainment, fun. Out of desperation, she even agrees to accept Knurov's conditions.
